Roman History Part I Flashcards
What legendary twins were said to have found Rome?
Romulus and Remus
Fun Fact: The story of Romulus and Remus begins in the city of their birth, Alba Longa. The king of Alba Longa, Numitor, was deposed by his brother Amulius. In order to prevent a challenge to his rule, Amulius forced Numitor’s daugher, Rhea Silvia, to become a Vestal Virgin. The god Mars fell in love with Rhea Silvia and she bore twin sons, Romulus and Remus. When Amulius learned of the twins, he ordered them to be cast into the Tiber river.
In what city were Romulus and Remus born?
Alba Longa
Fun Fact: The story of Romulus and Remus begins in the city of their birth, Alba Longa. The king of Alba Longa, Numitor, was deposed by his brother Amulius. In order to prevent a challenge to his rule, Amulius forced Numitor’s daugher, Rhea Silvia, to become a Vestal Virgin. The god Mars fell in love with Rhea Silvia and she bore twin sons, Romulus and Remus. When Amulius learned of the twins, he ordered them to be cast into the Tiber river.
Who was king of Alba Longa when Romulus and Remus were born?
Amulius
Fun Fact: The story of Romulus and Remus begins in the city of their birth, Alba Longa. The king of Alba Longa, Numitor, was deposed by his brother Amulius. In order to prevent a challenge to his rule, Amulius forced Numitor’s daugher, Rhea Silvia, to become a Vestal Virgin. The god Mars fell in love with Rhea Silvia and she bore twin sons, Romulus and Remus. When Amulius learned of the twins, he ordered them to be cast into the Tiber river.
What brother had Amulius deposed so that Amulius could become king of Alba Longa?
Numitor
Fun Fact: The story of Romulus and Remus begins in the city of their birth, Alba Longa. The king of Alba Longa, Numitor, was deposed by his brother Amulius. In order to prevent a challenge to his rule, Amulius forced Numitor’s daugher, Rhea Silvia, to become a Vestal Virgin. The god Mars fell in love with Rhea Silvia and she bore twin sons, Romulus and Remus. When Amulius learned of the twins, he ordered them to be cast into the Tiber river.
Who were the parents of Romulus and Remus?
Rhea Silvia and (the god) Mars
Fun Fact: The story of Romulus and Remus begins in the city of their birth, Alba Longa. The king of Alba Longa, Numitor, was deposed by his brother Amulius. In order to prevent a challenge to his rule, Amulius forced Numitor’s daugher, Rhea Silvia, to become a Vestal Virgin. The god Mars fell in love with Rhea Silvia and she bore twin sons, Romulus and Remus. When Amulius learned of the twins, he ordered them to be cast into the Tiber river.
Who was the father of Rhea Silvia?
Numitor
Fun Fact: The story of Romulus and Remus begins in the city of their birth, Alba Longa. The king of Alba Longa, Numitor, was deposed by his brother Amulius. In order to prevent a challenge to his rule, Amulius forced Numitor’s daugher, Rhea Silvia, to become a Vestal Virgin. The god Mars fell in love with Rhea Silvia and she bore twin sons, Romulus and Remus. When Amulius learned of the twins, he ordered them to be cast into the Tiber river.
In order to prevent a challenge to his rule of Alba Longa, into what religious group did Amulius force Rhea Silvia?
Vestal Virgin
Fun Fact: The story of Romulus and Remus begins in the city of their birth, Alba Longa. The king of Alba Longa, Numitor, was deposed by his brother Amulius. In order to prevent a challenge to his rule, Amulius forced Numitor’s daugher, Rhea Silvia, to become a Vestal Virgin. The god Mars fell in love with Rhea Silvia and she bore twin sons, Romulus and Remus. When Amulius learned of the twins, he ordered them to be cast into the Tiber river.
What did Amulius do with Romulus and Remus when he had heard of their birth?
He ordered the two to be cast into the Tiber river.
