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HScience🔬 > Rocks and Minerals Vocab > Flashcards

Rocks and Minerals Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Natural resource

A

materials found on Earth that are used by people

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2
Q

Renewable Resource

A

natural resources that are never-ending or can be replaced and/or replenished within a relatively short time }

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3
Q

Non-Renewable Resource

A

natural resources that can NOT be replaced or replenished (at a rate similar to the rate at which they are consumed) }

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4
Q

Magma

A

melted rock

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5
Q

Lava

A

melted rock that has been exposed to Earth’s surface

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6
Q

igneous rock

A

type of rock formed by cooling magma

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7
Q

sedimentary rock

A

type of rock formed when sediments pile up and then pack together over time

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8
Q

metamorphic rock

A

type of rock formed by extreme heat and pressure

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9
Q

rock cycle

A

the process of one rock changing into another type of rock over time

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10
Q

Intrusive

A

a word used to describe an igneous rock that has formed inside Earth, underground

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11
Q

Extrusive

A

a word used to describe an igneous rock that has formed outside of Earth, above ground

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12
Q

Rocks

A

naturally-occurring solids made of 1 or more minerals

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13
Q

Minerals

A

non-living materials naturally found on Earth (that exist as crystals or parts of rocks

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14
Q

Geologist

A

a person who studies rocks, minerals, and the dynamic processes of Earth

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15
Q

Fossils

A

Impressions, remains, or traces of a once-living organism from another geological age

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16
Q

paleontologist

A

a person who studies fossils and other geological evidence to learn about the ancient past

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17
Q

crystalline structure

A

a specific set of atoms or molecules arranged in a repeating pattern; all minerals have this internal structure, and it is this pattern that causes minerals to have certain properties we can see

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18
Q

Crystal Shape

A

the special form that minerals have that is caused by the way their atoms or molecules are combined; this term refers to the cubic, rhombohedron, or other shapes that are visible to the observer

19
Q

characteristic property

A

a property that is the same for a certain material - regardless of sample size

20
Q

transparency

A

this property measures how well you can see through a material

21
Q

Luster

A

this property describes how much light reflects from an object, or how shiny something is; “shiny-ness”

22
Q

Synthetic

A

Man made; not natural

23
Q

karst topography

A

a landscape characterized by caves and sinkholes that have been formed by dissolving of bedrock by slightly acidic water

23
Q

glaciation

A

the process of massive sheets of ice causing major changes in the landforms of an area by weathering, erosion, and deposition

24
Q

sediment

A

small solid pieces of material that come from rocks, minerals, or living things

25
Q

weathering

A

wearing down or breaking apart of rocks

26
Q

Erosion

A

rocks or sediments moving away from their original location

27
Q

Deposition

A

Rocks or sediment dropping off and forming layers, piles, etc.

28
Q

physical, chemical, biological

A

3 types of weathering

29
Q

wind, water, ice, gravity

A

4 forms of erosion

30
Q

pieces of rock, organic matter, air, water

A

the “ingredients” of soil

31
Q

sand, silt, clay

A

the 3 names of broken pieces of rock - from LARGEST to smallest

32
Q

weathering, erosion, deposition

A

the 3 geological processes that result in forming the main component of soil

33
Q

paleo-

A

ancient

34
Q

ign

A

fire

35
Q

meta

A

change

36
Q

morph

A

form;shape

37
Q

hem

A

blood

38
Q

-ite

A

mineral or rock name

39
Q

lith

A

rock

40
Q

paleo

A

ancient

41
Q

intra

A

inside;within

42
Q

extra

A

outside

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