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TOP1 > Rollo May > Flashcards

Rollo May Flashcards

1
Q

He attributed his two failed marriages to his mother’s ____ and his older sister’s _____

A

Unpredictable behavior
Psychotic episode

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2
Q

His approach was based on ___ and not on ____

A

Clinical experience
Controlled scientific research (experimental)

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3
Q

True or false
He regarded human beings as good and evil and not capable of cultures that are both good and evil

A

False
Capable

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4
Q

He emphasized a balance between ___

A

Freedom and responsibility

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5
Q

He wished to understand people as they in the world as thinking, active and willing beings

A

Soren kierkegaard

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6
Q

They lack the courage to face their destiny

A

Unhealthy people

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7
Q

These are the people who are still functional but they have maladaptiveness; they experience and have difficulty to cope with these anxieties in life

A

Neurotic people

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8
Q

They challenge their destiny, they cherish their freedom

A

Healthy people

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9
Q

True or false
You find happiness not only to the people around you, but ypu cannot create your own happiness within the self

A

False
You can create your own happiness within the self

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10
Q

True or false
Death is a bad thing

A

False
Death is not a bad thing

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11
Q

Kierkegaard was concerned with both the _____ and the ____

A

Experiencing person
Person’s experience

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12
Q

True or false
People can acquire freedom of action through expanding their self-awareness and tgen by assuming responsibility for their actions

A

True

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13
Q

The acquisition of freedom and responsibility is achieved only at the expense of ___

A

Anxiety

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14
Q

True or false
Existence implies a static immutable substance

A

False
Essence

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15
Q

True or false
Essence takes precedence over existence

A

False
Existence takes precedence over essence

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16
Q

True or false
Existence suggests process; essence refers to a product

A

True

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17
Q

True or false
Existence is associated with stagnation and finality; Essence signifies growth and change

A

False
Associated with growth and change
Signifies stagnatuon and finality

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18
Q

True or false
Existentialists affirm that people’s essence is their power to continually redefine themselves through the choices they make

A

True

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19
Q

True or false
Existentialism opposes the split between subject and object

A

True

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20
Q

True or false
People are not both subjective and objective and must search for truth by living active and authentic lives

A

False
People are both subjective and objective

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21
Q

True or false
People search for some meaning to their lives

A

True

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22
Q

True or false
Existentialists hold that ultimately each of us is not responsible for who we are and what we become

A

False
Each of us is responsible

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23
Q

True or false
We cannot choose to become what we can be or we can choose to avoid commitment and choice, but ultimately, it is our choice

A

False
We can choose to become

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24
Q

True or false
Existentialists are basically antitheoretical because theories dehumanize people and render them as objects

A

True

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25
Q

What re the two basic concept of existentialism

A

Being in the world and non being

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26
Q

True or false
We exist in a world that can be best understood from our own perspective

A

True

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27
Q

It means to exist there

A

Dasein

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28
Q

Dasein literslly means to exist in the world and is generally written as ___

A

Being in the world

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29
Q

True or false
Many people suffer from anxiety and despair brought on by their alienation from themselves or from their world

A

True

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30
Q

True or false
They either have a clear image of themselves or not feel isolated from a world that seems distablnt and foreign.

A

False
They either have no clear image
They feel isolated

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31
Q

3 simultaneous modes in their being in the world

A

Umwelt
Mitwelt
Eigenwelt

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32
Q

True or false
Mitwelt is the environment around us

A

False
Umwelt

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33
Q

True or false
Eigenwelt is our relations with the other people

A

False
Mitwelt

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34
Q

True or false
Umwelt is our relationship with our self

A

False
Eigenwelt

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35
Q

True or false
If we treat people as objects,then we are living solely in mitwelt

A

False
Umwelt

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36
Q

True or false
To live in eigenwelt means to be aware of one self as a hjman being and to grasp who we are as we relate to the world of things and to the world of people

A

True

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37
Q

True or false
Neurotic people live in umwelt, mitwelt, and eigenwelt simultaneosly

A

False
Healthy people

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38
Q

It often provokes us to live defensively and to receive less from life than if we would confront the issue of our
nonexistence.

A

Fear of death or nonbeing

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39
Q

Forms of nonbeing

A

Addiction to alcohol or other drugs
Promiscuous sexual activity
Other compulsive behaviors

40
Q

True or false
Being in the world can also be expressed as blind conformity to society’s expectations and as generalized hostility that lervades our relations to others

A

False
Nonbeing

41
Q

subjective state of theindividual’s becomingaware that his or her existence can be destroyed, that he can become nothing

A

Anxiety

42
Q

True or false
Anxiety is the dizziness of freedom

A

True

43
Q

True or false
Freedom cannot exist without anxiety, nor can anxiety exist without freedom.

