Rosh Review Flashcards
What is accurate regarding rotator cuff tears?
Historical findings are not helping in identifying rotator cuff tears
The production of calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is characteristic of?
medullary thyroid cancer
Diagnosis of medullary thyroid cancer involves
fine needle aspiration biopsy
Dysphagia, diarrhea, facial flushing, solitary thyroid nodule?
medullary thyroid cancer dx by fine needle aspiration bx
well differentiated cells, lymphatic spread, with hoarseness and lymphadenopathy, is _ diagnosed with _
papillary thyroid cancer, dx by FNA
well differentiated, hematologic spread, hoarseness and lymphadenopathy, is _ diagnosed with _
follicular thyroid cancer, FNA and CNB (coarse needle biopsy) to confirm
intermediately differentiated, lymphatic spread, diarrhea and flushing, is _ dx with _
medullary thyroid cancer dx by FH, previous MEN dx and calcitonin level
poorly differentiated, lymphatic spread, presents with SOB, hoarseness and lymphadenopathy, is _ dx with _
anaplastic thyroid cancer, CNB (coarse needle biopsy) and surgical biopsy
perioral dermatitis has what characteristic?
sparing of the skin adjacent to the vermillion border
malar rash associated with
SLE
what antibiotic is used to treat severe perioral dermatitis?
oral tetracyclines
irregularly grouped, discrete red papulopustules on a red base on the face, but spare the vermillion border and
perioral dermatitis
the most well studied and preferred agent for bulimia nervosa is?
fluoxetine. shows effectiveness in disrupting binge eating and purging
__ is contraindicated in the treatment of bulimia nervosa because it causes?
bupropion, seizures
treatment for acute uncomplicated cystitis
TMP-SMX and nitrofurantoin
treatment for acute uncomplicated cystitis with comorbid conditions
TMP-SMX, nitrofurantoin or fluoroquinolone
treatment for acute cystitis in men (otherwise healthy without neurogenic bladder)
TMP-SMX, nitrofurantoin and ciprofloxacin
treatment for acute uncomplicated pyelo
oral fluoroquinolone or TMP SMX if moderately ill, IV fluoroquinolone or amp/gent or third gen cephalosporin if hospitalized
treatment for complicated UTI
oral fluoroquinolone or TMP SMX if moderately ill, IV fluoroquinolone or amp/gent or third gen cephalosporin if hospitalized
treatment for UTI in pregnancy
amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, TMP-SMX, nitrofurantoin
treatment for pregnant with pyelo - hospitalized
IV amp/gent or third gent cephalosporin
peripheral, bibasilar reticular opacities with honeycombing and traction bronchiectasis; labs: decrease FVC and FEV1 but near normal FEV1/FVC ratio
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
pleural plaques and linear bands of calcification on high resolution CT
asbestosis
CT findings of pleural fibrosis predominantly in the upper lobes
pleuropulmonary fibroelastosis
smokers 20-40 years of age and characterized by CT findings: multiple cysts, nodules and interstitial thickening with a mid to uppere zone predominance
pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis
how does nintedanib work to slow the rate of disease progression in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
it is a receptor blocker for multiple tyrosine kinases which are involved in the genesis of fibrogenic growth factors
classic findings in coarctation of the aorta
systolic hypertension and diminished or delayed femoral pulses - asso with Turner
adults with unrepaired coarctation of the aorta are at increased risk for what other vacular disorder?
intracranial aneurysms
EKG of coarctation of the aorta will show?
LVH
CXR of coarctation of the aorta will show?
notching of ribs
diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta will be?
echo
what are some secondary causes of lactose intolerance?
bacterial overgrowth, giardiasis, crohn’s, celiac
most initial test for myasthenias gravis
assay for Ach receptor antibodies
important to obtain a ___ after diagnsosis of MG is made
CT of mediastinum to detect a thymoma
proximal muscle weakness ptosis, diplopia that is worse at the end of the day
myasthenia’s gravis
a rapidly rising and falling arterial pulse with a wide pulse pressure, identified by palpating the radial, brachial or carotid arteries, most often associated with ___
aortic regurgitation
Dupuytren contracture asso with
DM
fibrous fascial on the palmer surface to shorten and thicken (one or more pitted nodules on the palm)
Dupuytren contracture
ADHD scoring system
connors abbreviated symptom questionnaire
semi-lucent, pearly, nodular lesions that has a central depression and is associated with a telangiectasia
basal cell carcinoma
bx of basal cell carcinoma
atypical basal cells with uniform large blue nuclei and indistinct cytoplasm
skin findings for dermatitis herpetiformis?
granular IgA deposits at the dermal epidermal junction of the affected skin
what is the most common histological pattern or subtype of renal cell carcinoma
clear cell
non-neurogenic chronic urinary retention is defined as:
postvoid residual of >300mL that has persisted at least 2 months and is documented on two or more separate occasions - get a renal ultrasound
hepatitis:
fecal-oral, shellfish, alone (no carrier), asymptomatic, acute
HAV
hepatitis b
active infection
HBsAg
hep B
recovered or immunized
Anti-HBs
hep B
early marker of infection, positive in window period
Anti-HBc IgM
hep B
best marker for prior HBV
Anti-HBc IgG
hep b
low infectivity
Anti-HBeAb
hepatitis:
IVDA, chronic, cirrhosis, carcinoma, carrier
HCV
hepatitis:
dependent on HBV coinfection
HDV
hepatitis:
fecal-oral, high morality rate among pregnant patients), epidemics
HEV
part of vertebra between inferior and superior articular process of the facet joint
para interarticularis (neck of scottie dog)
fracture of the parts interarticularis
spondylolysis
anterior displacement of a vertebral body due to bilateral defects of the posterior arch
spondylolisthesis
scheuermann (juvenile) kyphosis of the lumbar spine
involves the thoracic or thoracolumbar spine and presents with mid back pain made worse by flexion and extension
side effects of testosterone therapy
polycythemia, blood clots, acne, breast enlargement, aggressive behavior
FSH/LH level in primary male hypogonadism
elevated FSH/LH
FSH/LH level in secondary male hypogonadism
normal to low FSH/LH
preferred treatment of severe malaria
intravenous artesunate
a pregnant woman with uncomplicated malaria can be treated with what antimalarial?
chloroquine
overweight male age 12-16, present with progressive limp and pain localized to the groin, thigh or knee
SCFE
apparaent posterior and inferior slippage of the proximal femoral epiphysis on the metaphysis
SCFE
occurs in male children ages 4-10 with peak 5-7 years, presents with limp that has insidious or stuttering onset, mild, refers to groin or anteromedial aspect of knee, worse at the end of the day
Legg Calve Perthes Disease
test for Legg Calve Perthe disease
pain and restriction with abduction and internal rotation of the hip due to synovitis and muscle spasm
painful lump inferior to the knee seen in adolescent males
Osgood Schlatter disease
most commonly caused by osteonecrosis of the proximal femoral head
legg calve perthes disease
abnormal bleeding time, but normal PT, PTT and INR
Von Willebrand Disease
what conditions are asso with recurring perianal abscesses and fistulae
Crohn disease and HIV
wood lam yellow to yellow/green fluorescence, common recurrent superficial fungal disease that presents with hypopigmentation
pityriasis versicolor
circumscribed segmental solitary area of depigmentation or hypopigmentation usually present or detected in the first few years of life
nevus depigmentosus
inflammatory lesions which heal to form depressed and atrophic scars, telangiectasias, hyper pigmentation or hypopigmentation
discoid lupus erythematosus
morning stiffness in hands that last more than 30 min
rheumatoid arthritis