Fun Fact: The story of Romulus and Remus begins in the city of their birth, Alba Longa. The king of Alba Longa, Numitor, was deposed by his brother Amulius. In order to prevent a challenge to his rule, Amulius forced Numitor’s daugher, Rhea Silvia, to become a Vestal Virgin. The god Mars fell in love with Rhea Silvia and she bore twin sons, Romulus and Remus. When Amulius learned of the twins, he ordered them to be cast into the Tiber river.
After the infants Romulus and Remus were cast into the Tiber, who, according to legend, found and nursed the twins?
a she-wolf (lupa)
Fun Fact: The boys were found and nursed by a she-wolf (lupa). A shepherd named Faustulus found the twins and, along with his wife Acca Larentia, raised them as his own sons. After Remus was captured and imprisoned by Amulius, Faustulus told Romulus of his true identity. Romulus then led a group to rescue Remus and overthrow their uncle Amulius as king. The twin sons of Mars then restored their grandfather Numitor to the throne.
What shepherd raised Romulus and Remus?
Faustulus (along with his wife Acca Laurentia)
Fun Fact: The boys were found and nursed by a she-wolf (lupa). A shepherd named Faustulus found the twins and, along with his wife Acca Larentia, raised them as his own sons. After Remus was captured and imprisoned by Amulius, Faustulus told Romulus of his true identity. Romulus then led a group to rescue Remus and overthrow their uncle Amulius as king. The twin sons of Mars then restored their grandfather Numitor to the throne.
Which of the legendary twin founders of Rome was captured by Amulius?
Remus
Fun Fact: The boys were found and nursed by a she-wolf (lupa). A shepherd named Faustulus found the twins and, along with his wife Acca Larentia, raised them as his own sons. After Remus was captured and imprisoned by Amulius, Faustulus told Romulus of his true identity. Romulus then led a group to rescue Remus and overthrow their uncle Amulius as king. The twin sons of Mars then restored their grandfather Numitor to the throne.
When Remus had been captured by Amulius, who hatched a rescue plan?
Romulus led a group to rescue Remus and overthrow their uncle Amulius as king.
Fun Fact: The boys were found and nursed by a she-wolf (lupa). A shepherd named Faustulus found the twins and, along with his wife Acca Larentia, raised them as his own sons. After Remus was captured and imprisoned by Amulius, Faustulus told Romulus of his true identity. Romulus then led a group to rescue Remus and overthrow their uncle Amulius as king. The twin sons of Mars then restored their grandfather Numitor to the throne.
After the overthrowing of Amulius, who did Romulus and Remus restore to the Alban throne?
Their grandfather, Numitor
Fun Fact: The boys were found and nursed by a she-wolf (lupa). A shepherd named Faustulus found the twins and, along with his wife Acca Larentia, raised them as his own sons. After Remus was captured and imprisoned by Amulius, Faustulus told Romulus of his true identity. Romulus then led a group to rescue Remus and overthrow their uncle Amulius as king. The twin sons of Mars then restored their grandfather Numitor to the throne.
Describe the mythological founding of Rome.
Romulus and Remus settle along the Tiber—>
Remus saw six vulures over the Aventine hill—>
Romulus saw twelve vultures over the Palatine hill—>
They disputed over which hill should be the main—>
They each build walls on their respective hills—>
Romulus kills Remus for leaping over Romulus’ walls—>
Romulus builds his settlement on the Palatine hill
Fun Fact: After a while, Romulus and Remus decided to establish their own city on the banks of the Tiber. As they surveyed the future city of seven hills, each brother saw an omen. Remus first spotted six vultures soaring above the Aventine hill. Romulus soon after spotted twelve vultures over the Palatine. The brothers quarreled over the meaning of the portents, and each began to build the city on his respective hill. According to legend, Romulus killed Remus after the latter had leapt over the former’s walls and insulted him. Romulus, therefore, built his settlement on the Palatine hill. According to legend, Romulus established the Monarchy on April 21st, 753 B.C..
