Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Latin Level Two > Roman Life > Flashcards

Roman Life Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Latin flashcards
1
Q

What four things were the Britons skilled at?

A

Metalworking, carpentry, weaving, and farming.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What did the Britons export? [10]

A

Copper, tin, grain, cattle, gold, silver, iron, hides, hunting dogs, and slaves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What did all Celtic tribes have in common in the time of the arrival of the Romans? [3]

A
  • Spoke Celtic language
  • Used weapons of iron
  • Were ruled by kings or queens advised by a council of warriors.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was a chieftain?

A

A wealthy landowner who controlled a small area of land and owed loyalty to his monarch.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was Celtic art characterized by? [3]

A
  • Abstract rhythmic patterns
  • Spiral curves
  • Stylized imaginary animals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who were Druids?

A

Priests of Celtic religion, who also acted as judges in disputes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What did Druids do? [3]

A
  • Kept oral traditions and knowledge of the tribe
  • Worshipped their gods in sacred woodlands with ceremonies that could include human sacrifice.
  • Encouraged resistance to the Romans.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who was the first Roman to invade Britain? When?

A

Julius Caesar in 55 BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How did Julius Caesar describe Britain?

A
  • Inhabitants were fierce warriors
  • Lived on good agricultural land
  • Country was rich in timber and minerals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How did Julius Caesar’s invasion turn out? [3]

A
  • Required Celtic tribes to pay tribute to Rome and provide hostages.
  • Installed King in southeast province.
  • Britain not conquered, no legions left behind.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What did Strabo say about Britain?

A

Rome was able to earn as much from the island by taxing its trade as by conquering it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which Roman Emperor planned to invade Britain in 39 AD, but aborted the mission?

A

Caligula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which Roman Emperor successfully invaded Britain? When?

A

Claudius in 43 AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why did Claudius want to invade Britain?

A

He needed a great military victory to prove himself as Emperor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who led Claudius’ campaign into Britain?

A

His General, Aulus Plautius, and he later became the first governor of the province.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How did the Britons feel about the Roman occupation?

A

The higher class liked them, as it gave them a better quality of life, some of them hated them, and others were indifferent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What were some positive affects of Roman occupation in Britain? [2]

A

Shared in Roman prosperity and way of life, towns and roads were built.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why did some Britons not like the Romans? [2]

A

Taxes, and the Roman governor backed by Roman soldiers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When did the Romans cease to defend Britain?

A

410 AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The Romans would treat the Celtic tribes tolerantly if…

A

…they fit into the Roman system of law, order, and profitable trade.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Who was Cogidubnus king of?

A

The Regnenses, formally the Atrebates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

After he was appointed King by the Romans, what was he awarded?

A

Roman citizenship, and allowed to add two of the Emperor’s names to his own (Tiberius Claudius)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cogidubnus was known as a what?

A

Client King

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What was Cogidubnus responsible for? [3]

A

Collecting taxes, keeping peace, and keeping the southern region loyal to Rome while legions attempted to conquer the North.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How did Cogidubnus publicly declare his loyalty to Rome? What affect did that have on Britain?

A

By dedicating a temple to Roman gods instead of Celtic ones, which acted as a reminder of Roman power and helped to unify the province.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Who was Cartimandua the queen of?

A

Brigantes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How did Cartimandua help the Romans?

A

By openly welcoming them, and turning over Caratacus (a Welsh leader) to the Romans when he came to her looking for asylum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What did Cartimandua receive in return for helping the Romans?

A

They helped her twice in quelling rebellions in her tribe.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Who was Boadicea the queen of?

A

Iceni

30
Q

Why did Boadicea raise a rebellion against the Romans?

A

When her husband, the King, died he made the emperor co-heir to try to save his kingdom. Roman soldiers ignored the will and took the land and property. When Boudica tried to resist, she was flogged and her virgin daughters raped.

31
Q

When did Boadicea raise a rebellion against the Romans?

A

60 AD

32
Q

What happened in Boadicea rebellion? How did it end?

A

She looted and destroyed Roman towns, including Londinium, and killed all the inhabitants. Suetonius, the governor at the time, confronted her, and despite being vastly outnumbered, defeated her. She then killed herself.

33
Q

How was Boadicea regarded by the Romans?

A

As an unnatural, dangerous and fascinating woman.

34
Q

How did the Fishbourne Palace begin?

A

It started as a villa with a set of baths in 60 AD, and was remodelled in 75 AD.

35
Q

Who owned the Fishbourne Palace?

A

The owner is not known, but historians suspect it might have belonged to Cogidubnus.

36
Q

When was the Fishbourne Palace rediscovered?`

A

In 1962, by workmen digging a trench. They discovered 100 rooms and 20 intact mosaic floors.

37
Q

Describe the Fishbourne Palace.

