Rogers Humanistic Personality

Question 1

Rogers stressed what about people?

Answer 1

The uniqueness of each individual

Question 2

What is self-actualisation?

Answer 2

an innate, positive drive to develop and realise our potential.

Question 3

Individuals are described as having an innate what?

Answer 3

actualising tendency, a basic motivating positive drive towards growth

Question 4

Rogers felt individuals are experts on what?

Answer 4

themselves

Question 5

What is it called when we all create out own reality?

Answer 5

Subjective frame of reference

Question 6

What type of therapy did he create?

Answer 6

person-centred

Question 7

Believes all psychological problems are caused by what?

Answer 7

blocks in our actualising tendency

Question 8

Rogers makes a distinction between what selves?

Answer 8

our real self and our self-concept

Question 9

What is the real-self?

Answer 9

our underlying organismic self

Question 10

What is unconditional positive regard?

Answer 10

accepting someone for who they are and valuing them for just being

Question 11

What is authentic?

Answer 11

being true to oneself, authentic living and confidence not to accept external influence

Question 12

What does regard mean?

Answer 12

making a difference in someones life

Question 13

We, as social animals, need what?

Answer 13

positive regard

Question 14

Why does rogers not use the word love?

Answer 14

he felt it was often a degraded term

Question 15

Instead of positive regard we often get what?

Answer 15

conditional positive regard, we get praised/loved when we behave/perform well etc

Question 16

As a result of this type of regard we aquire what?

Answer 16

conditions of worth that become part of our self concept

Question 17

When do we acquire conditions of worth?

Answer 17

during out early development and we hang on to them even when they’re no longer applicable

Question 18

Conditions of worth can make us what?

Answer 18

keep doing things that do not meet our real needs in order to gain approval

Question 19

We use conditions of worth to judge?

Answer 19

ourselves - they can lower our self-esteem

Question 20

What is the end point of self actualisation?

Answer 20

the fully functioning person

Question 21

What is the fully functioning person?

Answer 21

very open to experience and high in self acceptance with very few, if any, conditions of worth

Question 22

How many stages are in the process of counselling?

Answer 22

7

Question 23

Briefly describe the stages of counselling?

Answer 23

Starts with client taking about other people, then they begin to talk about their own feelings (establish psychological contact), then lives their feelings within the session, finally accepts feelings and is more in touch with themselves

Question 24

After a good therapeutic relationship is formed clients will have more realistic…?

Answer 24

perceptions of their world

Question 25

After a good therapeutic relationship is formed clients will behave…?

Answer 25

more rationally

Question 26

After a good therapeutic relationship is formed clients will increase their level of…?

Answer 26

personal responsibilty

Question 27

After a good therapeutic relationship is formed clients will increase their levels of self…?

Answer 27

regard

Question 28

After a good therapeutic relationship is formed clients will have an increased capacity for…?

Answer 28

good personal relationships

Question 29

Rogers believed that self-actualisation results in the individual living…?

Answer 29

ethically

Question 30

Evaluation: Description

Answer 30

Overly optimistic conceptualisation of humans, but his description of how the self is created is innovative and valuable

Question 31

Evaluation: Explaination

Answer 31

Attempts to explain a vast range of behaviours, but ignores social, cultural and historical factors which limits scope of explaination

Question 32

Evaluation: Empirical Validity

Answer 32

Positive results on his therapies, but all self-reported, need a more objective form of measurement

Question 33

Evaluation: Testable Concepts

Answer 33

Lots of testable concepts, some non-testable such as positive regard (love?)

Question 34

Evaluation: Comprehensiveness + Heuristic Value

Answer 34

his humanistic and phenomenological stance led to re-evaluation of the importance of the individual - valuable contribution to science

Question 35

Evaluation: Parsimony

Answer 35

His concepts are applied very widely to explain very different phenomena - reductionist

Question 36

Evaluation: Applied Value

Answer 36

Rogers theory commonly used as beginning of training for counsellors, means more counsellors familiar with core conditions and develop active listening skills and empathy for clients.