Roots, Prefixes and Suffixes Flashcards
a-,an-
not, without
Origin language and etymology:
Greekἀ-/ἀν-(a-/an-), not, without
Example(s)
analgesic,apathy
ab-
from; away from
Origin language and etymology:
Latin
Example(s)
abduction
abdomin-
of or relating to theabdomen
Origin language and etymology:
Latinabdōmen, abdomen, fat around the belly
Example(s)
abdomen, abdominal
-ac
pertaining to; one afflicted with
Origin language and etymology:
Greek-ακός(-akós)
Example(s)
cardiac,celiac
acanth-
thorn or spine
Origin language and etymology:
Greekἄκανθα(ákantha), thorn
Example(s)
acanthion,acanthocyte,acanthoma,acanthulus
acou-
of or relating tohearing
Origin language and etymology:
Greekἀκούειν(akoúein),ἀκουστικός(akoustikós), of or for hearing
Example(s)
acoumeter,acoustician,hyperacusis
acr-
extremity, topmost
Origin language and etymology:
Greekἄκρον(ákron), highest or farthest point
Example(s)
acrocrany,acromegaly,acroosteolysis,acroposthia
-acusis
hearing
Origin language and etymology:
Greekἀκουστικός(akoustikós), of or for hearing
Example(s)
paracusis
-ad
toward, in the direction of
Origin language and etymology:
Latinad, toward, to
Example(s)
dorsad,ventrad
ad-
at, increase, on, toward
Origin language and etymology:
Latinad-, to
Example(s)
adduction, addition
aden-
of or relating to agland
Origin language and etymology:
Greekἀδήν, ἀδέν-, (adḗn, adén-), an acorn; agland
Example(s
adenocarcinoma,adenology,adenotome,adenotyphus
adip-
of or relating tofator fatty tissue
Origin language and etymology:
Latinadeps,adip-, fat
Example(s)
adipocyte
adren-
of or relating to theadrenal glands
Origin language and etymology:
Latinad+rēnēs, kidneys
Example(s)
adrenal artery
-aemia,ema,hemat
bloodcondition
Origin language and etymology:
Greekἀναιμία(anaimía), without blood
Example(s)
anaemia
aer(o)-
air, gas
Origin language and etymology:
Greekἀήρ, ἀέρος (aḗr, aéros)
Example(s)
aerosinusitis, aerodynamics
aesthesi-
sensation
Origin language and etymology:
Greekαἴσθησις(aísthēsis)
Example(s)
anaesthesia
-al
pertaining to
Origin language and etymology:
Latin-alis
Example(s)
abdominal, femoral
alb-
denoting a white or pale color
Origin language and etymology:
Latinalbus, white
Example(s)
albino,tunica albica
alge(si)-
pain
Origin language and etymology:
Greekἄλγος(álgos)
Example(s)
analgesic
-algia,alg(i)o-
pain
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
all-
denoting something as different, or as an addition
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
ambi-
denoting something as positioned on both sides; describing both of two
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
amnio-
Pertaining to the membranous fetal sac (amnion)
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
amph(i)-,
on both sides
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
amylo-
starchy, carbohydrate-related
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
an-
not, without
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
ana-
back, again, up
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
an-
anus
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
andr-
pertaining to aman
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
angi-
blood vessel
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
aniso-
describing something as unequal
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
ankyl-,ancyl-
denoting something as crooked or bent
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
ante-
describing something as positioned in front of another thing
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
anthropo-
human
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
anti-
describing something as ‘against’ or ‘opposed to’ another
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
apo-
away, separated from, derived from
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
archi-
first, primitive
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
arsen(o)-
of or pertaining to a male; masculine
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
arteri(o)-
of or pertaining to anartery
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
arthr-
of or pertaining to the joints, limbs
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
articul-
joint
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
-ary
pertaining to
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
-ase
enzyme
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
-asthenia
