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Romeo And Juliet > Romeo > Flashcards

Romeo Flashcards

1
Q

Our first meeting of Romeo establishes him as a…?

A

Melancholy character, unhappily in love and a stereotypical courtly lover

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2
Q

How does Shakespeare establish Romeo as a melancholic, courtly lover?

A

Through symbolic locations and actions (wandering in the sycamore (sickamour) grove; through Montague’s descriptions of him as a ‘heavy son’, avoiding the light

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3
Q

Romeo’s first words are full of exclamations but also slightly cryptic puns, oxymorons and antithesis, such as…?

A

‘O brawling love, O loving hate/O heavy lightness, serious vanity’

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4
Q

What do Romeo’s antitheses and oxymorons suggest about him?

A

He is conflicted; partly because he is unhappy and unrequitedly in love

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5
Q

What is a line that sums up Romeo’s attitude to the feud?

A

‘What fray was here? Tell me not for I have heard it all’ - he is uninterested

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6
Q

What does Benvolio suggest that Romeo gives ‘liberty’ to?

A

His eyes: ‘examine other beauties’

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7
Q

When Romeo sees Juliet his language shifts dramatically - how?

A

Instead of using contradictory language (oxymorons and antitheses), he uses richly poetic and hyperbolic elevating language to describe Juliet

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8
Q

Romeo’s language about Juliet keeps returning to a key trope - what is it?

A

Light - Juliet teaches the torches to ‘burn bright’ and is compared in the balcony scene to a series of radiant things (the moon, the stars)

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9
Q

When Romeo and Juliet meet, they spontaneously share what?

A

A sonnet (that ends with a kiss)

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10
Q

The sonnet that R and J share contrasts strongly with the earthy and material language used about love by Sampson and Gregory and which two other characters?

A

The Nurse and Mercutio

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11
Q

In a key plot moment, Tybalt identifies R as a gatecrasher and wants to fight him, calling him a ‘villain’: how does this set up the action at the climax?

A

When Capulet stops Tybalt fighting Romeo, he merely waits and challenges him, coming to find him on the streets in 3.1

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12
Q

For Romeo love proves stronger than the honour code in which phase of action?

A

The rising action

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13
Q

Why does Shakespeare use religious imagery for Romeo and Juliet in the pilgrim/shrine sonnet?

A

In order to elevate their love above the other language used about relationships

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14
Q

Mercutio tries to stop Romeo from heading to Capulet’s orchard by what method?

A

Teasing him with crude sexual jokes about conjuring up Rosaline’s ‘quivering thigh’ to tempt him back

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15
Q

In the balcony scene all of the imagery (and even Romeo’s eyes) are focused…?

A

Upwards - the implied proxemics of the scene are all turned towards the night sky - with Juliet as the brighter light

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16
Q

How does the language of Romeo and Juliet contrast in the balcony scene?

A

He is very poetic and hyperbolic - he is reckless and single-minded; she is cautious and wary

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17
Q

In what ways are Romeo and Juliet similar in the balcony scene?

A

They both offer to give up their name and deny their fathers etc - showing Shakespeare presents their love as something that takes them out of society

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18
Q

Juliet asks Romeo very directly, ‘How camest thou hither…?’ But he answers…

A

Poetically: ‘with love’s light wings did I o’erperch these walls’

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19
Q

Towards the end of the balcony scene, the idea of time and the dangers of rushed love are raised by Juliet, who says:…?

A

‘I have no joy of this contract tonight/It is too rash, too unadvised, too sudden’

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20
Q

In 2.3 Romeo makes a witty reference to his mutual love when he tells FL…?

A

‘On a sudden one hath wounded me/That’s by me wounded’ (a reference to Cupid and his arrow, with the balancing phrasing reinforcing that this is mutual love

21
Q

FL says to Romeo…’women may fall when there’s no strength in men’ when he finds out about Juliet, which means

A

He thinks Romeo is changeable and fickle

22
Q

Romeo stands ‘on sudden haste’ but FL reminds him that…

A

‘they stumble that run fast’ - yet another reference to time that warns the young lover(s) of the dangers of too sudden love

23
Q

Mercutio mocks Romeo with references to Petrarch and tragic heroines because…

A

He is cross that Romeo left them after the party

24
Q

When the Nurse appears, Mercutio draws Romeo in crude sexual banter, calling her…?

A

A pimp or an old prostitute

25
Q

They also mock the Nurse for her size/shape, calling out…?