According to legend, Rome’s first government, the Monarchy, was established by Romulus on which date?
April 21st, 753 B.C..
Fun Fact: After a while, Romulus and Remus decided to establish their own city on the banks of the Tiber. As they surveyed the future city of seven hills, each brother saw an omen. Remus first spotted six vultures soaring above the Aventine hill. Romulus soon after spotted twelve vultures over the Palatine. The brothers quarreled over the meaning of the portents, and each began to build the city on his respective hill. According to legend, Romulus killed Remus after the latter had leapt over the former’s walls and insulted him. Romulus, therefore, built his settlement on the Palatine hill. According to legend, Romulus established the Monarchy on April 21st, 753 B.C..
Give the years of the Roman Monarchy.
753–510 B.C.
Fun Fact: The Roman Monarchy lasted from Rome’s founding in 753 B.C. until the expulsion of the last king in 510 B.C..
Rome is said to have how many kings rule over the course of its Monarchy?
Seven
Fun Fact: The Roman Monarchy lasted from Rome’s founding in 753 B.C. until the expulsion of the last king in 510 B.C.. In total, Rome had seven kings.
Who is considered the first king of the Roman Monarchy?
Romulus
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
What group of 100 men was Romulus said to have established?
Senate
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
What event under the reign of Romulus created an early influx of women into Rome?
Rape of the Sabine Women
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
To whom did Romulus dedicate the first spolia opima?
Jupiter
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
With which Sabine king is Romulus said to have co-ruled?
Titus Tatius
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
Some accounts have Romulus dying in a supernatural way. In these stories, how is Romulus said to have died?
enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
What became the deified name of the Roman king Romulus?
Quirinus
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
Who is considered the second king of the Roman Monarchy?
Numa Pompilius
Fun Fact: Romulus successor, Numa Pompilius, was a Sabine who brought religion to Rome. He established the Vestal Virgins and the cult of Janus.
From what Italic tribe was Rome’s second king Numa Pompilius said to have descended?
Sabines
Fun Fact: Romulus successor, Numa Pompilius, was a Sabine who brought religion to Rome. He established the Vestal Virgins and the cult of Janus.
What cultural aspect is the Roman king Numa Pompilius considered to have introduced to Rome?
Religion
Fun Fact: Romulus successor, Numa Pompilius, was a Sabine who brought religion to Rome. He established the Vestal Virgins and the cult of Janus.
What religious cult of maidens is the Roman king Numa Pompilius considered to have introduced to Rome?
The Vestal Virgins
Fun Fact: Romulus successor, Numa Pompilius, was a Sabine who brought religion to Rome. He established the Vestal Virgins and the cult of Janus.
What religious cult to the god of doorways is the Roman king Numa Pompilius considered to have introduced to Rome?
The cult of Janus
Fun Fact: Romulus successor, Numa Pompilius, was a Sabine who brought religion to Rome. He established the Vestal Virgins and the cult of Janus.
Who is considered the third king of the Roman Monarchy?
Tullus Hostilius
Fun Fact: Rome’s third king, Tullus Hostilius, destroyed Alba Longa due to the victory of the Horatii over the Curiatii.
What nearby town was Tullus Hostilius said to have destroyed?
Alba Longa
Fun Fact: Rome’s third king, Tullus Hostilius, destroyed Alba Longa due to the victory of the Horatii over the Curiatii.
Who is considered the fourth king of the Roman Monarchy?
Ancus Marcius
Fun Fact: Ancus Marcius, the fourth king, established Rome’s port city at Ostia.
What port city is the Roman king Ancus Marcius said to have found?
Ostia
Fun Fact: Ancus Marcius, the fourth king, established Rome’s port city at Ostia.
Who is considered the fifth king of the Roman Monarchy?
