ROOT SYSTEM Flashcards
to locate water and minerals, roots permeate the soil. In doing so, they anchor the plant in one place for its entire life.
anchorage
roots absorb large amounts of water and dissolved minerals (nitrates, phosphates, and sulfates) from the soil.
absorption
the entire mass of underground roots produced by a plant
root system
water and minerals upward into the stem and food from leaves to storage regions of roots
conduction
roots store large amounts of energy reserves, initialy produced ni the leaves of plants via photosynthesis, and
transported ni the phloem, as sugar, to the roots for storage, usualy as sugar or starch, until they are needed.
storage
roots function
anchorage
absorption
conduction
storage
reproduction
photosynthesis
first root that comes from a plant
radicle
a strongly developed main root which grows downwards bearing lateral roots much smaller than itself.
taproot system
has several to many roots of
the same size that develop from the end of the stem, with smaller lateral roots branching off of them.
fibrous root system
roots that develop in an unusual place. There are several types of adventitious roots besides those of monocots
adventitious roots
These root are thicker in the middle and
tapered on both ends. In this type of roots both hypocotyl and root help in storage of food.
fusiform roots
These roots are thicker at their upper side and tapering at basal end.
conical roots
These roots become swollen and spherical at upper end and tapered like a thread at their lower end.
napiform
formation of adventitious roots, that is, roots that develop in an unusual place
reproduction/propagation
erect root that rises up above the soil or water and promotes gas exchange
pneumatophores
big roots that look like they arise from the base of the tree trunk provide additional tensile forces to resist uprooting of large tropical trees.
buttress roots
Large pillars like roots develop from horizontally spread branches of tree. They grow vertically downward into the soil and support the spreading branches. The main function is mechanical support or pillars
prop/stilt roots
these roots arising from nodes attach hemselves to some support and
climb over it
climbing/clinging roots
arise from the main stem. These penetrate obliquely down in to the soil and give support to the plant
brace roots
They penetrate the tissues of the host and connect to the vascular system, thus becoming part of the host pipelines.
parasitic roots
are adventitious parasitic roots
haustorial roots
are known from 90 percent of plant species and are a mutualistic association of a fungus with plant root tissue.
mycorrhizal roots
spherical structures at the roots of
leguminous plants
nodulea
