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mj pance > Rosh PEARLs > Flashcards

Rosh PEARLs Flashcards

1
Q

antidote for malignant hyperthermia

A

dantrolene

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2
Q

What is the black box warning for meloxicam

A

its use in CABG patients increases the risk of MI and stroke.

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3
Q

management of subacute thyroiditis (de Quervians thyroiditis)

A

Propanolol (sx management)

ASA (pain)

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4
Q

Tx for hereditary angioedema

A

FFP

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5
Q

What can be used to monitor the progression of acute rheumatic fever?

A

CRP

ESR

(nml result a few weeks after completion of tx indicates resolution)

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6
Q

What confirmatory test should be done next if a patient has a positive RPR?

A

FTA-ABS test

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7
Q

What is the most common complication of ankylosing spondylitis?

A

anterior uveitis

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8
Q

What 4 diseases are associated with HLA-B27

(PAIR)

A

Psoriatic arthritis

Ankylosing Spondylitis

IBD

Reactive Arthritis

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9
Q

Which electrolyte abnormalities can cause a long QT syndrome

A

hypokalemia

hypomagnesemia

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10
Q

tx for pulmonary artery hypertension

A
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11
Q

Osteosarcoma is related to what other conidtion

A

retinoblastoma

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12
Q

is anterior or posterior HIP dislocation more common?

How will their leg be laying

A

Posterior MC- leg aDducted, flexed and internally rotated

anterior- leg aBducted, flexed and externally rotated (shortened)–> ABE lincoln

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13
Q

what 2 structures are at highest risk of compromise in a knee dislocation

A

popliteal artery

common peroneal nerve

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14
Q

What is seen if the peroneal nerve is damaged?

(occurs with knee dislocation, tibial plateau fx, etc)

A

foot drop

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15
Q

T/F: Cortisone injections are the TOC for patellar tendinitis

A

FALSE

contraindicated due to risk of patellar tendon rupture

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16
Q

what ligament is most commonly damaged by eversion ankle injuries

A

deltoid ligament

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17
Q

Test for achilles tendon rupture

A

Thompson test

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18
Q

what other condition is polyarteritis nodosa a/w?

A

hep B

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19
Q

What 3 special tests are for subacromial impingement

A

Neers

Hawkins

Drop arm

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20
Q

4 Indications for ortho referral

A
  • multiple metatarsal fractures
  • intra-articular fractures
  • first metatarsal fracture
  • second to fifth metatarsal fracture displaced greater than 3-4 mm
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21
Q

tx for cat scratch dz

A
  • supportive
  • Severe cases or immunocompromized:
    • 1st line= azithro
    • rifampin
    • bactrim
    • cipro
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22
Q

tx for salicylate toxicity

A

sodium bicarb

(HD in severe cases)

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23
Q

What is the MCC of an intracranial neoplasm

A

Mets

(#1= lung. melanoma, renal breast, colorectal)

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24
Q

MC primary brain tumor?

MC malignant brain tumor?

A

meningioma

Glioma

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25
Q

What grade fever and neutrophil count= neutropenic fever?

A
  • Fever:
    • 101degF orally once OR
    • 100.4degF orally twice, taken 1 hr apart
  • Neutropenia
    • <1,500
    • severe= <500
    • profound= <100
26
Q

tx for croup that has shown decrease in repeat visits?

A

dexamethasone

27
Q

what biomarkers are seen in RA? which is most specific

A

RF

anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (most specific)

28
Q

MCC post influenza bacterial pneumonia?

A

staph aureus (gram + cocci in clusters)

Necrotizing PNA

29
Q

tx for tourettes

A

Pimozide

30
Q

tx for Ankylosing spondylosis after failing NSAIDS

A

infliximab (TNF inhibitor’

31
Q

tx for secondary syphilis if PCN allergic

A

Doxy

32
Q

where does the spinal cord terminate in adults?

In kids?