Tarquinius Priscus
Fun Fact: The fifth king, Tarquinius Priscus, was Rome’s first Etruscan king. He drained the Forum Rōmānum and was killed by the sons of Ancus Marcius.
Tarquinius Priscus is the first Roman king from what Italic tribe?
Etruscans (from Etruria)
Fun Fact: The fifth king, Tarquinius Priscus, was Rome’s first Etruscan king. He drained the Forum Rōmānum and was killed by the sons of Ancus Marcius.
What future site in Rome is the Roman king Tarquinius Priscus said to have drained?
Forum Rōmānum
Fun Fact: The fifth king, Tarquinius Priscus, was Rome’s first Etruscan king. He drained the Forum Rōmānum and was killed by the sons of Ancus Marcius.
Who is said to be the wife of the Roman king Tarquinius Priscus?
Tanaquil
Fun Fact: The fifth king, Tarquinius Priscus, was Rome’s first Etruscan king. He drained the Forum Rōmānum and was killed by the sons of Ancus Marcius.
Who is said to have killed the Roman king Tarquinius Priscus?
the sons of Ancus Marcius
Fun Fact: The fifth king, Tarquinius Priscus, was Rome’s first Etruscan king. He drained the Forum Rōmānum and was killed by the sons of Ancus Marcius.
Who is considered the sixth king of the Roman Monarchy?
Servius Tullius
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
To whom is the Roman king Servius Tullius said to have been born?
a slave woman (Ocrisia)
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
What omen is attributed to the sixth king of the Roman Monarchy Servius Tullius, and who was the person who interpreted this omen?
When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping but was not harmed; Tanaquil interpreted this as Servius Tullius would one day rule
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
What is the Roman king Servius Tullius said to have established when he divided Rome into six classes?
census
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
What cult is the Roman king Servius Tullius said to have established on the Aventine hill?
cult of Diana
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
What fortification is the Roman king Servius Tullius said to be the first to have established in Rome?
first wall around the city (the Servian Wall)
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
Under which emperor did construction on the Colosseum begin, and under which emperor was it finally dedicated?
Vespasian; Titus
Fun Fact: The Colosseum, the first great arena in world history, is arguably the most splendid of Rome’s architectural achievements. Begun by the emperor Vespasian and dedicated by his son Titus in 80 A.D., the Colosseum held over 50,000 spectators. Gladiators and beasts fought on its arena floor in lavish public games for the amusement of the ancient Romans. This thirst for popular entertainment is immortalized in the Roman poet Juvenal’s quote “pānem et circensēs” (bread and circuses). The Colosseum gained its current name from a nearby statue of the emperor Nero (the Colossus Nerōnis). The ancient Romans called it the Amphitheātrum Flāvium, or Flavian Amphitheater, after the emperors who built it. Much of the southern portion of the edifice was destroyed by an earthquake during the Middle Ages.
Who murdered the Roman king Servius Tullius?
Tarquinius Superbus
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
Who is considered the seventh and last king of the Roman Monarchy?
Tarquinius Superbus
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
The seventh and last king of Rome, Tarquinius Superbus, ascended the throne by launching a coup against what man?
Servius Tullius
Fun Fact: Rome’s seventh and last king, Tarquinius Superbus, ascended the throne by launching a coup against his father-in-law, Servius Tullius. The young Superbus entered the senate, sat in the king’s chair, and proclaimed himself the king. When Servius Tullius rushed to the senate to confront Superbus, the newly proclaimed king shouted Servius down as the son of a slave and a man unfit to rule. He then threw Servius Tullius out of the Curia into the street where hired assassins killed the sixth king.
After assassins were hired to kill him, Servius Tullius was run over by whom?
Servius Tullius’ own daughter, Tullia
Fun Fact: Rome’s seventh and last king, Tarquinius Superbus, ascended the throne by launching a coup against his father-in-law, Servius Tullius. The young Superbus entered the senate, sat in the king’s chair, and proclaimed himself the king. When Servius Tullius rushed to the senate to confront Superbus, the newly proclaimed king shouted Servius down as the son of a slave and a man unfit to rule. He then threw Servius Tullius out of the Curia into the street where hired assassins killed the sixth king. Servius Tullius’ own daughter, Tullia, then drove over his body with her chariot.