weakness
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
atel(o)-
imperfect or incomplete development
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
ather-
fatty deposit, soft gruel-like deposit
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
-ation
process
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
atri-
an atrium (esp. heart atrium)
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
aur-
of or pertaining to the ear
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
aut-
self
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
aux(o)-
increase; growth
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
axill-
of or pertaining to the armpit (uncommon as a prefix)
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
azo(to)-
nitrogenous compound
Origin language and etymology:
Example(s)
bacillus
rod-shaped
Origin language and etymology:
Latin baculus, stick
Example(s)
Bacillus anthracis
bacteri-
Pertaining to bacteria
Origin language and etymology:
Latin bacterium; Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion), small staff
Example(s)
bacteriophage, bactericide
balan-
of the glans penis or glans clitoridis
Origin language and etymology:
Greek βάλανος (bálanos), acorn, glans
Example(s)
balanitis
bas-
of or pertaining to base
Origin language and etymology:
Greek βάσις (básis), foundation, base
Example(s)
basolateral
bi-
twice, double
Origin language and etymology:
Latin bi-
Example(s)
binary vision, bicycle, bisexual
bio-
life
Origin language and etymology:
Greek βίος (bíos)
Example(s)
biology, biological
blast-
germinate or bud
Origin language and etymology:
Greek βλαστός (blastós)
Example(s)
blastomere
blephar(o)-
of or pertaining to the eyelid
Origin language and etymology:
Greek βλέφαρον (blépharon), eyelid
Example(s)
blepharoplasty
brachi(o)-
of or relating to the arm
Origin language and etymology:
Latin bracchium, from Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn), arm
Example(s)
brachium of inferior colliculus
brachy-
indicating ‘short’ or less commonly ‘little’
Origin language and etymology:
Greek βραχύς (brakhús), short, little, shallow
Example(s)
brachycephalic
brady-
slow
Origin language and etymology:
Greek βραδύς (bradús), slow
Example(s)
bradycardia
bronch(i)-
of or relating to the bronchus
Origin language and etymology:
Latin bronchus; Greek βρόγχος (brónkhos), windpipe
Example(s)
bronchitis, bronchiolitis obliterans
bucc(o)-
of or pertaining to the cheek
Origin language and etymology:
Latin bucca, cheek
Example(s)
buccolabial
burs(o)-
bursa (fluid sac between the bones)
Origin language and etymology:
Latin bursa, purse; Greek βύρσα (búrsa), hide, wine-skin
Example(s)
bursa, bursitis
capill-
of or pertaining to hair
Origin language and etymology:
Latin capillus, hair
Example(s)
capillus
capit-
pertaining to the head as a whole
Origin language and etymology:
Latin caput, capit-, the head
Example(s)
capitation, decapitation
carcin-
cancer
Origin language and etymology:
Greek καρκίνος (karkínos), crab
Example(s)
carcinoma
cardi-
of or pertaining to the heart
Origin language and etymology:
Greek καρδία (kardía), heart
Example(s)
cardiology
carp-
of or pertaining to the wrist
Origin language and etymology:
Latin carpus < Greek καρπός (karpós), wrist;
NOTE: This root should not be confused with the mirror root carp(o)- meaning fruit.
Example(s)
carpal, carpopedal spasm, metacarpal
cata-
down, under
Origin language and etymology:
Greek κατά (katá)
Example(s)
catabolism, catacombs, cataract
-cele
pouching, hernia
Origin language and etymology:
Greek κήλη (kḗlē)
Example(s)
Hydrocele, Varicocele
-centesis
surgical puncture for aspiration
Origin language and etymology:
Greek κέντησις (kéntēsis)
Example(s)
amniocentesis
cephal(o)-
of or pertaining to the head (as a whole)
Origin language and etymology:
Greek κεφαλή (kephalḗ), the head
Example(s)
cephalalgy, hydrocephalus
cerat(o)-
of or pertaining to the cornu; a horn
Origin language and etymology:
Greek κέρας, κερατ- (kéras, kerat-), a horn
Example(s)
ceratoid
cerebell(o)-
of or pertaining to the cerebellum
Origin language and etymology:
Latin cerebellum, little brain
Example(s)
cerebellum
cerebr(o)-
of or pertaining to the brain
Origin language and etymology:
Latin cerebrum, brain
Example(s)
cerebrology
cervic-
of or pertaining to the neck or the cervix
Origin language and etymology:
Latin cervix, cervīc-), neck, cervix
Example(s)
cervical vertebrae, cervicodorsal