Rocks and Minerals Flashcards
The tendency if a mineral to split along specific planes of weakness to form smooth, flat surfaces.
Cleavage
A solid whose atoms, ions or molecules are arranged in a regular , repeating pattern.
Crystal
The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance. D= M/V
Density
The strength of the bonds between atoms that make up the mineral.
Hardness
Not made up of living things or remains of living things.
Inorganic
A mineral that does not contain compounds of silicon and oxygen.
Nonsilicate mineral
A mineral that contains a combination of silicon and oxygen and that may also contain 1 or more minerals.
Silicate mineral
The color of a mineral in powdered form.
Streak
The standard scale against which hardness of a minerals is rated.
Mohs Hardness Scale
Rock fragments carried away by water, wind or ice.
Clastic sedimentary rock
The amount of matter that makes up a substance.
Mass
The gravitational force that is exerted on an object.
Weight
The amount of space that a substance or object occupies.
Volume
“Deep rock” Form the core of many mountain ranges. Cover at least 100 km-squared.
Batholith
The process in which mineral precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form rocks.
Cementation
Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals precipitate from a solutions or settle from a suspension.
Chemical sedimentary rock