What name was given to the street where the Roman king Servius Tullius was murdered?
Vīcus Scelerātus
Fun Fact: Rome’s seventh and last king, Tarquinius Superbus, ascended the throne by launching a coup against his father-in-law, Servius Tullius. The young Superbus entered the senate, sat in the king’s chair, and proclaimed himself the king. When Servius Tullius rushed to the senate to confront Superbus, the newly proclaimed king shouted Servius down as the son of a slave and a man unfit to rule. He then threw Servius Tullius out of the Curia into the street where hired assassins killed the sixth king. Servius Tullius’ own daughter, Tullia, then drove over his body with her chariot. The Romans called this spot the Vīcus Scelerātus, the “wicked street.
In the name of Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Priscus, what does the name “Superbus” mean?
“Proud” or “Arrogant”
Fun Fact: Tarquinius Superbus ruled as a tyrant. In fact, the name Superbus means “proud” or “arrogant.”
What son of Tarquinius Superbus is typically considered to have ultimately triggered the fall of the Roman Monarchy?
Sextus Tarquinius
Fun Fact: Tarquinius Superbus ruled as a tyrant. In fact, the name Superbus means “proud” or “arrogant.” The Romans grew increasingly tired of his rule, but the final straw came when the king’s son, Sextus Tarquinius, raped a virtuous noble woman named Lucretia.
What virtuous woman was raped by Sextus Tarquinius, son of Tarquinius Superbus, an act which is typically considered to have ultimately triggered the fall of the Roman Monarchy?
Lucretia
Fun Fact: Tarquinius Superbus ruled as a tyrant. In fact, the name Superbus means “proud” or “arrogant.” The Romans grew increasingly tired of his rule, but the final straw came when the king’s son, Sextus Tarquinius, raped a virtuous noble woman named Lucretia.
After the virtuous woman Lucretia was raped by Sextus Tarquinius, son of Tarquinius Superbus, who did she run to tell, only to afterwards plunge a knife into her own heart?
Her husband, Collatinus
Fun Fact: Tarquinius Superbus ruled as a tyrant. In fact, the name Superbus means “proud” or “arrogant.” The Romans grew increasingly tired of his rule, but the final straw came when the king’s son, Sextus Tarquinius, raped a virtuous noble woman named Lucretia. When her husband Collatinus discovered this act, he summoned the leading aristocrats to his home. Lucretia, ashamed at what had occurred, plunged a knife into her heart.
What man removed the dagger from Lucretia’s deceased body and had the leading aristocrats swear an oath never to allow a king to rule in Rome again?
Lucius Junius Brutus
Fun Fact: Tarquinius Superbus ruled as a tyrant. In fact, the name Superbus means “proud” or “arrogant.” The Romans grew increasingly tired of his rule, but the final straw came when the king’s son, Sextus Tarquinius, raped a virtuous noble woman named Lucretia. When her husband Collatinus discovered this act, he summoned the leading aristocrats to his home. Lucretia, ashamed at what had occurred, plunged a knife into her heart. Lucius Iunius Brutus pulled the knife from Lucretia’s body and had the men present swear an oath never to allow a king (rēx) to rule in Rome again.
In what year was Tarquinius Superbus and his immediate family driven out of Rome, thus marking the end of the Roman monarchy?
510 B.C.
Fun Fact: Brutus, elected as the first consul of the new Republic, helped to drive Tarquinius Superbus from the city in 510 B.C..
For how long is the Roman monarchy said to have lasted?
243 years
Fun Fact: Brutus, elected as the first consul of the new Republic, helped to drive Tarquinius Superbus from the city in 510 B.C.. The Monarchy had ended after a 243 year period.
