Roman Control Of Britain

Question 1

Tombstone of Titus Pontius Sabinus

Answer 1

Reference to a “British expedition” 117- late 120s

Question 2

“Little less than…

Answer 2

Eighty thousand Britons fell, at a cost of some four hundred Romans killed” Tac. 14.37

Question 3

He [Agricola] marched…

Answer 3

His men into the hills […] slaughtered almost the entire nation

Tac. 18

Question 4

Tacitus 36

Answer 4

The swords of the Britanni lack a thrusting point, and so are unsuited to […] close combat

Question 5

Roman peace was enough of a reality…

Answer 5

That large areas of empire could be governed effectively without regular recourse to direct force - Neville Morley

Question 6

Vindolanda military strength report

Birthday party letter

Answer 6

456/752 absent from duty, one centurion in London

Claudia Severa and Lepidina

Question 7

Tacitus 14 on Agricola

Answer 7

He made the contributions of corn and tribute less onerous by distributing the burdens fairly

Question 8

Tacitus 14.32

Answer 8

Julius Classicianus […] was hampering the public welfare by his private animosities

Question 9

Verulamium forum inscription

Answer 9

79-81 AD

“The Verulamium basilica was adorned”

Question 10

Tacitus 21

Answer 10

He assisted communities to build temples, public squares and proper houses

Question 11

Chichester dedication slab

Answer 11

“Tiberi Claudi Togidubni”

Question 12

Romans looked to these…

Answer 12

Tribal leaders to control the rest of the populace […] competing with one another for honour and status

-Neville Morley

Question 13

SHA 5.1

Answer 13

The Britons could not be kept under Roman control

Question 14

Mendip lead pig

Answer 14

47 AD

Question 15

Tacitus 12.31

Answer 15

While they fight singly, all are conquered

Question 16

Examples of syncretism in Britain

Answer 16

Creation of Minerva Silvia

The fountain at Bath and altar to Sulis Minerva (talk about the head engraving)

The water goddess Coventina was portrayed as a nymph

The Maryport image

Question 17

Brigantia dedication in the South Shields

Answer 17

The goddess is Celtic, But the inscription is in Latin. “ a war goddess clad like Minerva but with an auxiliary regiment style of helmet” Richmond

Question 18

On the Genii cucullati

Answer 18

They represent a “combination of the Roman Genius loci and the British reverence for the sacred number three” Aldhouse-Green

Question 19

Tacitus 21 on Latin-learning and toga wearing

Answer 19

They who lately disdained the tongue of Rome now coveted its eloquence […] the toga became fashionable

Corroborated by the Harper Road burial

Question 20

Tombstone of a speculator at London and…

Answer 20

A beneficiarius at Wroxeter

1st cent AD

Question 21

This was a strong settlement…

Answer 21

Of veterans intended as a reserve against rebellion and to instil in our allies the habit of observing the laws.

Tacitus 12.32

Question 22

The cavalry do not use…

Answer 22

Swords nor do the wretched Britons mount in order to throw javelins

Vindolanda tablet

Question 23

Roman roads

Answer 23

Dere street
The stand gate
Watling Street
Fosse Way

Question 24

They called this “civilisation”,

Answer 24

When in fact it was a part of their enslavement

Tacitus 21

Question 25

Our excess of confidence…

Answer 25

Might have led to disaster, but Agricola was everywhere at once

Tac 37

Question 26

The news was received …

Answer 26

By Domitian “With a smile on his face and unease in his heart”

Tac 39

Question 27

Agricola was able to Build forts that were never

Answer 27

“Stormed who ever abandoned through surrender or flight”

Tac 22

Following Agricola’s annexation of the Brigantine territory in 78AD and consolidation of the Forth-Clyde line

Question 28

An example of the long-established

Answer 28

Roman custom of employing even kings to make other slaves

Tacitus 14