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Earth and Life Science > Rocks and Minerals > Flashcards

Rocks and Minerals Flashcards

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1
Q

Naturally occurring aggregate or combinations of minerals and mineraloids such as fossils and glass.

A

Rocks

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2
Q

A layer of sedimentary rock/soil that was formed at the Earth’s surface.

A

Strata

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3
Q

Rocks formed from the exposure of sedimentary rocks/igneous rocks to high pressure, temperature, or both deep within the Earth’s surface.

A

Metamorphic Rocks

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4
Q

Transformation of rocks into denser and more compact minerals.

A

Metamorphism

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5
Q

Slow cooling magma formed with good crystallisation.

A

Intrusive Igneous

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6
Q

Fast-cooling lava, rocks formed with no visible crystal.

A

Extrusive Igneous

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7
Q

A combination of the products weathering and erosion and organic material.

A

Sedimentary Rocks

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8
Q

Accumulation of rocks.

A

Deposition

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9
Q

Due to exposure to horizontal pressure, friction and heat caused by the tectonic processes and sometimes subjected to heat brought by magma from the Earth’s surface.

A

Distinct Foliation

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10
Q

The size, shape, and arrangement of mineral grains.

A

Texture

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11
Q

These rocks have grains that are too small to see or identify.

A

Aphanitic Rocks

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12
Q

These rocks have grains that are large enough to identify.

A

Phaneritic Rocks

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13
Q

Size of Aphanitic Rocks?

A

less than 1.16mm

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14
Q

Size of Phaneritic Rocks?

A

greater than 1.16mm

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15
Q

Three classes of rocks each have distinct textures; they also possess distinct mineral ___________.

A

Composition

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16
Q

The building blocks of rocks. It is composed of elements such are those found in the periodic table.

A

Minerals

17
Q

Refers to the visible tint that a mineral sample appears in our naked eye.

A

Color

18
Q

The color of a mineral in its powdered form.

A

Streak

19
Q

Quality of light on the surface of crystial.

A

Luster

20
Q

Refers to the way some minerals break along certain lines of weakness in their structure.

A

Cleavage

21
Q

Minerals that display ________ tend to break along on curved surfaces WITHOUT definite shape.

A

Fracture

22
Q

Refers to the mineral’s resistance to scratch.

A

Hardness

Earth and Life Science (4 decks)

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