Roman Test Flashcards
Etruscan Origin
From Eastern Mediterranean, possibly Asia Minor
Etruscan Political system and Military
Census- count of people living in the Roman society to have a organized government. Monarchies-several kings
Military- armies moved by horseback. The military was extremely violent. Conquered neighboring tribes, north and south. Organized and resourceful
Etruscan language and religion
Language: alphabet similar to Greeks, but not deciphered. Over 10,000 Etruscan inscriptions. Religion: Polytheistic. Believed in prophecy and reading signs of nature by augurs.
Etruscan Arts
Art for religious purposes. Life depictions.
Etruscan Economy and Technology
Economy: Produced goods from metals. Household goods. Armor and Weapons. Technology: Roads, Bridges. Aqueducts (big systems to get water from rivers and lakes to the city.
Etruscan Recreation and Social Groups
Recreation: Death and sports related. Wrestling, boxing, climbing greased poles, discus throwing. Dog vs man fighting, chariot racing. Bloodshed pleased the gods. Social Groups: Hierarchy. Kings at the top (rulers and military leaders.) Wealthy people get more equal rights (owned land and farmed land.) Poor people worked the land.
Myth VS Reality regarding the founding of Rome
King Amulius sent a servant to throw the babies into a river. A wolf named, Lupa, came and took the babies into her cave. One day a shepherd came and raised the babies with Lupa and his wife. The babies names were Romulus and Remus. One day a person came and they told both the boys that they were in the business of royalty. They had the opportunity to name a city. Romulus named it and the next day Remus died. Reality: : Rome founded around 750 BC.
Romulus and Remus
Romulus and Remus were both babies of Princess Rhea Silvia. They both founded the city, but Romulus won the contest and named the city Rome. The next day Remus died.
Aeneus
Fought in the Trojan War. Fled Troy as Troy was being sacked by the Greeks and went to Italy and there he found the Roman Culture.
Mars
GOD OF WAR :l
Lupa and Amulius
Lupa: She-Wolf who took care of Romulus and Remus in her cave.
Amulius: He sent his servant to throw the babies in the Tiber River so the babies could never take the King’s power.
Consuls and Magistrates
Consuls are a part of the Magistrates. Ruler of Roman Republic. Highest Authority and they were elected by the Centuriate Assembly.
Tribunes
“Tribune” was the title of several elected elected officials in Rome. The most important tribune was the Plebeian Tribune which had one plebeian leader. The military tribunes were also important; they commanded portions of the Roman but were beneath higher magistrates like consuls and praetors.
Senate
They were a very prestigious governing body and controlled the money. They mostly represented the interests of noble patrician families.
Patricians and Plebeians
Patricians were the upper or higher class in the Ancient Rome Society. Plebeians were the lower class of the Ancient Rome Society.
Dictator
Someone who rules a city according to their rules. In times of emergency, the consuls could nominate a dictator to be a special magistrate. The dictator would have special powers that a ruler normally wouldn’t have. He had these powers so that he could help Rome out of a difficult situation or a war; and then after a few months, his power would expire and things would go back to normal.
3 Branches of Government
Legislative= senate, Executive = 2 consuls, Judicial= Praetors
US Government VS Roman Republic
Executive: US: PRESIDENT ROMAN: CONSULS
LEGISLATIVE: US: SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. ROME: SENATE AND ASSEMBLIES
JUDICIAL: US: SUPREME COURT ROME: PRAETORS
Ancient Rome Language
Alphabet derived from Greece. Uppercase only. Wax Tablets in future.
Ancient Rome Religion
The Ancient Romans had a polytheistic religion meaning they had many gods. They got their gods from the Greeks.
Ancient Rome art and mosaics
Mosaics: art on floors and walls of villas and it showed wealth
Classical Architecture: temples, public buildings, Roman forums.
Ancient Rome Sports and Recreation/Schools/Classrooms
Sports/Recreation: Gladiator games at the Colosseum. Chariot Races at Circus Maximus. Education: Taught by parents. Women did housework. Men were taught reading,writing, and other school education. Children at home taught by slaves.
Ancient Rome Food/Drink, Health/Medicine, Housing
Food/Drink: Breads, beans,spices. Dinner was the most important and elaborate meal. Healthcare: natural medicine, herbs & spices.Housing: Patricians had houses and Plebeians lived in 10 story apartments.
Ancient Rome Villas/Apartments/Townhouses and Citylife
Patricians had houses made out of stone and marble and plebeians lived in 10 story apartment buildings. Citylife: Center of life=Forum. Poor to middleclass lived outside the city. Wealthy people lived near or in the city.
Ancient Rome Law and order and punishment/Trade and Travel
Much crime-large city. Theft. Vandalism. Trade/Travel: Traders and travelers canoe to and from the city. Wealthy traveled for fun. Traded exotic goods: instruments, bottles & jars, board games, linens.
Twelve Tables Background/Dates and Causes
460 BC. A set of laws were needed. Struggle betweem patricians and plebeians.
Significance/Rights of Individuals/Purpose/Fairness VS Unfairness.
Significance: To make everyone know it, make it to apply to everyone, written on stone to make it public. Right of Individuals: In one of the laws it says that a father has full power over his children and he could sell or kill them. In another law it says that woman have to always have a bodyguard when they are out in public. Twelve Tables made to give rights to Plebeians. Plebeians could not marry Patricians. Before the Twelve Tables patricians got to choose their laws and when the Twelve Tables came it was more fair to patricians and plebeians.
Legions/Centuries
Legions: Soldiers divided up into 5400 soldiers
Centuries: Divided into 80 soldiers
Armor
Armor provided by government. Strong armor, strips of iron on armor and weapons
Who fought?
Citizens fought for 20 years and at the end they were given money prize. Non citizens fought to become a citizen for 25 years.
Benefits of the army
Prize money, provided free armor with strips of iron.
Challenges in army
Danger and you cant go wherever you want. Extremely violent.
