Rosh GI Flashcards
Risk factors for pyloric stenosis (4)
first born, male sex, prematurity, and macrolide antibiotic use.
diarrhea is initially profuse and watery and later becomes bloody
pseudoappendicitis.
Yersinia enterocolitica
tx= bactrim
what electrolyte abnormality is common in pancreatitis
hypocalcemia
tx for pseudo colonic obstruction (Ogilvie Syndrome)
colonic decompression, neostigmine
What is the triad of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
(when abx causes massive release of shiga toxin by destruction of E.coli)
- microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (will see schistocytes)
- Thrombocytopenia
- Acute renal failure
tx= supportive (NO abx), Eculizumab if severe CNS involvement)
what lab finding is most consistent with refeeding syndrome in a pt with anorexia
Hypophosphatemia
(Refeeding syndrome leads to hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia. This is due to cellular uptake of phosphate, potassium, and magnesium once nutritional support is started)
what is Plummer Vinson syndrome
esophageal webs + dysphagia + iron deficiency anemia
+ schilling test + ↓ intrinsic factor and parietal cell antibodies
pernicious anemia
what is Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
refractory PUD - gastrin secreting tumor
(tx with PPI and resection of tumor)
what is budd-chiari
Hepatic vein thrombosis = Budd Chiari
triad: abdominal pain + ascites + hepatomegaly
What skin changes are seen with hepatic cirrhosis
spider angiomata
palmar erythema
jaundice, scleral icterus
ecchymoses
caput medusae
hyperpigmentation
Jaundice and palpable non-tender gallbladder (Courvoisier’s sign)
+
Virchow’s node
+
CA 19-9
pancreatic cancer
virchows node + Sister Mary joseph node
gastric cancer
CEA tumor marker
colon cancer
colon cancer:
_____ likely to be malignant: sessile, > 1 cm, villous
_____ likely to be malignant: Pedunculated, < 1 cm, tubular
more likely to be malignant: sessile, > 1 cm, villous
less likely to be malignant: Pedunculated, < 1 cm, tubular
