ROM Exercises

Question 1

What is functional excursion

Answer 1

The distance a muscle is capable of shortening after it has been maximally elongated

Question 2

What is active insufficiency

Answer 2

The point where a muscle can shorten no more

Question 3

What is passive insufficiency

Answer 3

The point where a muscle can no longer be lengthened

Question 4

What are precautions with ROM exercises

Answer 4

PROM - within pain free range can be beneficial to acute injuries but can be detrimental if done improperly
PROM can be introduced to major joints, AROM to ankles and feet to prevent thrombus formation
AROM to upper extremities and limited, supervised walking are beneficial after heart attacks and heart surgery

Question 5

What are CIs to ROM exercises

Answer 5

• pain
• when motion is detrimental to the healing process
• when motion of Pt. Response is life threatening (DVT, spinal)

Question 6

How should you prepare a patient for ROM exercises

Answer 6

• communicate the plan and method of intervention
• fee the region of obstructive clothing or splints and drape as necessary
• position the client comfortably, with adequate support and proper body alignment
• use proper body mechanics

Question 7

What is the application of techniques

Answer 7

• control the segment and stabilize the proximate segment. Modify your grip if it is painful for the pt.
• support areas of decreased structural integrity, hypermobility, recent fracture or paralyzed limb segment
• move the segment through the Pain free range until you feel tissue resistance
• repeat the motion 5-10 times, depending on the tx goals and the pt.s response to tx

Question 8

What are PROM goals

Answer 8

• Maintain tissue health
• Decrease effects of immobilization
• decrease pain
• increase proprioception
• assessment of inert structures
• demonstration of exercises
• precede passive stretching

Question 9

Where is pain usually with active ROM

Answer 9

Pain usually in tendon and muscle problems

Question 10

Where is pain usually with PROM

Answer 10

Usually pain in ligaments and capsule

Question 11

What does resisted testing test

Answer 11

The strength of the muscle

Question 12

When is PROM used

Answer 12

• in the acute stage
• inflamed tissues
• where AROM would be detrimental
• paralyzation
• comatose

Question 13

What are CPM machines

Answer 13

Passive motion performed slowly and continuously by a device that takes the segments through a prescribed ROM

Research is still being performed to determine appropriate application parameters

Question 14

What are CPM benefits

Answer 14

• decrease adhesions
• decrease contractures
• stimulates healing of tendon and ligament enhances scar healing (over the Jr)
• increases synovial lubrication of it
• increase intra-articular cartilage regeneration / healing prevents degrading effects of immobilization enables quick return of ROM
• decrease post operative Pain

Question 15

What are PROM limitations

Answer 15

• conscious clients with intact innervation
• difficult with spastic segments

Does not:

• increase strength or endurance
• prevent atrophy
• assist circulation (negligible)

Question 16

What are goals or AAROM, SA-AROM, AROM

Answer 16

• increase tissue health (elasticity/contractility) of muscles
• provide sensory feedback
• stimulate bone and increase joint integrity
• prevent thrombus formation
• maintain circulation
• develop coordination
• prepare for function activities

Question 17

What is A-AROM

Answer 17

Performed by therapist - manual or mechanical assistance applied to achieve end range due to prime mover insufficiency

Question 18

When is A-AROM used

Answer 18

When a pt. Has weak musculature and cannot complete ROM against gravity
The pt. Has little control over movements in a segment (neurological)

Question 19

What is Self assisted ROM

Answer 19

Using the unaffected limb, or equipment to move the affected segments through ROM

Equipment used: towels, dowels (wand), pulleys, wall, power (skate) boards, stationary bikes, ergometers, elliptical

Used as soon as the patient is able to understand both instructions and the safe parameters of the motions, when there is unilateral weakness

No therapist involvement, this is for homecare

Used when AAROM is indicated with the same goals and limitations

Question 20

When is AROM used

Answer 20

When the pt is able to contract the muscles of a segment without assistance

During prolonged immobilization, segments above and below can be moved through ranges to maintain tissue and prepare for future movements (walking/crutches)

AROM can be used for aerobic conditioning exercises

AROM is used Above and below immobilizations to maintain tissue health and prepare for activities like walking with crutches

Question 21

What are limitations of SAROM and AAROM

Answer 21

Does not maintain or improve strength

Does not develop skill and coordination outside of movement patterns

Question 22

What are functional patterns

Answer 22

1st. Determine what the desired functional movement pattern
2nd. Move the segments involved through the pattern using assistance if required (manual, mechanical, self assistance where appropriate )

Question 23

What are upper extremity functional patterns

Answer 23

Grasping an eating utensil (finger extension, flex ion)

Eating (hand to mouth: shoulder: flex, abd, lat rot. Elbow: flex, sup)

Reaching shelves

Brushing hair

Holding a phone to ear

Dressing

Reaching out of a car window (drivethru)

Question 24

What are lower extremity functional patterns

Answer 24

Sitting up (laying supine to sitting) on edge of bed

Standing from sitting

Sitting from standing

Walking

Dressing

Shoe tying