Role Of Education Flashcards
functionalism DURKHEIM
Durkheim identifies two main functions of education: social solidarity and specialist skills. The education system helps to create social solidarity by transmitting society’s culture from one generation to the next. Schools also act as a ‘society in miniature’ preparing us for life in wider society.
functionalism PARSONS
Parsons argues that schools are meritocratic. This is the belief that all pupils have an equal chance to succeed through talent and abilities, irrespective of class, gender, ethnicity etc.
Parsons also sees the school as an agent of socialisation, acting as a bridge between the family and wider society.
functionalism DAVIS AND MOORE
Davis and Moore believe schools perform the function of selecting and allocating pupils to their future work roles by assessing individuals aptitudes and abilities, schools help to match them to the job they are best suited to
marxism ALTHUSSER
The education system performs two functions for the ideological state apparatus:
Reproduction - the education system reproduces class inequality by failing each generation of working-class pupils
Legitimation - the education system tries to convince people that inequality is inevitable and failure is the fault of the individual, not the capitalist system
marxism BOWLES AND GINTIS
Schools create the new generations of workers to serve the capitalist system.
There is a hidden curriculum in schools (lessons that are ‘learned’ but not taught), which is used to serve the capitalist system (Eg. pupils accept hierarchy, competition, alienation)
The functionalist idea of meritocracy is a myth; success is based on class background, not ability or educational achievement.
marxism WILLIS (NEO-MARXISM)
Pupils can see through the ruling class ideology and resist attempts to indoctrinate it in school. Male working class pupils formed a distinct counterculture that flouted school rules.
FEMINISM LIBERAL FEMINISM
There has been a steady improvement in girls experience of school and girls achievement.
FEMINISM RADICAL FEMINISM
Radical feminists believe that one of the primary roles of education is to maintain gender inequality.
Gendered Language - school teachers and textbooks use gendered language
Gendered roles - textbooks present traditional gendered roles (for example, women as housewives)
Gendered stereotypes - textbooks and teachers tend to stereotypes males and females (for example, girls are presented as more caring)
the new right
The new right believe schools should be centred around competition and choice, this is mainly done through marketisation. By creating an ‘education market’, schools are forced to respond to the needs of teachers, parents and pupils.
the new right CHUBB AND MOE
State education has failed to create equal opportunity because it does not have to respond to pupil’s needs.
Parents and communities cannot do anything about failing schools when the schools are controlled by the state.
Private schools deliver higher quality education because they are answerable to paying consumers (parents).
