Rootstocks

Question 1

What are the characteristics of Vitis riparia? (Rootstock Riparia Gloire de Montpellier)

Answer 1

• Prefers humid, cool and fertile soils.
• Excellent tolerance to phylloxera.
• Low lime tolerance.
• Good tolerance of nematodes.
• Poor drought resistance.
• Low vigour.

Question 2

What are the characteristics of Vitis rupestris?

Rootstock Rupestris du Lot

Answer 2

• Prefers deep, healthy soils. (Mediterranean)
• Very good phylloxera tolerance.
• Low lime tolerance.
• Good nematode tolerance.
• High vigour.

Question 3

What are the characteristics of Vitis Champini?

Rootstock Dog Ridge

Answer 3

• Favours poor, lightly textured soils.
• Very important rootstock for regions with severe nematode problems.
• Low lime tolerance.
• Low drought resistance.
• Low resistance to Phylloxera.
• Very high resistance to nematodes.
• Very high vigour.

Question 4

What are the characteristics of Vinifera x rupestris? (Rootstock AXR1)

Answer 4

• Happy in a variety of soil types.
• Vigorous.
• High lime tolerance.
• Average tolerance to drought.
• Very poor tolerance of phylloxera.
• Poor resistance to nematodes.
• Easy to graft, good quality fruit.

Question 5

You have to select a rootstock for a site with nematode problems, incidence of phylloxera, and deep, moist soils with low amounts of lime, which do you choose?

Answer 5

Schwarzman - It has very resistance to phylloxera and nematodes, but doesn’t tolerate drought or lime well. Parentage is Riparia x rupestris.

Question 6

You have to select a rootstock for a site that has cool, permeable and deep soil, high phylloxera presence, and some evidence of nematodes, which do you choose?

Answer 6

420A (Millardet et de Grasset) - Has very high tolerance of phylloxera, good nematode resistance, is not drought resistant so suited to the soil type. Parentage is Riparia x berlandieri.

Question 7

You are selecting a rootstock for a European site that has fertile and humid soil, a medium level of lime, high populations of phylloxera and rarely sees drought. What do you choose?

Answer 7

SO4 Selection Oppenheim - High resistance to phylloxera, medium vigour and very fruitful, low drought tolerance. Parentage is Riparia x berlandieri

Question 8

Select a rootstock for a site that is very dry, has calcareous deep soils, high drought risk, and high populations of phylloxera and nematodes. What do you choose?

Answer 8

110R (Richter) - Favours poor clay - calcareous soils, very tolerant of phylloxera, good tolerance of nematodes and very drought resistant. Parentage is Berlandieri x rupestris.

Question 9

What are the generally considered moisture tolerances of Vitis riparia and Vitis rupestris based rootstocks?

Answer 9

Riparia generally thought to be better suited to damp conditions.

Rupestris generally considered to be more tolerant of drought conditions.

Question 10

What are the generally consider levels of vigour of Vitis riparia and Vitis rupestris based rootstocks?

Answer 10

Riparia generally considered to be low vigour, slow growing - therefore suited to nutrient rich, damp sites.

Rupestris considered to be a high vigour stock. - So suited to poor soils with low moisture content.

Question 11

The planting of which rootstock in California l which has insufficient tolerance of phylloxera led to devastation of vineyards through the 1980’s?

Answer 11

AXR1 - Parentage vinifera x rupestris.

Question 12

Salinity of available water can be tolerated by planting rootstock based on which parentage?

Answer 12

Vitis champini and Vitis berlandieri.