Rood

Question 1

Contracture:

Answer 1

Fixed posture secondary to shortening or loss of elasticity of ligaments, joint capsule, tendons, and muscles (Preston & Hecht, 1999).

Question 2

Controlled Sensory Stimulation:

Answer 2

Concept that the neural component of tone can be affected by sensory stimuli applied in a specific manner to increase or reduce the electrical charge on interneurons or motor neurons, making them more or less likely fo fire when they receive additional goal-specific stimulation from supraspinal centers.

Question 3

What is the purpose of Facilitating

Answer 3

To make easier.

Question 4

Facilitation:

Answer 4

State of readying neurons to depolarize and propagate an impulse or to make contraction of a muscle or a reflex response more likely.

Question 5

Facilitation techniques:

blood pressure increase.

Answer 5

Controlled sensory stimulation used to increase muscle tone and to produce movement responses.

Question 6

Fight or flight reaction:

Answer 6

Sympathetic autonomic nervous system response to a threat (fear, rage, pain, exposure to cold) that mobilizes the body’s resources for violent action. The Sympathetic reaction redirects blood flow to areas of intense activity, such as muscles and heart, and away from other functions, such as digestion. Among other reactions, the heart rate and blood pressure increase.

Question 7

Flaccidity:

Answer 7

State of lacking tone; the limb feels limp and falls into place when not supported.

Question 8

Inhibit:

Answer 8

To make more difficult.

Question 9

Inhibition:

Answer 9

State of hyperpolarization of neural cell membrane decreasing likelihood of propagating an impulse or to make contraction of a muscle or a reflex response less
likely.

Question 10

Inhibition techniques:

Answer 10

Controlled sensory stimulation used to decrease spasticity.

Question 11

Normalization of tone:

Answer 11

Process of changing excessive tone (hypertonia) or insufficient tone (hypotonia) to a state of normal tone needed for normal motor responses.

Question 12

Spasticity:

Answer 12

State of excessive tone and hyperactive response to stretch. If moderately to severely spastic, the limb feels tight and is difficult to move into position.

Question 13

Rood’s hypothesis states Appropriate Sensory

stimulation Facilitation/inhibition does what?

Answer 13

Increases Reactions of specific motor responses

Question 14

Rood’s hypothesis states Purposeful muscular responses are a result of

Answer 14

Controlled sensory stimulation + Sequence of positions and activities

Question 15

Muscle tone and motor control do what

Approximation of real life context increases tx effectiveness.

Therapist uses “somatic markers” to select interaction methods.

Answer 15

co-effect each other.

Question 16

what patterns co-effect each other.

Answer 16

Flex & Ext.

Question 17

Movement patterns are created by

Answer 17

Repetition of muscular responses

Question 18

Indentation/goal directed do what

Answer 18

co-effect mvt.

Question 19

What increases tx effectiveness.

Answer 19

Approximation of real life context

Question 20

Why do Therapist uses “somatic markers”

Answer 20

to select interaction methods.

Question 21

What are Rood’s treatment goals

Answer 21

To normalize muscle tone.

Development of reflexes to increase voluntary use of muscles.

Question 22

What are the muscle groups

Answer 22

Heavy work and Light work

Question 23

Heavy work muscles

Answer 23

(Stabilizers)
Extensors and abductors
used for postural support

Question 24

Light work

Answer 24

(Mobilizers)
Adductors and flexors
used for skilled movement patterns

Question 25

Except for in feeding and speech muscles what is the order of work muscle activation

Answer 25

The heavy work muscles are activated before the light work muscles

Question 26

Guidelines for Rood treatment

Answer 26

Treatment begins at the developmental level of functioning.

Movement is directed toward a purposeful goal.

Repetition is necessary for the training of muscular responses.

Question 27

Reciprocal Inhibition

Innervation

Answer 27

ReflexiveProvides early mobility patterns Protective function
Phasic (quick) Requires contraction of agonist and relaxation of antagonist

Question 28

Cocontraction

Coinnervation

Answer 28

Provides stability Provides ability to hold a position or an object
Tonic (static) Requires contraction of the agonist and the antagonist

Question 29

Heavy Work

Answer 29

Mobility superimposed on stability (creeping)

Proximal muscles contract and move
vs.
Distal segment is fixed

Question 30

Skill

Answer 30

Highest level of motor control.
Combination of mobility and stability

To execute a skilled pattern: proximal segment is stabilized while distal segment moves freely

Question 31

Rood’s sequential phases of motor control

Answer 31

Reciprocal Inhibition >Cocontraction> Heavy Work> Skills

Question 32

Motor patterns

Answer 32

Supine Flexion
Roll Over
Prone Extension
Neck Cocontraction

Question 33

Four rules of sensory input

Answer 33

Fast brief stimulus > ^ Large synchronous motor input. (reflex arc is intact)

Fast repetitive sensory input > ^ maintained response. (fast brushing)

Maintained sensory input > ^ maintained response. (gravity)

Slow, rhythmical, repetitive sensory input > ^generalized calming effect. (deep pressure)

Question 34

Inhibition

Answer 34

Purpose: To promote a calming, relaxing effect

Touch: Slow, deep, and Continual touch

Environment: Quiet with minimal distractions

Therapist: Use of quiet soothing, calm and slow
tone of voice

Question 35

Facilitation

Answer 35

Purpose: To promote alertness and increase stimulation

Touch: Light and quick touch

Environment: Not distracting, Improves awareness

Therapist: Use of increased volume and tone of voice

Question 36

Techniques Inhibition

Answer 36

Neutral warmth
Gentle rocking or shaking
Slow stroking
Slow rolling
Deep tendon pressure
Joint compression (approximation)
Maintain stretch
Rocking in developmental patterns

Question 37

Techniques Facilitation

Answer 37

Light moving touch
Fast brushing
Icing
Heavy joint compression 
Stretch:
Intrinsic stretch
Secondary ending stretch
Stretch pressure
Resistance
Tapping
Vibration

Question 38

Precautions

Answer 38

Brushing
Icing
Touching
Vibration
Heat

Question 39

Monitoring the client

Answer 39

Size of pupils
Respiration
Quality of voice
Quality if speech
Changes in skin tone
Muscle jerks