Roosevelt and the New Deal (1933-1945) Flashcards
What were the election results in 1933?
Roosevelt/Democrats: 42 states/22 million votes/472 electoral votes
Hoover/Republicans: 6 states/15 million votes/ 59 electoral votes
When was FDR inaugurated as President?
1933
What was the 1936 election results?
Roosevelt/Democrats: 46 states/27 million votes/ 523 electoral votes
Knox/Republicans: 2 states/ 16 million votes/ 8 electoral votes
What party did FDR represent?
Democrats
What ideology did FDR abandon?
Laissez-faire and rugged individualism
What was FDR’s slogan during the 1932 election campaign?
“Happy days are here again”
What ideology did the New Deal open the door to?
Socialism
What did FDR’s New Deal stress the importance of?
Rapid national action
How did New Deal measure change government?
Increased social and economic intervention and role in federal government
What was Roosevelt’s first solution to fixing the Depression and what did it do?
Emergency Banking Act (1933): closed all banks on 5th March 1933 and only reopened those which were inspected and found stable were allowed to reopen on 12th March 1933.
What was the affect on the Emergency Banking Act (1933)?
It improved confidence in banks and helped Roosevelt’s public image.
What was Roosevelt’s character/personality like?
He was charismatic, confident, humorous, relaxed, and friendly
How many people listened (in percentage) to Roosevelt’s foreign policy speech in December 1940?
75% of all Americans
What did Roosevelt do at Howard University in 1936?
He was carried out of his car and walked slowly and painfully to the entrance, displaying his fight with polio.
When did Roosevelt deliver his first fireside chat and what was it about?
On March 12th 1933, Roosevelt gave his first fireside chat about the banking crisis and more on the Emergency Banking Act, its effects, and what was next.
What office did Roosevelt set up to help the President?
Executive Office of the President which had several departments to deal with the administration.
How did Roosevelt change staffing in the White House?
He employed more White House staff (e.g. only one person working in mail office under Hoover but 70 under Roosevelt)
What was the NRA?
National Recovery Administration: enforced cods of practice for businesses (e.g. working hours and minimum wage). NOT COMPULSORY but people were encouraged to shop at businesses that joined it.
What as the AAA?
Agricultural Adjustment Agency: regulated crops and farmers to stop overproduction by subsidsing farmers to grew less and bought up any surplus of crops
What was the FERA?
Federal Emergency Relief Administration: gave federal grants of a total of $500 million to states to help fund salaries and help local facilities which benefited the poor.
What was the CCC?
Civilian Conservation Corps: Employed young, single men at federally funded jobs on government lands.
What did the Tennessee Valley Authority Act (TVA) do and when was it introduced?
Introduced in 1933 to help Tennessee Valley with serious issues like flooding, providing electricity to homes, and replanting forests. By 1934 they employed over 9,000 people and improved the lives of 7 million people.
What was Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley?
In 1936, the Alabama Power Company tried to prove to the Supreme Court the TVA was unconstitutional by creating building Wilson Dam and sell the electricity generated there.
