ROMANTICISM/TRANSCENDENTALISM Flashcards by Berkley Bryant

Q

what category is the Values feeling and intuition over reason.

A

Romanticism

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Q

what category is the Places faith in inner experience and the power of the imagination.

A

Romanticism

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Q

what category Shuns the artificiality of civilization and seeks unspoiled nature.

A

Romanticism

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Q

what category Contemplates nature’s beauty as a path to spiritual and moral development.

A

Romanticism

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Q

what category Prefers youthful innocence to educated sophistication

A

Romanticism

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Q

what category Champions individual freedom and the worth of the individual.

A

Romanticism

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Q

what category Looks backward to the wisdom of the past and distrusts progress.

A

Romanticism

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Q

what category Finds beauty and truth in exotic locales, the supernatural realm, and in the inner world of the imagination

A

Romanticism

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Q

what category Sees poetry as the highest expression of the imagination.

A

Romanticism

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Q

what category Finds inspiration in myth, legend, and folk culture.

A

Romanticism

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Q

what category Looked backward to established European traditions

A

American Poetry - Fireside Poets

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Q

what category had The most popular poets America ever produced

A

American Poetry - Fireside Poets

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Q

what category was Memorized and recited for years

A

American Poetry - Fireside Poets

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Q

what category had Comforting topics rather than challenging topics

A

American Poetry - Fireside Poets

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Q

what category Could be “preachy” and didactic

A

American Poetry - Fireside Poets

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Q

what category had Pleasing style; not innovative

A

American Poetry - Fireside Poets

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Q

what category had “Cross of Snow” & “Bells”

A

American Poetry - Fireside Poets

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Q

what category was Originated in Europe

A

Gothic / Dark - Romantic Escapism

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Q

what category had Wild, haunted landscapes

A

Gothic / Dark - Romantic Escapism

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Q

what category had Supernatural events

A

Gothic / Dark - Romantic Escapism

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Q

what category had Edgar Allan Poe

A

Gothic / Dark - Romantic Escapism

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Q

what category was exotic

A

Gothic / Dark - Romantic Escapism

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Q

what category was Contemplation of nature

A

Nature - Romantic Escapism

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Q

what category had Lyric poems, which express thoughts and feelings

A

Nature - Romantic Escapism

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what category Commonplace object or event leads to deep insight(s)

Nature - Romantic Escapism

what category was Like Puritans, more contemplating and inner life

Nature - Romantic Escapism

where did a place of idealized opportunity, chance for social/ economic mobility occur

Cities

where did now crowded and dirty areas occur

Cities

where did rapid spread of disease occur

Cities

where did crime and violence, gangs occur

Cities

where did Industrial Revolution occur

Cities

where did William Cullen Bryant’s idea for Central Park initiated occur

Cities

whos Characteristics are young or possesses youthful qualities

American Romantic Hero

whos Characteristics are innocent and pure of purpose

American Romantic Hero

whos Characteristics are a sense of honor based not on society’s rules but on some higher principle

American Romantic Hero

whos Characteristics are a knowledge of people and of life based on deep, intuitive understanding, not on formal learning

American Romantic Hero

whos Characteristics are Loves nature and avoids town life

American Romantic Hero

whos Characteristics are Quests for some higher truth in the natural world

American Romantic Hero

what was a Offshoot of Romanticism

Transcend

to go beyond the limits of; exceed; be above and independent of the physical universe.

what well-educated people, mostly New Englanders

Origin of Transcendentalism

what stared the time for literary independence–deliberately different from anything in Europe – something uniquely American

Origin of Transcendentalism

what was strongly influenced by Deism

Origin of Transcendentalism

what Deists believe that God created the universe but remains apart from it and permits his creation to administer itself through natural Laws.

