roman ARCHITECTURE Flashcards
What are the main features of Roman architecture?
Use of arches, vaults, domes, and concrete to create grand, functional, and durable structures.
What materials were commonly used in Roman architecture?
Concrete, brick, marble, and stone.
How did Roman architecture differ from Greek architecture?
Romans focused more on practical and large-scale engineering structures, while Greeks emphasized beauty and proportion.
What was the primary function of Roman architecture?
To serve practical purposes such as governance, entertainment, and infrastructure.
What are the five architectural orders used by the Romans?
Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, and Composite.
What is unique about the Tuscan order?
It is a simplified version of the Doric order with unfluted columns and a simple capital.
What is the Composite order?
A combination of Ionic and Corinthian styles, featuring volutes and acanthus leaves.
Which order did Romans favor the most?
The Corinthian order, due to its decorative elegance.
What is an arch, and why was it important in Roman architecture?
A curved structure that distributes weight efficiently, allowing for larger openings and more stability.
What is a vault in Roman architecture?
An extended arch forming a roof or ceiling.
What is a dome?
A hemispherical structure used to cover large spaces, such as the Pantheon.
What are pilasters?
Flat rectangular columns attached to a wall, used for decorative purposes.
How does Roman temple design differ from Greek temple design?
Roman temples were elevated on podiums with a frontal focus, while Greek temples had a colonnade all around.
What construction method did Romans use that Greeks did not?
The use of arches, vaults, and domes, instead of post-and-lintel structures.
What was the main decorative difference between Greek and Roman architecture?
Romans used more decorative and elaborate elements, including frescoes, mosaics, and sculptures
