Rocks and Minerals Flashcards
Mineral
a naturally occuring, usually inorganic solid that has a definite crystalline structure and chemical composition
Crystal
a solid, geometric form that results from a repeating pattern of atoms or molecules
Streak
the color of the powdered form of a mineral
Luster
the way a surface reflects light
Cleavage
the tendency of a mineral to split along specific planes of weakness to form smooth, flat surfaces
Rock
a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals that may also include organic matter
Weathering
the process by which water, wind, ice, and changes in temperature break down rock
Erosion
the process by which sediment is moved from one place to another
Deposition
the process by which sediment comes to rest
Igneous rock
it forms when magma or lava cools and harden to become solid
Sedimentary rock
it forms when minerals that form from solutions or sediment from older rocks get pressed and cemented together
Metamorphic rock
it forms when pressure, temperature, or chemical processes change existing rock
Rock cycle
the series of processes in which rock changes from one type to another
Uplift
is the rising of regions of the crust to higher elevations
Subsidence
is the sinking of regions of the crust to lower elevations
