Roman Lettuce

Question 1

Who were the two brothers who founded ancient Rome?

a. Romulus and Romanus
b. Romanus and Remus
c. Remus and Romulus
d. none of the above

Answer 1

c. Remus and Romulus

Question 2

How was Rome’s location good for defense?

Answer 2

Because it was built on steep hills that were easily defended.

How did early Rome’s location encourage farming, trade, and defense against attack? Rome was located on seven steep hills near the Tiber River, a short distance from the Mediterranean Sea. The river provided a route to the sea for easy trade as well as water for crops, which the Romans grew on the fertile plains below the hills. They built their homes on the hills, from which they could defend themselves against enemies.

Question 3

How did the Etruscans influence early Rome?

Answer 3

The Etruscans brought their language, their religion, and their love of music and dance from the Near East to northern Italy.

Question 4

Describe the Roman conquest of Italy.

Answer 4

The Romans rebelled and overthrew the Tarquins in 509 BC. Also in 509 BC they set up a republic and over the next 200 years they fought wars with the people around them. 338 BC they defeated the other Latin’s nearby. They defeated the Etruscans in 284 BC and the Greeks in 267 BC.

Question 5

Rome’s conquest of the peninsula can, in part be attributed to ___?

Answer 5

Diplomacy and that upon conquest, foes were offered the opportunity for full Roman citizenship (stake in successful Roman Expansion)

Question 6

Rome was

A) located in the valley of Attica.

B) located on the plain of Latium.

C) in legend, defended by the extreme bravery of Horatius.

D) an ally of Athens in the Peloponnesian War.

E) founded by the Etruscans.

Answer 6

B) located on the plain of Latium.

Question 7

Rome won control of the western Mediterranean by defeating

A) the Hellenistic Kingdoms.

B) the Celts.

C) Latium.

D) Carthage.

E) Egypt.

Answer 7

D) Carthage.

Question 8

The Roman Senate was originally created under the Etruscan kings to serve what function?

A) To create law

B) To perform particular religious rituals

C) To advise the Etruscan kings

D) To elect the next king

E) As an armed body to defend the city of Rome from external attacks

Answer 8

C) To advise the Etruscan kings

Question 9

The Roman general who returned from Spain as a military hero in 71 B.C.E. was

A) Marius.

B) Sulla.

C) Caesar.

D) Pompey.

E) Cato.

Answer 9

D) Pompey.

Question 10

The defenders of the plebeians were known as the

A) consuls.

B) praetors.

C) senators.

D) centuriates.

E) tribunes.

Answer 10

E) tribunes.

Question 11

which of the following is a true statement about the centuriate assembly

a. It prevented the Roman army from functioning in a political role.
b. It had an organizational pattern that assured a majority for its poorest members.
c. It had the responsibilities of electing the chief magistrates and passing legislation.
d. It had the power of declaring war and peace.
e. It was abolished during the Punic Wars.

Answer 11

c. It had the responsibilities of electing the chief magistrates and passing legislation.

Question 12

The Roman Senate

a. met, in sequence, on each of the seven hills of Rome.
b. was composed of elected representatives chosen by the slaves.
c. had 300 members who were chosen for life.
d. was led by three tribunes and five praetors.
e. was selected by the clientes .

Answer 12

c. had 300 members who were chosen for life.

Question 13

The government of Rome

a. was originally established as a representative democracy.
b. contained an element of republicanism from its beginnings.
c. was originally a monarchy but later became a republic.
d. was developed as a monarchy under the Celts.
e. was ruled by the upper class plebeians.

Answer 13

c. was originally a monarchy but later became a republic.

Question 14

Early Roman legends and tales

a. served no purpose beyond entertainment.
b. were incorporated into Livy’s historical accounts to teach moral values and virtues.
c. closely resembled those of China during the Zhou Dynasty.
d. owed nothing to Etruscan or Greek influences.
e. disappeared when Rome was sacked by the Celts.

Answer 14

b. were incorporated into Livy’s historical accounts to teach moral values and virtues.