Who were the first two consuls of the Roman republic?
Lucius Junius Brutus and Collatinus
Fun Fact: Brutus, elected as the first consul of the new Republic, helped to drive Tarquinius Superbus from the city in 510 B.C.. The Monarchy had ended after a 243 year period.
During which year was the Colosseum dedicated?
80 A.D.
Fun Fact: The Colosseum, the first great arena in world history, is arguably the most splendid of Rome’s architectural achievements. Begun by the emperor Vespasian and dedicated by his son Titus in 80 A.D., the Colosseum held over 50,000 spectators. Gladiators and beasts fought on its arena floor in lavish public games for the amusement of the ancient Romans. This thirst for popular entertainment is immortalized in the Roman poet Juvenal’s quote “pānem et circensēs” (bread and circuses). The Colosseum gained its current name from a nearby statue of the emperor Nero (the Colossus Nerōnis). The ancient Romans called it the Amphitheātrum Flāvium, or Flavian Amphitheater, after the emperors who built it. Much of the southern portion of the edifice was destroyed by an earthquake during the Middle Ages.
The nearby statue of which Roman emperor gave the Colosseum its name?
Nero (the statue being the Colossus Nerōnis)
Fun Fact: The Colosseum, the first great arena in world history, is arguably the most splendid of Rome’s architectural achievements. Begun by the emperor Vespasian and dedicated by his son Titus in 80 A.D., the Colosseum held over 50,000 spectators. Gladiators and beasts fought on its arena floor in lavish public games for the amusement of the ancient Romans. This thirst for popular entertainment is immortalized in the Roman poet Juvenal’s quote “pānem et circensēs” (bread and circuses). The Colosseum gained its current name from a nearby statue of the emperor Nero (the Colossus Nerōnis). The ancient Romans called it the Amphitheātrum Flāvium, or Flavian Amphitheater, after the emperors who built it. Much of the southern portion of the edifice was destroyed by an earthquake during the Middle Ages.
By what other name is the Colosseum known?
Amphitheātrum Flāvium
Fun Fact: The Colosseum, the first great arena in world history, is arguably the most splendid of Rome’s architectural achievements. Begun by the emperor Vespasian and dedicated by his son Titus in 80 A.D., the Colosseum held over 50,000 spectators. Gladiators and beasts fought on its arena floor in lavish public games for the amusement of the ancient Romans. This thirst for popular entertainment is immortalized in the Roman poet Juvenal’s quote “pānem et circensēs” (bread and circuses). The Colosseum gained its current name from a nearby statue of the emperor Nero (the Colossus Nerōnis). The ancient Romans called it the Amphitheātrum Flāvium, or Flavian Amphitheater, after the emperors who built it. Much of the southern portion of the edifice was destroyed by an earthquake during the Middle Ages.
As shown on the Column of Trajan, what kingdom did the Roman emperor Trajan conquer by 106 A.D.?
Dacia
Fun Fact: In 101 A.D. the emperor Trajan led his legions across the Danube river to conquer the kingdom of Dacia, modern day Romania. The king of the Dacians, Decebalus, had previously fought a successful war against the Roman emperor Domitian. By 106 A.D. Trajan had conquered Dacia and transformed it into a Roman province. In Rome Trajan then set out to build a monument to his victory. The result was Trajan’s Column, a 110 foot memorial which tells the story of the Dacian War. On top of Trajan’s Column was a bronze statue of the emperor, which has been replaced by a statue of St. Peter. Trajan not only built a column in Rome, but an entire Forum. Trajan’s Forum, called the Forum Ulpium in Latin, contained a basilica and a series of markets which were built into the sides of the Capitoline and Quirinal Hills. In the annals of Roman history, Trajan is known as Optimus Princeps (the best emperor). His reign ushered in the high point of the Pāx Rōmāna. In later years coins were minted in ancient Rome with the phrase felicior Augustō, melior Trāiānō—“more fortunate than Augustus, better than Trajan.” When Trajan died in 117 A.D., the Roman Empire was at its greatest territorial extent.
