Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes Flashcards by Emily Beacock

Prefix

Word part added to the beginning of a word to create a new word, modifies meaning of root word (ex. number, location, time, status)

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Root word

Word part that gives essential meaning of the word

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Suffix

Word part added to end of word to give it a new meaning, usually indicates procedure, condition, disease, disorder

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Combining vowel

Single vowel added to end of root word to make it easier to pronounce, links root to suffix or another root

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Abdomin/o

Abdomen

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Abomas/o

Abomasum

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Aden/o

Gland or glandular

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Angi/o

blood vessel

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Bronch/o

bronchi

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Cervic/o

neck or neck-like

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Conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva (layer of the eye)

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Copr/o

feces

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Crain/o

cranium or skull

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Dent/o

teeth

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Gingiv/o

gums

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Hist/o

tissue

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Kerat/o

Cornea

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Lapar/o

abdomen, abdominal wall, flank

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Mamm/o or Mast/o

Mammary glands

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Lip/o

fat

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Ocul/o

eye

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Onych/o

nail, hoof, claw

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ot/o

ear

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Pelv/o Pelvi/o

pelvis

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Pil/o

hair

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Radi/o

Radius or radiation

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Retin/o

retina

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Rhin/o

nose

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Thorac/o

thorax

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Ur/o

urinary system

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Viscer/o

viscera (organ)

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Zo/o

relating to animals

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Cardi/o

heart

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Arteri/o

arteries

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Ven/o or Phelb/o

veins

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Hem/o or Hemat/o

blood

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Or/o or Stomat/o

mouth

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Esophg/o

esophagus

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Gastr/o

stomach

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Enter/o

small intestine

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Col/o or Colon/o

large intestine

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Hepat/o

liver

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Pancreat/o

pancreas

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Adren/o

adrenals

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Gonad/o

gonads

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Pituit/o

pituitary

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Thyroid/o or Thyr/o

thyroids

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Dermat/o, Derm/o, Cutane/o

skin

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Lymph/o

Lymph

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Tonsil/o

tonsils

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Splen/o

spleen

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Thym/o

thymus

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My/o

muscles

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Fasci/o or Fasc/o

fascia

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Ten/o or Tend/o

tendons

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Neur/o or Neur/i

nerves

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Encephal/o

brain

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Myel/o

spinal cord

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Ophthalm/o, Ocul/o, Opt/o, Opt/i

eyes

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Optic/o

sight

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Ot/o, Aur/i, Aur/o, Aud/i

ears

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Orch/o, Orchi/o, Orchid/o, Testicul/o

testes

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Ovari/o

ovaries

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Hyster/o, Metr/o, Metr/i, Metri/o, Uter/o

Uterus

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Nas/o

nose

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Pharyng/o

pharynx

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Trache/o

trachea

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Laryng/o

larynx

Pneum/o or Pneumon/o

lungs

Oste/o

bones

Arthr/o

joints

Chondr/o

cartilage

Ren/o or Nephr/o

kidneys

Ureter/o

ureters

Cyst/o

Urinary bladder

Urethr/o

urethra

-ectomy

Surgical removal, cutting out

-stomy

Surgically creating a new opening

-tomy

Cutting into, incision

-pexy

Suture to, stabilize, fixation

-plasty

Surgically repair

-rrhagia or -rrhage

Bursting forth, excessive flow

-rrhea

Flow of discharge

-rrhexis

Rupture

-centesis

Surgical puncture to remove fluid or gas

-gram

Record of, recording, written record

-graph

Instrument that records

-graphy

Procedure that records

-lysis

Separation or breakdown

-scope

Instrument that records

-scopy

Procedure that records

-therapy

Treatment

-tripsy

To crush or destroy

-algia or -dynia

Pain

-ectasis

Dilation, expansion, distension

-itis

Inflammation

-ia

Disease or condition

-iasis

Infestation or infection of

-ism

State, condition, or result or pathologic process

-malacia

Abnormal softening

-megaly

Enlargement

-osis

Abnormal condition

-pathy

Disease

-penia

Deficiency of, lack of

-sclerosis

Abnormal hardening

-oma

Tumor

-um

Structure

-cyte

cell

-emesis

Vomit

-logy

Science, study of

-pnea

Breathing

Ab-

Away from

Add-

Towards

Dys-

Difficult, painful, bad

Eu-

Good, easy, normal

Endo-

within, inside

Ex- or Exo-

Without, out of, outside, away from

Ecto-

outside

Hyper-

Increased, more than normal

Hypo-

decrease, less than normal

Inter-

between

Intra-

Within

Poly-

many

Obligo-

Scant or little

Pre-

before

Post-

after

Sub-

below, uner, less

Super- or supra-

Above, beyond, excessive

A- or An-

without or no

Anti-

against

Brady-

abnormally slow

Contra-

Against or opposed

De-

remove, take away, loss of

Dia-

through, apart, across, between

Dis-

reversal, seperation

Dys-

difficult, painful, bad

Epi-

above

Hyper-

excessive, abnormally high

Hypo-

Insufficient, abnormally low

Mal-

bad, poor

Path/o-

disease

Py-

pus

Tachy-

abnormally rapid

Ankyl/o-

Bent, looped, fused

Auto-

self

Bi-

two, double, twice

Crypt/o-

Hidden, concealed, depression on a surface

Infra-

below or beneath

Lith/o-

Stone, calculus

Megal/o- or Mega-

Abnormally large

Necr/o-

dead, decaying

Phag/o-

eating or swallowing

Psued/o-

false

Scler/o-

hardening

Sub-

under, beneath

-s, -ch, -sh

delete: no change, add: -es

-y

-ies

-is

-es

-um

-a

-us

-i

-a

-ae

-ix, -ex, -yx

-ices

-ax

-aces

-ma

delete: no change, add: -s

-oma

-omata

-nx

-nges

-on

-a

Plural of virus?

viruses

Plural of sinus?

Sinuses

Plural of chorion?

Chorions