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MJ PANCE > Rosh PEARLs > Flashcards

Rosh PEARLs Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

antidote for malignant hyperthermia

A

dantrolene

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2
Q

What is the black box warning for meloxicam

A

its use in CABG patients increases the risk of MI and stroke.

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3
Q

management of subacute thyroiditis (de Quervians thyroiditis)

A

Propanolol (sx management)

ASA (pain)

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4
Q

Tx for hereditary angioedema

A

FFP

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5
Q

What can be used to monitor the progression of acute rheumatic fever?

A

CRP

ESR

(nml result a few weeks after completion of tx indicates resolution)

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6
Q

What confirmatory test should be done next if a patient has a positive RPR?

A

FTA-ABS test

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7
Q

What is the most common complication of ankylosing spondylitis?

A

anterior uveitis

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8
Q

What 4 diseases are associated with HLA-B27

(PAIR)

A

Psoriatic arthritis

Ankylosing Spondylitis

IBD

Reactive Arthritis

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9
Q

Which electrolyte abnormalities can cause a long QT syndrome

A

hypokalemia

hypomagnesemia

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10
Q

tx for pulmonary artery hypertension

A
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11
Q

Osteosarcoma is related to what other conidtion

A

retinoblastoma

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12
Q

is anterior or posterior HIP dislocation more common?

How will their leg be laying

A

Posterior MC- leg aDducted, flexed and internally rotated

anterior- leg aBducted, flexed and externally rotated (shortened)–> ABE lincoln

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13
Q

what 2 structures are at highest risk of compromise in a knee dislocation

A

popliteal artery

common peroneal nerve

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14
Q

What is seen if the peroneal nerve is damaged?

(occurs with knee dislocation, tibial plateau fx, etc)

A

foot drop

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15
Q

T/F: Cortisone injections are the TOC for patellar tendinitis

A

FALSE

contraindicated due to risk of patellar tendon rupture

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16
Q

what ligament is most commonly damaged by eversion ankle injuries

A

deltoid ligament

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17
Q

Test for achilles tendon rupture

A

Thompson test

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18
Q

what other condition is polyarteritis nodosa a/w?

A

hep B

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19
Q

What 3 special tests are for subacromial impingement

A

Neers

Hawkins

Drop arm

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20
Q

4 Indications for ortho referral

A
  • multiple metatarsal fractures
  • intra-articular fractures
  • first metatarsal fracture
  • second to fifth metatarsal fracture displaced greater than 3-4 mm
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21
Q

tx for cat scratch dz

A
  • supportive
  • Severe cases or immunocompromized:
    • 1st line= azithro
    • rifampin
    • bactrim
    • cipro
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22
Q

tx for salicylate toxicity

A

sodium bicarb

(HD in severe cases)

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23
Q

What is the MCC of an intracranial neoplasm

A

Mets

(#1= lung. melanoma, renal breast, colorectal)

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24
Q

MC primary brain tumor?

MC malignant brain tumor?

A

meningioma

Glioma

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25
What grade fever and neutrophil count= neutropenic fever?
* Fever: * 101degF orally once OR * 100.4degF orally twice, taken 1 hr apart * Neutropenia * \<1,500 * severe= \<500 * profound= \<100
26
tx for croup that has shown decrease in repeat visits?
dexamethasone
27
what biomarkers are seen in RA? which is most specific
RF anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (most specific)
28
MCC post influenza bacterial pneumonia?
staph aureus (gram + cocci in clusters) Necrotizing PNA
29
tx for tourettes
Pimozide
30
tx for Ankylosing spondylosis after failing NSAIDS
infliximab (TNF inhibitor'
31
tx for secondary syphilis if PCN allergic
Doxy
32
where does the spinal cord terminate in adults? In kids?
adults: **_L1-L2_** (so LP at: L3-L4, L4-L5 or L5-S1 interspace) Kids: **_L3_** (So LP at: L4-L5)
33
Tx for autonomic sxs a/w MVP
atenolol
34
What drugs prolong QT
* **_TCAs_** (amitriptyline, despiramine, Doxepin, imipramine, nortriptyline) * Abx * **_macrolides_** * **_FQs_** * imidazole antifungals * antimalarials * Haldol * Pentamidine
35
tx for congenital long QT syndrome
BB
36
tx for HCM
BB + Disopyramide
37
ACLS- what are the Hs (6) and Ts (5) that should be considered in a patient with PEA
* Hs * hypovolemia * hypoxia * H+ (acidosis) * hyper/hypokalemia * hypoglycemia * hypothermia * Ts * Toxins * tamponade (cardiac) * tension pneumo * thrombosis (coronary and pulmonary) * trauma
38
Tx for brugada syndrome
BB + **_defibrillator_** | (can lead to vfib/tach)
39
MC type of ASD
**_ostium secundum_** atrial septal defect
40
what toxicity graph is used to determine if tx is necessary for tylenol overdose
**_Rumack-Mathew_** Nomogram
41
definitive tx for Brugada syndrome
implantable cardioverter defibrillator
42
What 2 meds should be avoided in Brugada Syndrome
Flecainide Procainamide (sodium channel blocker)
43
What is seen on ECG in Brugada SYndrome
RBBB pattern and STE in V1-V3
44
tx for sick sinus syndrome
pacemaker
45
Pulsus paradoxus (decr. in SBP/radial pulse on inspiration) is a finding in what 5 conditions?
1. cardiac tamponade 2. constrictive pericarditis 3. chronic sleep apnea 4. croup 5. obstructive lung disease
46
What is a contraindication to immediate MANUAL reduction of a tibiofemoral/posteriolateral knee dislocation?
"Dimple sign" (transverse groove at the medial joint lign) --\> this is a SURGICAL EMERGENCY
47
+Anti-Jo +Anti-SRP
Polymyositis
48
What are the stages (based on GFR) of CKD?
Stage 1: GFR \> 90 Stage 2: GFR 60-89 Stage 3: GFR 30-59 Stage 4: GFR 15-29 Stage 5: GFR \< 15
49
Pts with PKD have increased risk of what?
Berry Aneurysm
50
Tx of prolonged QT syndrome (if hemodynamically stable)
metoprolol
51
What 5 meds should be given w/in 24hrs in a patient with ischemic heart disease?
Aspirin nitrates clopidogrel heparin beta-blockers
52
What is the MC tachydysrhythmia a/w sick sinus syndrome
**_A-fib_** (A flutter, sinus tach and PSVT are also a/w SSS but not as common)
53
preventative tx for cluster headaches
CCB- verapamil
54
What electrolyte abnormalities can be seen with Thiazides?
Hypokalemia hypomagnesemia hypercalcemia hyperuricemia hyponatremia
55
Acute management of Pulmonary ededma/CHF (LMNOP)
Lasix Morphine Nitrates Oxygen Position (place upright)
56
For high risk individuals, when do you start screening for HLD? (high risk= \>1 RF- HTN, smoking, FHX)
Men: 20-25 women: 30-35
57
For lower risk individuals, when do you start screening for HLD?
Males: 35 Females: 45
58
For pts 20-79 w/o CVD, how often should they be screened for CVD?
**_q4-6yrs_** to calculate 10yr CVD risk
59
Tx for myocarditis?
Management is **_supportive_** **_ACE inhibitors_** help reduce myocardial inflammation.
60
What is the medical managment of HCM? What 2 classes of meds should be avoided?
Tx= BB or CCB (verapamil/Diltiazem) AVOID: Nitrates and positive inotropes
61
what genetic abnormality is a/w COA? Tetralogy of Fallot?
COA= Turners Syndrome Tetralogy of Fallot= DiGeorge Syndrome

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