role and status of women 1930- Flashcards
what was closed down in 1930 and why?
the zhenotdel was closed down by the overwhelmingly male communist party; there was little enthusiasm for womens rights and many members thought the zhenotdel was unecessary
what were stalins new views on marriage?
men and women should get married and stay married because the breakdown of marriage had led to gangs of abandoned children roaming the streets
how was divorce changed in 1936?
divorces were made more difficult to get- they became far too expensive for the average worker
what did stalin do to try keep families together?
men who left their families were forced to pay financial support and to discourage unmarried women from getting pregnant, paternity suits were banned
how did stalin try encourage population growth?
-abortions were banned in 1936
-contraceptives were made harder to find
-sterilisation became illegal
-women were given financial allowances for their 7th+ child until their third birthday
what did the banning of abortions lead to?
overworked and overwhelmed, many women turned to secret, unsafe abortions by unqualified people which often damaged them
this caused the infant mortality rate to increase between 1935 and 1940
how did employment change for women?
-from 1928 to 1940 the amount of female workers went from 3 to 13 million
-in 1937 women were 40% of all industry workers and 82% of new hires
where were women hired?
women were mostly concentrated in traditionally women dominated industries such as textile manufacturing
how did the role of women change?
women were given a bigger economic role but not an improved position in society, still being expected to do housework while also having jobs
what was the true nature of women’s political position?
officially the soviet union had gender equality but in reality women rarely held management jobs and were paid much less than male workers
by 1930 only 13.5% of the communist party were women
