Rødt Fag Modul 1

Question 1

How many lobes does each lung have

Answer 1

Right lunge 3 and left lunge 2

Question 2

By what method is oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged in the lung

Answer 2

By diffusion

Question 3

Definition of diffusion

Answer 3

Movement of molecules in a fluid from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration

Question 4

What is surfactant (lungs)

Answer 4

A liquid that decreases surface tension and thereby increases compliance.

• makes sure the alveoli doesn’t collapse during exhalation.

Question 5

What is compliance (lungs)

Answer 5

How much effort is required to stretch the lungs and chest wall

-

Question 6

What is the airflow dependent on

Answer 6

Pressure difference and resistance

Question 7

Why is a high compliance (lungs) not good

Answer 7

Because like a ballon that has been blown up too many times, the lungs loose their elastic recoil. Therefore there is a high residual volume in the alveolar sacs, and making exhaling air out of the lungs difficult

Question 8

What is the volume of air that remains in the lungs after maximal expiration

Answer 8

Residual air

Question 9

What is tidal volume

Answer 9

It is the normal amount of volume going in/out in each respiratory cycle.

Volume is 500ml

Question 10

What is the normal respiratory rate

Answer 10

12 breaths/min.

Question 11

What is the minute volume (lungs)

Answer 11

How much volume in 1 min

Respiratory rate x tidal volume (6L)

Question 12

What is a pneumothorax

Answer 12

A hole/leakage in the lung causing the lung to collapse because of leakage of air into the pleural cavity

Question 13

What is the term for lung volume per unit pressure change

Answer 13

Compliance

Question 14

What is the purpose of airway conducting zones

Answer 14

To warm, moist and filter the air we breathe and conduct it into the lungs

Question 15

What is the purpose of the respiratory zone

Answer 15

To do the gas exchange between the air and the blood

Question 16

What does emphysema do to compliance

Answer 16

Compliance goes up because pressure decreases, and the elastic recoil goes down
You can’t push air out of your lungs

Question 17

What happens to compliance in patients with emphysema?

Answer 17

Compliance goes up because pressure goes down. The elastic recoil decreases. You can’t push air out of your lungs

Question 18

What is the functional importance of surfactant?

Answer 18

To decrease surface tension

Question 19

What happens to FEV1 in patients with obstructive lung disease?

Answer 19

Decreases because of increased resistance
(In the 2. 7 generations.)

Question 20

What is dead space (lung)

Answer 20

The amount of air ventilated, that does not participate in gas exchange

Question 21

What is ‘V/Q’ coupling

Answer 21

V/Q is ventilation/perfusion
- It is a ratio
- the final outcome of blood gas exchange is strongly influenced by V/Q ratio

Question 22

What is the relation between DPG and Hgb

Answer 22

• 2,3 DPG binds to Hgb when it is deoxygenated
• when bound it reduces the affinity for oxygen, so it can pick up CO2, even at small quantities

Question 23

What is DPG in Hgb

Answer 23

• 2,3 DPG binds to Hgb when it is deoxygenated
• when bound it reduces the affinity for oxygen, so it can pick up CO2, even at small quantities

Question 24

How do You calculate DO2

Answer 24

SV x HR x Hgb x Sa

Strokevolume is a given rate, and consists of preload, contractility and afterload. It is in L
Saturation in % is divided by 100.

Question 25

What does analgesia mean?

Answer 25

Analgesia is the inability to feel pain

Question 26

Explain Hypoxic vasoconstriction

Answer 26

When you have an area that isn’t participating in gas exchange, Then vasoconstriction occurs, making the are not ventilated.

Question 27

What is convection?

Answer 27

The transfer of heat due to movement of a fluid/gas

Question 28

What are cathacolamines

Answer 28

They are hormones such as adrenalin, noradrenalin and dopain.