Romantic

Question 0

Heiligenstadt Testament

Answer 0

Letter written Beethoven to his brothers Carl and Johann on Oct 6th 1802.

It reflects his despair over his increasing deafness and his desire to complete his artistic destiny.

It was never shown to any one by Beethoven, and discovered after his death.

Question 1

Name and describe Beethoven’s three periods

Answer 1

1. Period of Imitation (1792-1801)

Beethoven mimics classical style, Studies with Haydn

2. Heroic Period (1802-1814)

Begins to go deaf, supercharges his music with Emotion.

3. Period of Reflection (1815-1827)

Beethoven completely deaf. Music becomes introspective.

Question 2

Eroica

Answer 2

Beethovens 3rd symphony. First romantic work. 1st movement development outweighs exposition. Abrupt changes in key.

Question 3

Character variation

Answer 3

Character pieces with uses of variation techniques. Gives sense of story.

Question 4

Missa Somemnis

Answer 4

Beethoven (reflective period)

Mass in D major. Considered by some to be one of LVBs supreme achievements.

Question 5

Second Berlin School

Answer 5

Strived for folk-like simplicity. (volkston or volkstumlichkeit). Karl Zelter and johann zumsteeg belong to this school.

Question 6

Karl Zelter

Answer 6

1758-1832

One of the leaders of the 2nd Berlin School. Wrote roughly 200 lieder in his life.

Question 7

Ballad

Answer 7

Form of verse, often a narrative to music.

Question 8

Johann Zumsteeg

Answer 8

1760-1802

Second Berlin school. Prolific composer of lieders and ballads

Question 9

Lenore

Answer 9

Ballad by Johann Zumsteeg

Question 10

Franz Shubert

Answer 10

1797-1828

Volkston- didn’t compose for stage. Played for his friends. Wrote hundreds of lieder and Song cycles. Composer viewed equally with poet for first time.

Modified strophic design.

Works include
Erklonig
Gretchen om spinnrade
Die Schone mullerin
Winterreise

Question 11

Gioacchino Rossini

Answer 11

1792-1868

Opera composer.

Librettist was Cesare Sterbini

Barber of Seville (1816)
La cenerentola (1817)

Question 12

Carl Maria Von Weber

Answer 12

1786-1826

Libretto by Friedrich Kind

Considered one of the first significant opera composers of Romantic school. Developed the leitmotif technique to an unprecedented degree.

Der Freischutz
Euryanthe
Oberon

Question 13

Der Freischutz

Answer 13

1821. Composed by Carl Maria Von Weber. Libretto by Friedrich Kind.

Considered the first important German romantic opera

Question 14

Winterreise

Answer 14

(Winter journey, 1828)

2nd famous song cycle by Schubert, poetry from willhem muller.

Early in the song cycle the wanderer sings about his lost beloved. As the work continues he sings of abject loneliness, longing for death, and glimpses of delusional hope.

Question 15

Felix Mendelssohn

Answer 15

Responsible for the creation of an orchestra genre in which content was indicated by title.

Also established the independent genre of the concert overture with his overture to A Midsummer Nights Dream.

Question 16

Concert overture

Answer 16

1 movement orchestral piece. Normally takes sonata form. Therefore not meant to outline narratives, but rather it’s themes capture elements of extra musical subject matter. Thus deamed characteristic, not programmatic.

Question 17

Franz Liszt

Answer 17

Pianist, cult of virtuosity.

Later invented the symphonic poem.

Question 18

Symphonic poem

Answer 18

1 movement. Illustrstes the content of a poem or narrative.