Roles of IT in Business

Question 1

Governance is primarily the responsibility of?

Answer 1

Board of directors

Question 2

Selling a digitized product (online book for example) can decrease its _____ and improve its ______.

Answer 2

Decrease its costs and improve quality

Question 3

Digitization is a description of how ______ is changing in business.

Answer 3

Technology

Question 4

Processes and structures, implemented by the board, to achieve organizational goals.

Answer 4

Governance

Question 5

What concerns the transformation of nonelectric data to electronic form?

Answer 5

Digitization

Question 6

Describe scope and scalability. How are they different?

Answer 6

Scope - concerns whether a system is built too small or too large
Scalability - concerns whether a system can expand with growth.

Question 7

When a customer database spreadsheet can’t keep up with rapid growth of a business, this issue is related to?

Answer 7

Scope and scalability

Question 8

Lack of strategic focus relates to an unnecessary task. See example on flashcard.

Answer 8

Gus McCrae, an accountant at Lonesome Dove Cattle Ranch, builds a spreadsheet to track cow movements between locations. However, there are so few movements of cattle between locations that the spreadsheet is unhelpful.

Question 9

Management reporting systems exist to aid decisions and reporting. What is the most important design element in creating a management reporting system?

Answer 9

Types of decisions to be made

Question 10

What are five different types of IT systems? These are system types based on activity.

Answer 10

1. Operational systems
2. Management Info Systems (MIS)
3. Decision Support Systems (DSSs)
4. Knowledge work systems
5. Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERPs)

Question 11

Transaction processing systems (TPS) would fall under which category of systems?

Answer 11

Operational systems

Question 12

Accounting Information systems (AISs) would fall under which category of systems?

Answer 12

Accounting information systems (AISs)

Question 13

Executive support systems (ESSs), data-driven DDSs, model-driven DSSs, and group support systems GSSs would fall under which category of systems?

Answer 13

Decision support systems (DSSs)

Question 14

Office automation systems (OASs) would fall under which category of systems?

Answer 14

Knowledge work systems

Question 15

Which IT system would be most appropriate for examining large sets of data?

Answer 15

Data-driven DSSs

Question 16

This system supports the day-to-day activities of the business (purchasing of goods and services, manufacturing activities, sales to customers, cash collections, payroll, # of hours employees worked, etc.)

Answer 16

Transaction processing system (TPS)

Question 17

This system provides information to mid- and upper-level management to assist them in managing non-routine problems and in long-range planning.

Answer 17

Decision support system (DSS)

Question 18

This system provides generic support to clerical level employees and include many of the typical programs found on personal computers (word processing, spreadsheets, end-user databases, etc.).

Answer 18

Office automation system (OAS)

Question 19

What is a key characteristic of a non-financial transaction?

Answer 19

No debit or credit entry made. Example: sending purchase order to vendor to purchase an item for re-sale

Question 20

This system takes planning information (budgets, forecasts, etc.) data and compare it to actual results in periodic management reports (summary reports, variance reports, and exception reports?

Answer 20

MIS. Similar to budget system.

Question 21

Which system will include external data? Which system places a great emphasis on external information.

Answer 21

ESS (Executive support system)

Question 22

This system is designed to support routine management problems based primarily on data from transaction processing systems and, thus, would not be appropriate to provide support for this type of decision.

Answer 22

MIS (management info system)

Question 23

This system facilitates the work of professional level employees (engineers, accountants, attorneys, etc.) by providing information relevant to their day-to-day activities (e.g., how the company has handled specific types of audit exceptions) and/or by automating some of their routine functions and, thus, would not be appropriate to provide support for this type of decision.

Answer 23

Knowledge management system (KMS)

Question 24

This system provides information to mid- and upper-level management to assist them in managing non-routine problems and in long-range planning.

Answer 24

Decision support system (DSS)

Question 25

This system is a subset of DSS that are especially designed for forecasting and making long-range, strategic decisions, and they place greater emphasis on external data.

