Role of Research in Nursing Flashcards
3 Dimensions that define Research Paradigms
- Ontology: what is the nature of reality? (truth)
- Epistemology: what counts as knowledge?
- Methodology: what is the process of research?
What are the 3 nursing Paradigms?
- Post-positivism
- Constructivism/Interpretivism
- Critical Theory
Post-Positivism
RESEARCH, SCIENTIFIC METHODS
Explain, predict, control, measuring, scientific method
O: reality is static and fixed, objective truth
E: knowledge is constructed through research & statistics
M: scientific method, falsification of hypothesis
Constructivism/Interpretivism
Understanding the meaning of experience
O: reality is subjective & changing, no ultimate truth
E: knowledge is subjective, multiple, diverse interpretations of reality
M: understanding using inductive reasoning, meaning in research participant interaction, qualitative methods
Critical Theory
Power and power imbalances
O: reality based on power & identity struggles
E: knowledge is co-constructed through individuals and groups, studying social structures
M: seeks to rep. diverse and under represented groups, how things can change for the better
Deductive Reasoning
QUANTITATIVE 🔻
- starts with general picture and moves to a specific direction
- tests of pre-existing hypothesis or theory
- used two or more concepts
Inductive Reasoning
QUALITATIVE 🔺
- starts with details of experience and moves to general picture
- generates new theories from data
What is the purpose of health research?
DEP
Design: comparison between people or groups
Explain: how do diseases develop?
Predict: develop and evaluate strategies to mitigate health problems or improve health services
What is evidence based nursing?
Incorporating evidence from research, clinical expertise, client preferences and other resources to make decisions about patients