A

True

44
Q

Types of anxiety

A

Normal anxiety
Neurotic anxiety

45
Q

Proportionate to the threat, does not involve repression, and can be confronted constructively on the conscious level

A

Normal anxiety

46
Q

True or false
Neurotic anxiety is lroporrionate to the threat and can be constructive

A

False
Normal anxiety

47
Q

A reaction which is disproportionate to the threat, involves repression and other forms of intrapsychic conflict, and is managed by various kinds of blocking off of activity and awareness

A

Neurotic anxiety

48
Q

True or false
Neurotic anxiety is felt whenever values are threatened, normal anxiety is experienced whenever values become transformed security

A

False
Normal anxiety
Neurotic

49
Q

It arises when people deny their potentialities, fail
to accurately perceive the needs of fellow humans,
or remain oblivious to their dependence on the
natural world.

A

Guilt

50
Q

True or false
Both anxiety and guilt are ontological

A

True

51
Q

Three form of ontological guilt

A

Umwelt
Mitwelt
Eigenwelt

52
Q

It can arise
from a lack of
awareness of
one’s being-in-
the-world

A

Umwelt

53
Q

It is the
inability to
perceive
accurately the
world of
others.

A

Mitwelt

54
Q

It is associated
with our denial
of our own
potentialities
or with our
failure to fulfill
them

A

Eigenwelt

55
Q

True or false
Intentionality is sometimes conscious

A

False
Sometimes unconscious

56
Q

bridge the gap between subject and object.

A

Intentionality

57
Q

The structure that gives meaning to experience and allows people to make
decisions about the future.

A

Intentionality

58
Q

To ___ for someone means
to recognize that person as
a fellow human being, to
identify with that person’s
pain or joy, guilt or pity

A

Care

59
Q

True or false
Care is the same as
love, but it is the source of
care

A

False
Care is not the same as love, but it is the source of love

60
Q

True or false
Love is also the source of will

A

False
Care

61
Q

The capacity to organize one’s self so that movement in a certain direction or toward a certain goal may take place

A

Will

62
Q

Delight in the presence of the other person and an affirming of value and development as much as one’s own

A

Love

63
Q

True or false
Will requires self cosciousness;wish does not

A

True

64
Q

For the mature
person, both love
and will mean a
reaching out toward
another person.

A

Union of love and will

65
Q

True or false
In intentionality it both involve care,
both necessitate
choice, both imply
action, and both
require
responsibility.

A

False
Union of love and will

66
Q

Four kinds of love

A

Agape
Eros
Sex
Philia

67
Q

It is a biological function that can be satisfied through sexual
intercourse or some other release of sexual tension.

A

Sex

68
Q

A psychological desire that seeks procreation or creation through an enduring union with a loved one

A

Eros

69
Q

True or false
Sex is built on care and tenderness

A

False
Eros

70
Q

An intimate nonsexual friendship between two people

A

Philia

71
Q

False
Philia is rushed; it does not takes time to grow, to develop, to sink its roots

A

False
Philia cannot be rushed; it takes time to grow, to develop, to sink its roots

72
Q

It is the
altruistic
love.

A

Agape

73
Q

True or false
Healthy adult
relationships
blend all four
forms of
love.

A

True

74
Q

It is the individual’s capacity to know that he is
the determined one.

A

Freedom

75
Q

True or false
Destiny comes from an understanding of our freedom

A

False
Frewdom comes from an understanding of our destiny

76
Q

Forms of freedom

A

Existential freedom
Essential freedom

77
Q

It is the freedom of action – the
freedom of doing

A

Existential freedom

78
Q

True or false
Essential freedom is the freedom to act on the choices that one makes

A

False
Existential freedom

79
Q

The freedom of being.

A

Essential freedom

80
Q

True or false
Existenrial freedom is the inner fredom

A

False
Essential freedom

81
Q

It is the design of the universe
speaking through the design of
each one of us.

A

Destiny

82
Q

True or false
Freedom is our destination, our
terminus, our goal

A

False
Destiny

83
Q

Normal paradox of life

A

Freedom and destiny

84
Q

True or false
Freedom and destiny are
intertwined; one cannot exist
without the other.

A

True

85
Q

True or false
Freedom and destiny give birth to each other

A

True

86
Q

Conscious and unconscious belief
systems that provide explanations for
personal and social problems

A

The power of myth

87
Q

May believed that people communicate
with one another on two levels

A

Rationalistic language
Through myths

88
Q

Truth takes precedence over the people
who are communicating

A

Rationalistic language

89
Q

The total human experience is more
important than the empirical accuracy of
the communication.

A

Through myths

90
Q

May believed that the oedipus story contains elements of existential crisis common to everyone

A

Birth
Seperation or exile from parents and home
Sexual union with ome parent and hostility toward the other
The assertion of independence and the search for identity
Death

91
Q

True or false
May’s concept of myths is comparable to carl jung’s idea of a collective unconscious in the myths are archetypal patterns in the human experience; they are avenues to universal images that lie beyond individual experience

A

True

92
Q

Apathy and emptiness are the
malaise of modern times

A

Psychopathology

93
Q

May saw psychopathology as

A

Lack of communication

94
Q

True or false
Neurotic symptoms do not represent
a failure of adjustment, but rather a
proper and necessary adjustment by
which one’s Dasein can be
preserved.

A

True

95
Q

Purpose of psychotherapy

A

Set people free

96
Q

Fantasy conversation

A

Psychotherapy

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