In what year did the Roman emperor Trajan begin his attack on Dacia?
101 A.D.
Fun Fact: In 101 A.D. the emperor Trajan led his legions across the Danube river to conquer the kingdom of Dacia, modern day Romania. The king of the Dacians, Decebalus, had previously fought a successful war against the Roman emperor Domitian. By 106 A.D. Trajan had conquered Dacia and transformed it into a Roman province. In Rome Trajan then set out to build a monument to his victory. The result was Trajan’s Column, a 110 foot memorial which tells the story of the Dacian War. On top of Trajan’s Column was a bronze statue of the emperor, which has been replaced by a statue of St. Peter. Trajan not only built a column in Rome, but an entire Forum. Trajan’s Forum, called the Forum Ulpium in Latin, contained a basilica and a series of markets which were built into the sides of the Capitoline and Quirinal Hills. In the annals of Roman history, Trajan is known as Optimus Princeps (the best emperor). His reign ushered in the high point of the Pāx Rōmāna. In later years coins were minted in ancient Rome with the phrase felicior Augustō, melior Trāiānō—“more fortunate than Augustus, better than Trajan.” When Trajan died in 117 A.D., the Roman Empire was at its greatest territorial extent.
During the reign of the Roman emperor Trajan, who was the king of the Dacians whom Trajan ultimately defeated?
Decebalus
Fun Fact: In 101 A.D. the emperor Trajan led his legions across the Danube river to conquer the kingdom of Dacia, modern day Romania. The king of the Dacians, Decebalus, had previously fought a successful war against the Roman emperor Domitian. By 106 A.D. Trajan had conquered Dacia and transformed it into a Roman province. In Rome Trajan then set out to build a monument to his victory. The result was Trajan’s Column, a 110 foot memorial which tells the story of the Dacian War. On top of Trajan’s Column was a bronze statue of the emperor, which has been replaced by a statue of St. Peter. Trajan not only built a column in Rome, but an entire Forum. Trajan’s Forum, called the Forum Ulpium in Latin, contained a basilica and a series of markets which were built into the sides of the Capitoline and Quirinal Hills. In the annals of Roman history, Trajan is known as Optimus Princeps (the best emperor). His reign ushered in the high point of the Pāx Rōmāna. In later years coins were minted in ancient Rome with the phrase felicior Augustō, melior Trāiānō—“more fortunate than Augustus, better than Trajan.” When Trajan died in 117 A.D., the Roman Empire was at its greatest territorial extent.
What title, which typically is translated as “the best emperor”, is normally attributed to the Roman emperor Trajan?
Optimus Princeps
Fun Fact: In 101 A.D. the emperor Trajan led his legions across the Danube river to conquer the kingdom of Dacia, modern day Romania. The king of the Dacians, Decebalus, had previously fought a successful war against the Roman emperor Domitian. By 106 A.D. Trajan had conquered Dacia and transformed it into a Roman province. In Rome Trajan then set out to build a monument to his victory. The result was Trajan’s Column, a 110 foot memorial which tells the story of the Dacian War. On top of Trajan’s Column was a bronze statue of the emperor, which has been replaced by a statue of St. Peter. Trajan not only built a column in Rome, but an entire Forum. Trajan’s Forum, called the Forum Ulpium in Latin, contained a basilica and a series of markets which were built into the sides of the Capitoline and Quirinal Hills. In the annals of Roman history, Trajan is known as Optimus Princeps (the best emperor). His reign ushered in the high point of the Pāx Rōmāna. In later years coins were minted in ancient Rome with the phrase felicior Augustō, melior Trāiānō—“more fortunate than Augustus, better than Trajan.” When Trajan died in 117 A.D., the Roman Empire was at its greatest territorial extent.
