Ropes, Knots & Lines Flashcards
4 Uses of Ropes
- Tying off
- Hauling items aloft
- Guy Lines
- Rescue
Types of rope
Natural Fibre
Synthetic Fibre
Types of natural fibre rope
Hemp
Manila
Sisal
Coir
Cotton
Types of synthetic fibre ropes
Nylon
Terylene
Polyproylene
Polyester
Disadvantage of Natural Fibre rope
Will rot if stored wet
Low shock absorbing capacity
Approximately half the strength of synthetic ropes
Advantages of Synthetic Ropes
Smooth, Flexible, pleasant to handle
2x strength of natual fibre
Ability to absorb shock loads
Can be stored wet
Rot and mildew resistant
Good resistance to abrasion
Disadvantage of Synthetic Ropes
Tendancy to slip while applying a knot
Nylon ropes stretch under load
4 compontents in the construction of rope
Fibre: Threadlike cell or filament
**Yarn: **A number of fibers wound together
**Strand: **A number of yarns wound in the opposite direction
**Rope: **3 strands wound in the opposite direction.
Identify type of rope
S lay rope
Identify type of rope
Z lay rope
Describe Kernmantle rope
Core of continuous synthetic fibres (KERN)
Encased in a protective, braided outer sheath (MANTLE)
Stronges rope construction
No twisting of fibres
Made of poylester or nylon
Can be Static or Dynamic
What are % of stretch in
a. Static Kernmantle
b. Dynamic Kernmantle
a. 2%
b. 12%-13%
How is rope size determined?
The number of yarns twisted into a strand
Rope diameter is indicated in __________
General rope diameter is ______
Rope diameter is indicated in millimetres
General rope diameter is 13mm
How is rope length indicated?
1 red band per 10m at each end
Whay are rope lengths marked in the middle?
- Easy to identify bight
Use would include tying a clove hitch around suction lenght
What factors effect the strength of a rope?
Knots
Sharp Bends
Mechanical Damage
Shock
Heat
Chemical Damage
Causes of Mechanical Deterioration in rope.
Abrasion
Sharp Bends/Edges
Dirt or grit on the rope
Shock
Overloading
Causes of Chemical Deterioration in rope:
Oils
Acids and Alkalis
Mildew and mould
Heat
Sunlight
Rope will deteriorate throughout it’s life depending on:
- Amount of use
- How it is treated
- The care it is given after use.
What lengths are rescue lines generally stowed in?
50m
100m
200m
Define “Running End”
The free end of a line
Define “Standing Part”
The part of a rope that is fixed or taking a load
Define “Line”
A rope of a specific length for a specific purpose.
Rescue Line
Personal Line
6 Characteristics of Knots
- Easy to tie
- Easy to untie
- Should not over-tighten when wet
- Will not excessivley weaken the rope
- Carries out the function for which it is employed
- Neatly dressed
Idendity and Use
Overhand Knot
Use: Stopper knot
Identity and Use
Figure 8 Knot
Use: Stopper knot
Identity and Use
Reef Knot
Use: Join two lines of equal diameter
Identity and Use
Sheet Bend
Use: Join two lines of different diameter
Identity and Use
Double Sheet Bend
Use: Join two lines of different diameter (CFA Prefered)
Identity and Use
Timber Hitch
Use: Hoisting timber or irregular objects
Identity and Use
Clove Hitch
Use: Tying off and Hoisting
Identity and Use
Rolling Hitch
Use: Directional pull/load
Identity and Use
Round Turn & Two Half Hitches
Use: Tying off
Identity and Use
Sheepshank
Use: Shorten or bypass damaged rope
Identity and Use
Bowline
Use: Form a loop (non slipping)
Identity and Use
Bowline on the bight
Use: Form two loops