A

‘a sail, a sail’ and saying ‘her fan’s the fairer face’

26
Q

When the young men meet the Nurse in the street Shakespeare presents them in an unattractive way, yet…

A

it is mainly Mercutio that leads this crude sexual banter

27
Q

When Romeo and the Nurse are planning the wedding night, she nearly tells Romeo what story

A

The one about Juliet falling…She is also tactless in her references to Paris being ‘the properer man’ in a largely comic ending to the scene

28
Q

When FL marries R and J his language echoes that of who when he first sees Juliet?

A

Romeo - FL uses hyperbolic language to describe Juliet as having ‘so light a foot’ that will ‘ne’er wear out the everlasting flint

29
Q

FL’s marriage homily warns R and J about the dangers of too sudden love…eg

A

‘These violent delights have violent ends’, also comparing them to fire and powder

30
Q

In 3.1 Romeo is determined not to fight Tybalt and endures his insults like ‘villain’. Mercutio calls this…?

A

A ‘calm dishonourable, vile submission’ showing the profound influence of the honour code on him

31
Q

Romeo and Benvolio try to stop the fight, reminding T and M of the Prince’s threat but M is hurt…?

A

Under R’s arm (ironically)

32
Q

On Mercutio’s death, the forces of love and honour (and the instinct for revenge) come together for Romeo in which lines…?

A

‘O sweet Juliet/Thy beauty hath made me effeminate and…softened valor’s steel’

33
Q

Romeo as revenger quote?

A

‘Mercutio’s soul [is over our heads]/Either thou or I or both must go with him’

34
Q

When R kills Tybalt he makes the first of many references to fate, saying…

A

‘Oh I am fortune’s fool’

35
Q

Juliet uses antitheses to describe Romeo when she learns of Tybalt’s death, such as…

A

‘Serpent heart hid with a flowering face’

36
Q

3.3 is a scene which shows just how similar Romeo and Juliet have become…how?

A

Parallel to J’s scene with the Nurse in 3.2 - both weeping and threatening to die - J says ‘death take my maidenhead’, R says, ‘Be merciful say death’ [rather than banishment] when FL comes with the news of the Prince’s (commuted) sentence

37
Q

3.3 shows a contrast between age and youth…how?

A

With FL’s measured, even gentle teasing of Romeo’s hysterical and emotional language

38
Q

Later in 3.3. FL becomes angry with R..saying?

A

‘’O rude unthankfulness’ followed by his long speech with the refrain (after listing elements of R’s good luck’, ‘there art thou lucky’, and saying he has a ‘a pack of blessings’ upon his back

39
Q

in 3.3., in another scene which links male emotion to womanliness, FL says…

A

‘Unseemly woman in a seeming man’

40
Q

3.5 has the lovers final parting: Shakespeare presents them through…

A

Antitheses - larks and toads, light vs dark (tonal shift)

41
Q

5.1 Romeo hears the news of J’s supposed death and immediately goes to buy…?

A

Poison from the v poor apothecary

42
Q

In his speech to the apothecary, the theme of money is introduced: it is compared unfavourably with…?

A

Poison: ‘there is thy gold, worse poison to men’s souls’

43
Q

Romeo is often portrayed as being on a journey/looking for something - a wanderer initially, a pilgrim: now he is focused on…’

A

Death and the defiance of fate - ‘I defy you stars’

44
Q

In the graveyard, Romeo speaks the language of the revenger to B and P: eg?

A

His threat to B (if he spies on him):’ I will tear thee joint by joint’ and ‘have at thee, boy’ (to Paris)

45
Q

In his final scene 5.3, Shakespeare once again portrays Juliet as a radiant presence for Romeo..eg?

A

‘her beauty makes this vault a feasting presence full of light’

46
Q

In a final quest/journeying image, Romeo links the poison to..?

A

‘A guide…a desperate pilot’ that will shipwreck (kill) him

47
Q

FL blames R’s death on ‘chance’, whilst R sees it as…?

A

Fateful

48
Q

When the Prince greets Montague he says his son and heir is…

A

‘Early down’ suggesting the horrible inverse world the feud has created: young die before the old

49
Q

Capulet offers to raise a ‘rich’ gold statue of Romeo - Shakespeare suggests that even at the end the families are…

A

Competing after the feud has ended: see Montague’s ‘I can give thee more’ [than the initial handshake of peace that C offers’)

Romeo And Juliet (6 decks)

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