Origin of Transcendentalism

what stresses the importance of ethical conduct

Origin of Transcendentalism

“to transcend"

move from the rational to a spiritual realm

whos Beliefs Intuition, not reason, is the highest human faculty

Transcendental Beliefs

whos Beliefs are to Rejection of materialism

Transcendental Beliefs

whos Beliefs are Simplicity is the path to spiritual greatness

Transcendental Beliefs

whos Beliefs are Nature is a source of truth & inspiration

Transcendental Beliefs

whos Beliefs are Non-conformity, individuality & self-reliance

Transcendental Beliefs

whos Beliefs are God is everywhere – in Nature and Man

Transcendental Beliefs

whos Beliefs are All objects are miniature versions of the universe

Transcendental Beliefs

whos Beliefs are to Unlike the Puritans, who humans as inherently evil, transcendentalists saw humans and nature as possessing an innate goodness.

Transcendental Beliefs

whos His father owned a pencil factory

Henry David Thoreau

who and John set up a school in 1838 but it collapsed a few years later after John became ill

Henry David Thoreau

who Over the years his famous work Walden has inspired many naturalists, environmentalists, and writers.

Henry David Thoreau

whos attitudes and studies of nature were radical for the time period, but today many consider him the “father of environmentalism.”

Henry David Thoreau

who wrote “Walden, or Life in the Woods” “Civil Disobedience”

Henry David Thoreau

who Went on to Harvard divinity school → Became a Unitarian minister

Ralph Waldo Emerson

who 1829 married Ellen Tucker, who died a few years later of tuberculosis

Ralph Waldo Emerson

whos wifes death caused religious doubt, which resulted in his resignation from the clergy

Ralph Waldo Emerson

who In 1840s founded & co-edited the literary magazine The Dial, w/ Margaret Fuller

Ralph Waldo Emerson

who was the official publication of Transcendentalists until 1844

Ralph Waldo Emerson

who Published two volumes of essays in 1841 and 1844 including “Self-Reliance,” which is among his best-known works

Ralph Waldo Emerson

what said “There is a time in every man’s education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is ignorance; that imitation is suicide…”

“Self-Reliance”

what said “For nonconformity the world whips you with its displeasure.”

“Self-Reliance”

what said “To be great is to be misunderstood.”

“Self-Reliance”

what said “What lies behind us and what lies before us are small matters compared to what lies within us.”

“Self-Reliance”

what said “I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.”

“Walden, or Life in the Woods”

what said “Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity! I say, let your affairs be as two or three, and not a hundred or a thousand.”

“Walden, or Life in the Woods”

what said “Heaven is under our feet as well as over our heads.”

“Walden, or Life in the Woods”

what said “If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer. Let him step to the music which he hears, however measured or far away.”

“Walden, or Life in the Woods”

what said “Men have become the tools of their tools.”

“Walden, or Life in the Woods”

what said essay urging passive, nonviolent resistance to governmental policies to which an individual is morally opposed

“Civil Disobedience”

what was Written after Thoreau spent a night in jail for refusing to pay a poll tax.

“Civil Disobedience”

what Influenced individuals such as Ghandi and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

“Civil Disobedience”

what was writen when The $1.50 tax revenues went to the government which was waging, according to Thoreau, an unjust war against Mexico that would expand slavery.

“Civil Disobedience”

What is intuition?

gut feeling

Define Romanticism:

a literary movement that is dramatic and entertaining emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual. (self-reliance)

3 subcategories of Romanticism:

Dark/Gothic, Fireside, Transcendentalism

What century did Romanticism begin?

19th → 1800’s

Define sublime:

of such excellence, grandeur, or beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe

Where do the Romantics look for truth?

Nature

Romantics value:

less-religious, nature, self-reliance, innocence in materialistics, native, simplicity, mindfulness, non-materialistic

What ends Romanticism:

Civil War, 1861

Rhythm of Prose mimics:

human speech

How do you get Rhythm of Prose in your writing?

Vary sentence length → short sentences = emphasis

Parlour Soldier:

not engaging with life “Battle of Fate” → “Back-Seat Driver”, “Armchair QB”

city doll

fail, give up, complain

sturdy lad

stable, well-respected, lands on his feet like a cat, brave & successful, faces failure & tries again. They have their life together and organized

Why do we need to retain the Spirit of Infancy in adulthood?

To keep us young & shed our years, so we can admire nature and truly see it. The pile on of years takes away the enjoyment & awe. → stars: stars in the sky everyday, we don’t care.