Answer 25

Executive support system (ESS)

Question 26

Increased responsiveness and flexibility while aiding in the decision-making process is an advantage of what system?

Answer 26

ERP

Question 27

This IT system is designed to improve the productivity of office work.

Answer 27

Office automation system. Office automation systems include the software tools of daily work, including word processing programs, spreadsheets, email, and electronic calendars.

Question 28

What do neural networks, case-based reasoning systems, and intelligent agents all have in common?

Answer 28

They all learn from experience.

Question 29

This system does not learn from experience. It simply executes rules.

Answer 29

Rule-based expert systems

Question 30

Desktop client, application, and database are all layers on a what?

Answer 30

Three-tiered architecture that most client/server applications operate on.

Question 31

A __________ is a database archive of an organization's operational transactions (sales, purchases, production, payroll, etc.) over a period of years. External data that might be correlated with these transactions, such as economic indicators, stock prices, and exchange rates, are also included.

Answer 31

Data warehouse

Question 32

______ is the process of sorting through data maintained in a data warehouse in an effort to identify relationships between data fields or events. Also, it's the process of performing statistical analysis and automatically searching for patterns in large volumes of data.

Answer 32

Data mining

Question 33

With regards to data warehouses 1. The bulk of the data found in a data warehouse comprises historical ______ data. 2. ________ is one of the principal functionalities offered by data mining software. It is a major component of data mining software.

Answer 33

1. Operational | 2. Pattern recognition

Question 34

What is the critical success factor in data mining?

Answer 34

Pattern recognition. These relationships are often classified as sequences (one event leads to another) or associations (one event is correlated with another event). The ability to recognize these patterns is, thus, critical to successful data mining.

Question 35

With regards to flat file systems 1. Flat file systems contains ______ of data redundancy (high or little) 2. Flat file systems are program independent. This is because the program independence of flat file systems means that multiple programs must be used to read, access and process the data. Is this an advantage or disadvantage?

Answer 35

1. High | 2. Disadvantage

Question 36

A _______ is focused on a particular market or purpose and contains only information specific to that objective. This is also a specialized version of a data warehouse that contains data that is pre-configured to meet the needs of specific departments.

Answer 36

Data mart

Question 37

A _______ is a generic term applied to information stored in some type of structured manner.

Answer 37

Data store

Question 38

An __________ is a database that can maintain information about complex objects, and it demonstrates the basic characteristics of object oriented programming (inheritance, encapsulation, etc.).

Answer 38

Object-oriented database

Question 39

Between data warehouse and data mart, which one is more specialized and support more specific needs?

Answer 39

Data mart is more specialized and supports more specific needs

Question 40

Is external data included in data mart or data warehouse or both?

Answer 40

Both

Question 41

When you are given a scenario in a problem, when would it be most appropriate to use data mining.

Answer 41

When you are looking for patterns in large amounts of data

Question 42

Slice and dice means to look at data by ______.

Answer 42

subunit

Question 43

Problem: If you are looking at online summary and want to determine why the cost of a particular item is high, what is the most appropriate technique to do?

Answer 43

Drill down. Meaning moving from summary to detailed information to determine high costs.

Question 44

A _______ structure refers to how people are organized at an organization. (Hint: Neo Keanu Reeves)

Answer 44

Matrix organization

Question 45

An accounting system that stores data in multiple tables (i.e., matrices) that are linked by common key fields. This is called a?

Answer 45

Database system

Question 46

A data mart is a specialized type of ____________ that is tailored to the needs of a(n) _______.

Answer 46

1. Data warehouse | 2. Organization

Question 47

This system is an automated system that that uses information obtained and integrates expert advice for user.

Answer 47

Expert system

Question 48

Analysis of data in a database using tools which look for trends or anomalies without knowledge in advance of the meaning of the data is referred to as? It uses tools which look for trends or anomalies without such advance knowledge.

