Rongies for everything else Flashcards
Inflammatory phase of wound healing
1-10 days
Proliferative phase of wound healing
3-21 days
Maturation phase of wound healing
7 days to 2 years
Primary intention
wounds closed with sutures, staples or adhesives to facilitate re-epithelization.
Secondary intention
wounds close on their own
Tertiary intention
delayed primary intention healing. wounds at risk for developing complications may be left open
Arterial ulcers
Occur from lack of circulation of oxygenated blood (ischemia)
Occur at lower 1/3 of leg, toes, web space smooth edges deep diminished or absent pedal pulse decreased skin temp thin and shiny skin leg elevation increases pain
Venous ulcers
Occur from impaired function of venous system
Occur at proximal to medial malleolus irregular shape shallow normal pedal pulse increased edema normal skin temp flaking, dry skin leg elevation lessens pain
Stage 1 ulcer
intact skin
redness
painful
Stage 2 ulcer
Partial thickness
dermis presenting as shallow open ulcer
intact or ruptured serum filled blister
shiny or dry shallow ulcer
Stage 3 ulcer
Full thickness tissue loss
subcutaneous fat may be visible
Bone, tendon and muscle are not exposed
May have undermining and tunneling
Stage 4 ulcer
Full thickness tissue loss
exposed bone, tendon or muscle
undermining and tunneling may be present
Depth varies by location
Hydrocolloids
moist environment
autolytic debridement
absorb exudate
useful for partial thickness and full thickness wounds
may traumatize skin upon removal
may roll due to friction
can’t be used on infected wounds
Hydrogel
contain water and gel-forming materials moisture retentive used on superficial and partial thickness wounds autolytic debridement can be used as coupling agent for US
can’t be used on wounds with significant drainage
typically requires second dressing
Superficial partial thickness burn
involves epidermis and upper dermis
may have blisters
healing w min to no scarring in 5-21 days
Deep partial thickness burn
complete destruction of epidermis and majority of dermis
damage to nerve endings
hypertrophic and keloid scarring may occur
healing in 21-35 days
Full thickness burn
destruction of epidermis, dermis and partial subcutaneous fat Eschar formation require grafts susceptible to infection weeks to months to heal
subdermal burn
may involve everything else plus muscle and bone
requires surgery and excessive healing time
Pituitary gland
size of a pea
located at base of brain beneath hypothalmus
Releases hormones that regulate other endocrine glands
Adrenal cortex
Contains Androgen: targets ovaries and testes
Aldosterone: targets kidneys
Cortisol: targets GI system
Adrenal Medulla
Contains Epinephrine: targets cardiovascular and metabolic systems, increase HR, energy and vasodilation
Norepinephrine: targets cardiovascular and metabolic systems, vasoconstriction in skin, viscera and skeletal muscles
Type 1 diabetes
abrupt onset <25 years old
5-10% of all cases
caused by destruction of islet of langerhans cells
little to no insulin production
ketoacidosis can occur
treatment includes insulin, exercise and diet
Type 2 diabetes
Gradual onset >40 years old
90-95% of all cases
caused by resistance at insulin receptor sites
variable insulin production
ketoacidosis rarely occurs
treatment includes weight loss, oral insulin and diet
CAUTION symptoms of cancer
C - change in bowel or bladder A - a sore that will not heal U - unusual bleeding/discharge T - thickening/lump develops I - indegestion or difficulty swallowing O - obvious change in wart or mole N - nagging cough
Seat height/leg length
19.5-20.5 inches
Seat depth
16 inches
