"Rote Versus Meaningful Learning" By Richard Mayer

Question 1

The two most important educational goals

Answer 1

1. Retention

2. Transfer

Question 2

Retention

Answer 2

The ability to remember information at a later date as it was presented during instruction

Question 3

Transfer

Answer 3

The ability to solve new problems, answer new questions, or facilitate new learning by using the information that was previously presented

Question 4

Focus of retention

Answer 4

The past

Question 5

Focus of transfer

Answer 5

the future

Question 6

Meaningful learning

Answer 6

Occurs when students build the relevant cognitive knowledge and processes needed for successful problem solving

Question 7

Problem solving

Answer 7

Devising a way to achieve a goal that one has never achieved before – finding out how to change a situation from a given state to a goal state

Question 8

Two parts of problem solving

Answer 8

1. Problem representation

2. Problem resolution

Question 9

Problem representation

Answer 9

Student builds a mental model of the problem

Question 10

Problem resolution

Answer 10

Student devises a plan and carries it out to solve the problem (reach the goal state)

Question 11

constructivist learning

Answer 11

Students engage in active processing

Question 12

Active processing

Answer 12

1. paying attention to relevant incoming information
2. mentally organizing the relevant information into a mental model
3. integrating the mental model with prior knowledge

Question 13

Bloom’s 1 - Remembering

Answer 13

Retrieving relevant information from long term memory

Question 14

Two processes of remembering

Answer 14

1. Recognizing

2. Recalling

Question 15

Recognizing

Answer 15

aka Identifying – locating knowledge in long term memory that is consistent with what is presented

Question 16

Recalling

Answer 16

aka retrieving – pulling out relevant knowledge from long term memory

Question 17

Bloom’s 2 - Understand or comprehend

Answer 17

Construct meaning from presented information / build knowledge from the new information and connect it to prior knowledge

Question 18

Cognitive processes of Understand / Comprehend

Answer 18

1. Interpreting
2. Exemplifying
3. Classifying
4. Summarizing
5. Inferring
6. Comparing
7. Explaining

Question 19

Bloom’s 3 - Apply

Answer 19

Using procedures to perform exercises or solve problems

Question 20

Executing

Answer 20

Apply concept that is used when the task is an exercise (familiar to the learner)

Question 21

Implementing

Answer 21

Apply concept that is used when the task is a problem (unfamiliar to the learner)

Question 22

Interpret

Answer 22

Convert information from one form to another (Bloom’s Level 2 - Comprehend)

Question 23

Exemplify

Answer 23

Find a specific example of a concept or principle (Bloom’s Level 2 - Comprehend)

Question 24

Classify

Answer 24

Determine that something belongs to a certain category (Bloom’s Level 2 - Comprehend)

Question 25

Summarize

Answer 25

Produce a short statement that represents the presented information (Bloom’s Level 2 - Comprehend)

Question 26

Infer

Answer 26

Draw a logical conclusion from presented information (Bloom’s Level 2 - Comprehend)

Question 27

Compare

Answer 27

Detect similarities and differences among two or more objects, events, ideas, people, situations (Bloom’s Level 2 - Comprehend)

Question 28

Explain

Answer 28

Construct a mental model of cause and effect of a system or series