A

It had four wings, and an entrance hall that led to an audience chamber where the master would receive his clients and guests. Special craftsmen were brought in, and materials were imported from Italy, Asia Minor and Greece. Underground pipes were used to carry water to fountains around the gardens, with hanging roses, and other plants.

38
Q

Who did the Celts worship at the spring? Why?

A

The goddess Sulis, because of the healing properties and mysticism of the hot water of the spring

39
Q

What did Romans do to the Sulis spring? What were some effects from that?

A

They recognized it as a religious centre and built a set of baths. Around the first century AD, the Romano-Britain town of Aquae-Sulis began to pop up, now modern day Bath.

40
Q

What artifacts were recovered from the spring at Aquae-Sulis? [3]

A

Roman coins, silver and pewter vessels, and small sheets of lead or pewter with Latin inscriptions.

41
Q

Why did the Romans build the temple to Sulis Minerva?

A

The baths became a spot for pilgrimage due to the mysterious hot waters with healing properties and the Romans wanted to capitalize on that. It encouraged the British to worship Minerva, goddess of healing and the arts, with their own goddess, Sulis.

42
Q

How could Romans put a curse on their enemies?

A

By dedicating them to the gods on led or pewter tablets inscribed with curses, called defixiones.

43
Q

How were defixiones made?

A

The name of the offender was written on the small tablet with their crime and hoped-for punishment, then the tablet was fashioned to a tomb with a long nail or thrown into a well or spring.

44
Q

What is a haruspex?

A

A soothsayer, they would sacrifice an animal, study the entrails and make predictions about the future.

45
Q

What was the art of predicting the future called?

A

Divination

46
Q

Who did the Romans learn divination from?

A

Etruscans

47
Q

What did augures do?

A

They based their predictions of the future on the flight patterns of birds.

48
Q

What were the beliefs of early Romans?

A

Animism, a belief that all things were controlled by spirits called numina, whom they presented with offerings of food and wine, and on occasion, sacrificed animals.

49
Q

Who held the position of Pontifex Maximus?

A

The Emperor

50
Q

Why were pipe-players employed to help in ceremonies?

A

So their playing would drown out noises and cries thought to be unlucky.

51
Q

Who did families give offerings to?

A

Vesta, the penates and lares.

52
Q

How did Romans regard prayer?

A

As a sort of business arrangement with the gods. “do ut des”, “I give so that you may give.”

53
Q

What were people in the provinces encouraged to worship?

A

The genius (protecting spirit) of the emperor.

54
Q

How many years did the legionaries sign on for?

A

25

55
Q

What were some responsibilities of legionary soldiers?

A

Constructing forts and camps, manufacturing weapons and equipment, and building roads.

56
Q

What requirements did someone have to meet to be in the military?

A

He had to be a Roman citizen, and in good medical health.

57
Q

Who did the Roman military prefer as soldiers?

A

Blacksmiths, wagon-makers, butchers and huntsman.

58
Q

Who wrote the life story of the Britain governor, Agricola?

A

Tacitus

59
Q

When was Agricola born?

A

June 13, 40 AD in southeast Gaul

60
Q

When did Agricola first serve in the military?

A

At 18 he was a tribunus.

61
Q

When did Agricola become governor of Britain?

A

In 77 AD, after he served a term as consul.

62
Q

What did Agricola accomplish during his time as governor of Britain?

A

Promoted Romanization, extended a network of roads and forts across Northern Britain, and doubled the area of Roman territory in Britain, and improved Latin education among British chieftains.

63
Q

How did the Britons become more like the Romans?

A

British farmers build country villas in Roman style, towns were built on Roman grid systems, Celtic gods assimilated into the Roman pantheon, and a network of roads were set up (originally for soldiers), which exponentially increased trade.

64
Q

What chief buildings were in the centre of a legionary fortress?

A

Headquarters, living quarters of the commanding officers, the hospital and granaries.

65
Q

What was an aquila?

A

The standard of the legion, in the shape of an eagle, and to lose it was the highest honour.

66
Q

How many men was the barracks supposed to house? How many in each room?

A

5,000-6,000, and 8 men per room.

67
Q

What did Julius Caesar write about Britain? Why?

A

He wrote about his reconnaissance mission in 55 BC, and his subsequent return the later year. He wrote it in order to justify his actions to the Senate and paint himself in a favourable light.

68
Q

What did Tacitus write about Britain? Why?

A

Tacitus wrote about his father-in-law, Agricola’s, life as a governor of Britain, in order to preserve his memory and praise his success.

69
Q

What archaeological evidence can be found in Britain?

A

Coins, jewellery, and pottery, which can be found buried in the soil. These objects can be used to date Roman occupation, and infer things about Romano-British life.

70
Q

What can inscriptional evidence tell us about Roman British life?

A

Roman inscriptions, especially tombstones, can be interpreted by modern researches able to read and translate Latin.

Latin Level Two (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions