Rome Unit 1 Flashcards
Who was Aeneas?
Son of Anchises and Venus (Aphrodite)
What is Aeneas
He fought in the Trojan War, Symbol of duty and destiny.
How is Aeneas related to the Julii?
Same way Ody is related to Hermes
What is the Julii?
Julius Caeser clan
How is Aenaes related to Rome?
Founder of Rome
Who was Romulus?
Son of Mars (god of war, Ares) and Rhea Silvia, Twin brother of Remus.
What did Romulus accomplish?
Romulus founded the Rome, built its army and population, created its early government, and Orchestrated the Sabine Women.
When was Rome founded?
753 BC
Who was Numa Pompilius?
Second king of Rome. My just, calm, and philosophical king.
What did Numa Pompilius accomplish?
Created the Vestal Virgins, temples and the calendar. Made Rome more peaceful through religion.
Who was Tullus Hostilius?
Third King of Rome. The cunt who made Numa look like a sap.
What did Tullus Hostilius do?
Expanded Roman territory, oversaw the legend of the Horatii and Curiatii, disrespected religious traditions and then died being struck by lightening.
Who were the Horatii?
The triplets who fought on the mountain and conquered Alba Longa. Surviving brother killed his sister.
Who was Ancus Marcius?
The dragon warrior who combined both religion and war. Related to my baddie Numa.
What did Ancus Marcius accomplish and construct?
Built the first bridge over the Tiber River, founded the port city of Ostia, built Rome’s first prison, kept up religious traditions.
Who was Lucius Tarquinius Priscus?
Fifth king of Rome, first Etruscan king. This is where it starts to get messy.
What did Lucius Tarquinius do?
Making the city wealthier, grander, and more powerful. Built the Cloaca Maxima (Rome’s sewer system), and
starting construction on the Circus Maximus, doubled the size of the Senate.
What elements of Etruscan culture did Lucius Tarquinius bring to Rome?
Introduced Etruscan symbols of royalty—like the purple robe, ivory throne, and golden crown.
How did Lucius Tarquinius die?
He was assassinated by the sons of Ancus Marcius. His wife Tanaquil covered it up until their protégé, Servius Tullius, could take the throne.
Who was Servius Tullius?
Sixth king of Rome, the slave.
What did Servius Tullius contribute to Rome?
He did the Servian Constitution
What is the Servian Constitution?
A major set of reforms by Servius Tullius; Census and social classes, the army was reorganized into a class-based system, Rome was divided into tribes and civic units, the Senate became more influential in the political process, allowed for more involvement from Rome’s middle and lower classes.
Who is Tarquinius Superbus?
The final king of Rome, came to power after assassinating Servius Tullius.
What did Tarquinius Superbus do?
The completion of the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, a harsh and oppressive ruler- ignoring the Senate - and disregarded Roman traditions so no one liked him.
Why was Tarquinius kicked out?
The rape of Lucretia by his son Sextus Tarquinius.
Who kicked Tarquinius out?
Lucius Junius Brutus, his nephew.
Who is Lucius Junius Brutus?
First consul of Rome, Brutus is most famous for the tragic execution of his own sons, they were planning to bring back monarchy so he had to kill them.
Who was Publius Horatius Cocles?
a legendary Roman hero known for his bravery and self-sacrifice in defending Rome from the Etruscan army after the kingdom thing.
What did Publius Horatius Cocles do?
Defended the Pons Sublicius during the invasion by Lars Porsena.
Who was Gaius Mucius Scaevola?
Mucius volunteered to sneak into the Etruscan camp and kill Lars Porsena and accidentally killed the wrong person.
Why is Gaius Mucius Scaevola important?
After being captured, guy declared that he was one of many Romans prepared to die for their city. To prove his fearlessness he burned the shit out of his hand w no reaction. Is now remembered as symbol of Roman bravery, self-sacrifice, and resolve.
How many kings of Rome were there?
7
Who was Poplicola?
An important Roman statesman and consul during the founding of the Roman Republic, His name means “friend of the people”.
What did Poplicola do?
Helped overthrow the monarchy, Led Roman forces in defending Rome against Etruscan attacks, After being accused of aiming for power, he lowered his fasces (symbols of authority) in public to show respect for the people.
Who were the Patricians ?
The elite class, made up of wealthy landowners and aristocratic families. Claimed ancestry from Rome’s founding families. Held most of the political, religious, and military power early on. Could become senators, consuls, and priests.
Who were the Plebians?
The common people—farmers, laborers, craftsmen, and merchants. Had little political power at first. Couldn’t originally hold high office or marry patricians. Over time, they fought for and gained more rights, including the right to elect their own officials (Tribunes) and pass laws.
What were the laws of the Twelve Tables?
The Twelve Tables were Rome’s first written code of law, making legal rules equal for citizens, especially during the struggle between Patricians and Plebeians.
When was Rome sacked?
390 BC
Who was Brennus?
Most famous for leading the sack of Rome
Why remember Brennus?
Brennus became a symbol of Rome’s greatest early humiliation.
Who was Camillus?
Roman general and statesman, the “Second Founder of Rome”
What did Camillus do?
10-year siege against Veii, exiled over a political dispute (accused of misusing war spoils). But when Rome was attacked by the Gauls, he was called back to defend the city.
How did Rome expand to take over Italy?
A combination of military conquest, alliances, and smart diplomacy, (they kept fighting wars until they defeated everybody around them).