A

adults: L1-L2 (so LP at: L3-L4, L4-L5 or L5-S1 interspace)

Kids: L3 (So LP at: L4-L5)

33
Q

Tx for autonomic sxs a/w MVP

A

atenolol

34
Q

What drugs prolong QT

A
  • TCAs (amitriptyline, despiramine, Doxepin, imipramine, nortriptyline)
  • Abx
    • macrolides
    • FQs
    • imidazole antifungals
    • antimalarials
  • Haldol
  • Pentamidine
35
Q

tx for congenital long QT syndrome

A

BB

36
Q

tx for HCM

A

BB + Disopyramide

37
Q

ACLS- what are the Hs (6) and Ts (5) that should be considered in a patient with PEA

A
  • Hs
    • hypovolemia
    • hypoxia
    • H+ (acidosis)
    • hyper/hypokalemia
    • hypoglycemia
    • hypothermia
  • Ts
    • Toxins
    • tamponade (cardiac)
    • tension pneumo
    • thrombosis (coronary and pulmonary)
    • trauma
38
Q

Tx for brugada syndrome

A

BB + defibrillator

(can lead to vfib/tach)

39
Q

MC type of ASD

A

ostium secundum atrial septal defect

40
Q

what toxicity graph is used to determine if tx is necessary for tylenol overdose

A

Rumack-Mathew Nomogram

41
Q

definitive tx for Brugada syndrome

A

implantable cardioverter defibrillator

42
Q

What 2 meds should be avoided in Brugada Syndrome

A

Flecainide

Procainamide

(sodium channel blocker)

43
Q

What is seen on ECG in Brugada SYndrome

A

RBBB pattern and STE in V1-V3

44
Q

tx for sick sinus syndrome

A

pacemaker

45
Q

Pulsus paradoxus (decr. in SBP/radial pulse on inspiration) is a finding in what 5 conditions?

A
  1. cardiac tamponade
  2. constrictive pericarditis
  3. chronic sleep apnea
  4. croup
  5. obstructive lung disease
46
Q

What is a contraindication to immediate MANUAL reduction of a tibiofemoral/posteriolateral knee dislocation?

A

“Dimple sign”

(transverse groove at the medial joint lign)

–> this is a SURGICAL EMERGENCY

47
Q

+Anti-Jo

+Anti-SRP

A

Polymyositis

48
Q

What are the stages (based on GFR) of CKD?

A

Stage 1: GFR > 90

Stage 2: GFR 60-89

Stage 3: GFR 30-59

Stage 4: GFR 15-29

Stage 5: GFR < 15

49
Q

Pts with PKD have increased risk of what?

A

Berry Aneurysm

50
Q

Tx of prolonged QT syndrome (if hemodynamically stable)

A

metoprolol

51
Q

What 5 meds should be given w/in 24hrs in a patient with ischemic heart disease?

A

Aspirin

nitrates

clopidogrel

heparin

beta-blockers

52
Q

What is the MC tachydysrhythmia a/w sick sinus syndrome

A

A-fib

(A flutter, sinus tach and PSVT are also a/w SSS but not as common)

53
Q

preventative tx for cluster headaches

A

CCB- verapamil

54
Q

What electrolyte abnormalities can be seen with Thiazides?

A

Hypokalemia

hypomagnesemia

hypercalcemia

hyperuricemia

hyponatremia

55
Q

Acute management of Pulmonary ededma/CHF

(LMNOP)

A

Lasix

Morphine

Nitrates

Oxygen

Position (place upright)

56
Q

For high risk individuals, when do you start screening for HLD?

(high risk= >1 RF- HTN, smoking, FHX)

A

Men: 20-25

women: 30-35

57
Q

For lower risk individuals, when do you start screening for HLD?

A

Males: 35

Females: 45

58
Q

For pts 20-79 w/o CVD, how often should they be screened for CVD?

A

q4-6yrs to calculate 10yr CVD risk

59
Q

Tx for myocarditis?

A

Management is supportive

ACE inhibitors help reduce myocardial inflammation.

60
Q

What is the medical managment of HCM?

What 2 classes of meds should be avoided?

A

Tx= BB or CCB (verapamil/Diltiazem)

AVOID: Nitrates and positive inotropes

61
Q

what genetic abnormality is a/w COA? Tetralogy of Fallot?

A

COA= Turners Syndrome

Tetralogy of Fallot= DiGeorge Syndrome

mj pance (4 decks)

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