Roosevelt and the New Deal (1933-1945)

Question 1

What were the election results in 1933?

Answer 1

Roosevelt/Democrats: 42 states/22 million votes/472 electoral votes
Hoover/Republicans: 6 states/15 million votes/ 59 electoral votes

Question 2

When was FDR inaugurated as President?

Answer 2

1933

Question 3

What was the 1936 election results?

Answer 3

Roosevelt/Democrats: 46 states/27 million votes/ 523 electoral votes
Knox/Republicans: 2 states/ 16 million votes/ 8 electoral votes

Question 4

What party did FDR represent?

Answer 4

Democrats

Question 5

What ideology did FDR abandon?

Answer 5

Laissez-faire and rugged individualism

Question 6

What was FDR’s slogan during the 1932 election campaign?

Answer 6

“Happy days are here again”

Question 7

What ideology did the New Deal open the door to?

Answer 7

Socialism

Question 8

What did FDR’s New Deal stress the importance of?

Answer 8

Rapid national action

Question 9

How did New Deal measure change government?

Answer 9

Increased social and economic intervention and role in federal government

Question 10

What was Roosevelt’s first solution to fixing the Depression and what did it do?

Answer 10

Emergency Banking Act (1933): closed all banks on 5th March 1933 and only reopened those which were inspected and found stable were allowed to reopen on 12th March 1933.

Question 11

What was the affect on the Emergency Banking Act (1933)?

Answer 11

It improved confidence in banks and helped Roosevelt’s public image.

Question 12

What was Roosevelt’s character/personality like?

Answer 12

He was charismatic, confident, humorous, relaxed, and friendly

Question 13

How many people listened (in percentage) to Roosevelt’s foreign policy speech in December 1940?

Answer 13

75% of all Americans

Question 14

What did Roosevelt do at Howard University in 1936?

Answer 14

He was carried out of his car and walked slowly and painfully to the entrance, displaying his fight with polio.

Question 15

When did Roosevelt deliver his first fireside chat and what was it about?

Answer 15

On March 12th 1933, Roosevelt gave his first fireside chat about the banking crisis and more on the Emergency Banking Act, its effects, and what was next.

Question 16

What office did Roosevelt set up to help the President?

Answer 16

Executive Office of the President which had several departments to deal with the administration.

Question 17

How did Roosevelt change staffing in the White House?

Answer 17

He employed more White House staff (e.g. only one person working in mail office under Hoover but 70 under Roosevelt)

Question 18

What was the NRA?

Answer 18

National Recovery Administration: enforced cods of practice for businesses (e.g. working hours and minimum wage). NOT COMPULSORY but people were encouraged to shop at businesses that joined it.

Question 19

What as the AAA?

Answer 19

Agricultural Adjustment Agency: regulated crops and farmers to stop overproduction by subsidsing farmers to grew less and bought up any surplus of crops

Question 20

What was the FERA?

Answer 20

Federal Emergency Relief Administration: gave federal grants of a total of $500 million to states to help fund salaries and help local facilities which benefited the poor.

Question 21

What was the CCC?

Answer 21

Civilian Conservation Corps: Employed young, single men at federally funded jobs on government lands.

Question 22

What did the Tennessee Valley Authority Act (TVA) do and when was it introduced?

Answer 22

Introduced in 1933 to help Tennessee Valley with serious issues like flooding, providing electricity to homes, and replanting forests. By 1934 they employed over 9,000 people and improved the lives of 7 million people.

Question 23

What was Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley?

Answer 23

In 1936, the Alabama Power Company tried to prove to the Supreme Court the TVA was unconstitutional by creating building Wilson Dam and sell the electricity generated there.