Rough Framing Flashcards
Rough Framing, foundation
On the top of the foundation wall is a wooden member called a
Sill Plate “Mud Sill”
Wood Sill Plates shall be bolted to the foundation or foundation wall with steel bolts with a minimal nominal diameter of
1/2” steel bolts
How deep should bolt’s bee embedded into the concrete or masonry?
7-inches
How far apart should the steel bolts be separated when embedded into the concrete or masonry foundation
not more than 6-feet apart
How many bolts should be be in one sill plate?
What is the calculation of 7 bolt diameters
Minimum two-steel bolts per piece with one-bolt not more than 12-inches or less than 7-bolt diameters
(1/2” bolt x 7 = 3.5-inches)
What must be tightened on each bolt to the plate?
A properly sized nut and washer
How many bolts does an 8=foot plate need?
Two bolts
How many bolts does an 9-foot plate need?
Three bolts
What type of wood should foundation plates use?
Treated wood or Foundation grade-redwood
What is the normal size a foundation plate laid flat?
2”x6” fastened to the foundation wall with anchor bolts cast into the wet concrete.
What is the maximum notch able to be made on joist depth?
1/4 or 25% of Joist Depth
Notches in the top or bottom of joist shall not exceed what depth ?
Shall not exceed 1/6 of the joist depth and not located in the middle of third span
Holes bored into framing shall not be within what distance of top or bottom of the joist?
Within 2-inches of top or bottom
What is the maximum bore diameter for any wood stud?
40%
When is it applicable to bore 60% of wood stud?
In nonbearing partions or where each bored stud is doubled.
Holes bored in joist shall shall not exceed what diameter of joist depth?
Shall not exceed 1/3 of joist depth
When are you required to provide fire blocks?
In openings around vents, pipes, ducts, chimney’s,fire places and openings
When plumbing, heating or other pipes are placed in a or partly in a partition, necessitating the cutting of soles or plates, what is required?
A metal tie
What dimensions and features of the metal tie should be?
not less than .058 -inches or 1.47mm, 16-galvanized gage and 1 1/2” (38mm)
What is the minimum thickness of solid blocking?
2-inches in thickness and the full depth of the joist
Joist framing from opposite sides of a beam, girder or partion shall be lapped at least how many inches?
3-inches
Joist framing into the side of a wood girder shall be supported by framing anchors or on ledger strips not less than?
2x2-inches or 5mm x 5mm
When should a double header be used?
When the span of the header exceeds 4 FT
How far should studs be spaced if supporting floors above?
Not more than 16-inches on center
How far should studs be spaced if supporting only a ceiling and a roof?
May be spaced up to 24-inches on center.
All __________ walls must be braced
Exterior
What is the most common method used to brace corner’s?
Plywood panels at each corner
What is another method to brace corner’s?
Use a 1-inch x 4-inch brace inserted at an angle into stud. runs from floor to top plate “california corner”
What is the rule of thumb for a header?
Openings 4 feet or less can be made of DOUBLE 2x4’s on edge. For each 2 feet over 4 feet increase LUMBER size 2-inches.
ex. 6 foot opening? 2x6-inch
ex2. 8 foot opening? 2x8-inch
What are the extra short studs called under the lower side of the window opening?
Cripple walls
What is the requirement for cripple walls?
Minimum 14-inch lengths. If cripple wall exceeds 4-feet in height, the studs must be the size of the required for an additional story
What wood has has a natural resistance to decay?
Redwood and Cypruss
What is the minimum entry hole for under floor space?
18-inches x 24-inches (1’6*2)
Why are fire blocks installed?
Installed between studs to form a barrier to air movement in the framing and between floors.
In what places are fire blocks installed?
In concealed spaces of stud walls/partitions including furred space at ceiling and floor levels and at 10-foot intervals both vertical and horizontal
What is the means of egress?
An exit system that provides a continuous, unobstructed and undiminished path of exit travel
What is a public way?
Any, street alley or similar parcel of land unobstructed from ground to sky, having a clear width of not less than 10 Feet
What is an exit court?
A yard our court providing access to a public way for one ore more required exits
How many exit’s per story should there be?
Minimum 1 exit
On a two story building where occupant load is 10 or more, how many exits must it have?
Two-exits
Every required exit doorway serving occupancy load of 10 or more, how wide and how high should the door be?
minimum 3-feet width and 6’8 height with opening width of 32-inches
What has more holding power? Wood Screws or Nails?
Wood Screws
How far should a screw go in as a fastner?
Two-thirds
When should Lag screws be used?
When fastening 1-inch or 2-inch pieces to heavier membranes and to attach metal shapes such as (angles,channels and straps).
How deep should a lag screw/bolt go into wood? and pre-bored to what diameter?
At least 7 times shaft diameter and pre-bored 7/8 of the diameter of the screw
How many types of timber connections are used to strengthen the joint where wood meets wood or other structural material?
60
What are common sizes of shear plates? and fastened with what size?
2-inches to 8-inches and fastened with 1/2-inch or 3/4 inch bolts