Question 15

A central aspect of early Roman conquest was that all conquered peoples

a. immediately received Roman citizenship.
b. could do business with Rome.
c. could never intermarry with Romans.
d. had an interest in the success of Rome, since they could improve their status by demonstrating their loyalty to their conquerors.
e. were generally enslaved by Roman patricians.

Answer 15

d. had an interest in the success of Rome, since they could improve their status by demonstrating their loyalty to their conquerors.

Question 16

Roman imperialism was characterized by

a. a desire to improve the economies of conquered peoples.
b. unsuccessful diplomatic moves.
c. pure accident and fate.
d. strategic fortification, road construction, and allied military support.
e. the successful employment of the phalanx

Answer 16

d. strategic fortification, road construction, and allied military support.

Question 17

The chief executive officers of the Roman Republic who were responsible for leading the Roman army into battle and administering the government were the

a. consuls.
b. praetors.
c. senators.
d. centuriates.
e. tribunes.

Answer 17

a. consuls.

Question 18

10. Members of the aristocratic governing class in Rome were known as the
    a. hoplites.
    b. kings
    c. aristrocats
    d. patricians

Answer 18

d. patricians

Question 19

The chief export of Athens, and one of the major sources of its wealth and power, was

A) democratic-style government.

B) pottery.

C) olive oil.

D) training in military skills.

E) slaves.

Answer 19

C) olive oil.

Question 20

During the centuries of Roman history, from Republic to Empire, the paterfamilias’ authority

A) increased.

B) decreased.

C) fluctuated.

D) remained the same.

E) was eliminated entirely.

Answer 20

B) decreased.

Question 21

The First Punic War

A) resulted from a Roman invasion of Spain.

B) was waged between Carthage and Rome over control of the island of Sicily.

C) was begun with an attack by Hannibal.

D) discouraged the Romans from developing their naval power.

E) was caused by a Macedonian assault on Sicily.

Answer 21

B) was waged between Carthage and Rome over control of the island of Sicily.

Question 22

The pax Romana, or Roman peace, which ended the civil wars of the late republic and established an international trade network across the empire, was established by

A) Nero.

B) Augustus.

C) Septimus Severus.

D) Constantine the Great.

E) Julius Caesar.

Answer 22

B) Augustus.

Question 23

The plebeians

A) were less numerous than the patricians.

B) could not be elected to governmental offices before 150 C.E.

C) were less privileged and often poorer than the patricians.

D) were barred from military roles.

E) became slaves when they could not pay their debts.

Answer 23

C) were less privileged and often poorer than the patricians.

Question 24

Rome won control of the western Mediterranean by defeating

A) the Hellenistic Kingdoms.

B) the Celts.

C) Latium.

D) Carthage.

E) Egypt.

Answer 24

D) Carthage.

Question 25

To relieve pressure from the ever-growing population of Rome, dictator Julius Caesar

A) killed off all non-Romans living in the city.

B) sent thousands of poor and landless citizens to establish colonies in Gaul and North Africa.

C) sent thousands of noncitizens to establish colonies in Gaul and North Africa.

D) sent thousands of Roman citizens to establish colonies in Britain.

E) instituted a one child per family law that harshly punished multichild families.

Answer 25

B) sent thousands of poor and landless citizens to establish colonies in Gaul and North Africa.

Question 26

Traditional Roman religion

A) was quite similar to Jainist thought and practice in India.

B) was based on the proper implementation of rituals by state priests.

C) involved worship of a variety of officially recognized gods.

D) was replaced by Zoroastrianism during the principate.

E) could best be described as ethical monotheism.

Answer 26

B) was based on the proper implementation of rituals by state priests.

Question 27

Under the reigns of the five “good emperors”

A) the power of the senate increased.

B) nearly a century of chaos consumed Rome.

C) the range of responsibilities that were affected by the
policies of the emperors increased.

D) public works construction decreased.

E) Rome gained control of the British Isles and the Arabian peninsula.

Answer 27

C) the range of responsibilities that were affected by the

policies of the emperors increased.

Question 28

Which of the following was the title preferred by Augustus?

A) Emperor

B) Princeps

C) Dominus

D) Caesar

E) Octavian

Answer 28

B) Princeps