Answer 48

Data mining

Question 49

________ is a branch of computer science that involves computer programs that can solve specific problems creatively.

Answer 49

Artificial intelligence

Question 50

_______ involves computer creation of an artificial, three-dimension world that may be interacted with.

Answer 50

Virtual reality

Question 51

With regards to databases, the _______________ controls the storage and retrieval of the information maintained in a database and is responsible for maintaining the referential integrity of the data.

Answer 51

Database management system (DBMS)

Question 52

With regards to databases, ___________ is used to extract information from the database.

Answer 52

Data query language (DQL)

Question 53

With regards to databases, ___________ is used to add, update, and delete data.

Answer 53

Data manipulation language (DML)

Question 54

With regards to databases,___________ is used to create tables and fields of information within the fields.

Answer 54

Data definition language (DDL)

Question 55

System software, programming languages, and application software are all categories of what?

Answer 55

Computer software

Question 56

What is the ascending hierarchy of data in a system? What is the driving factor behind this ordering? Options: Field, record, file, and character

Answer 56

Correct order: character, field, record, and file | **The order is based on pieces of data. Character has fewest, field second fewest, and so forth

Question 57

Database management software is considered both ______ and _______.

Answer 57

1. Software | 2. Middleware

Question 58

8047 is an example of what? These can be found in fields.

Answer 58

Data value or characters

Question 59

CustomerNumber is an example of what?

Answer 59

Field (or attributes)

Question 60

CustomerNumber, CustomerName, CustomerPhone, CustomerContact, CustomerCreditLimit is an example of what?

Answer 60

Record. A record is a collection of fields that describe an individual instance of an entity.

Question 61

This is a collection of records for one specific entity (invoice file, customer file, etc.)

Answer 61

File (table)

Question 62

Machine language must be designed for the specific computer and, therefore, is determined by the ______ who design the computer.

Answer 62

Engineers

Question 63

Review the benefits of a single integrated database information system.

Answer 63

1. Increased data accessibility | 2. Decreased data redundancy

Question 64

Pretty much all relational databases use what type of computer language?

Answer 64

SQL

Question 65

Capability to ____ and ____ the database is a primary function of a database management system.

Answer 65

Create and modify

Question 66

The advantages below are for what type of database? 1. Flexible for ad hoc queries 2. Store data in table form 3. Maintained on direct access devices

Answer 66

Relational databases

Question 67

With regards to structuring and organizing data, how do hierarchal and relational databases differ?

Answer 67

Hierarchical - Tree structure | Relational - Tables

Question 68

1. Report customization is a function of _____ system. 2. Financial transaction inputs is a function of _____ software. 3. Database access authorizations is a function of ______ system

Answer 68

1. Report writing system 2. Application software 3. Access control systems

Question 69

The ____________ defines the database structure and content, especially the schema and subschema descriptions, including the names of the data elements contained in the database and their relationship to each other.

Answer 69

Data definition language

Question 70

The ________ language is a type of database language used to specify the privileges and security rules governing database users.

Answer 70

Data control language

Question 71

The _______ language provides application programs with a facility to interact with the database to facilitate adding, changing, and deleting either data or data relationships.

Answer 71

Data manipulation

Question 72

The ________ language are symbolic character strings used to control the current state of database management system operations.

Answer 72

Data command interpreter language

Question 73

The machine-language program that results when a symbolic-language program is translated is called a(n) _____

Answer 73

Object program

Question 74

This type of program refers to first-generation computers, which require manual wiring of the CPU to perform desired operations.

Answer 74

Wired program

Question 75

An _________ (e.g., Microsoft Office) is a series of applications such as a word processor, database, and spreadsheet.

Answer 75

Integrated suite

Question 76

_______ is generally considered to be software made available at a low, or no, cost to users.

Answer 76

Shareware

Question 77

An _______ system controls the execution of computer programs and may provide various services. It can be considered a software that performs a variety of general technical computer-controlling operations.

Answer 77

Operating system