Rocks Flashcards
hot fluid within the earth crust, in which lava forms from cooling.
magma
geometrically regular form with symmetrically arranged plane faces.
crystals
elements found uncombined in the earths crust
native elements
a measure of how hard difficult it is to scratch the surface of a solid
hardness
appearance of an mineral caused by the way it reflects light. it can appear glossy,waxy.dull,peraly ect
lustre
material broken down by weathering and erosion that is moved by wind or water .
sediments
the outmost layer of the earth, includes the crust and uppermost part of the mantle.
lithoshere
colour of a mineral as fine powder, found by rubbing
streak
all rocks consists these
mineral
the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
Erosion
rocks composed of broken pieces of older rocks.
clastic
when rocks have been evaporated by water and dissoved minerals are left behind.
Chemical
when rocks that are made from dead thing. Dead (once alive).
organic
the remains or impression of a plant or animal embedded in rock and preserved .
fossils
rocks that form from the cooling of lava or magma as it is thrown through the air from a volcanic eruption
igneous rocks
in which hot magma from inside the Earth crust flows out onto the surface as lava to form rock
extrusive rocks
a rock that is light and has many holes due to being solidified in the air. it also that light it can float on water
pumice
a dark, igneous rock formed from gassy lava that cools quickly
scoria
a dark-colored, fine-grained, igneous rock it tends to be sharp and have holes.
basalt
when the rock solidified in the crust.
intrusive rocks
a black, glassy rock that breaks into pieces with smooth shell-like surfaces
obsidian
igneous rock consisting mainly of quartz, mica, and feldspar and often used as a building stone.
Granite
the process that changes rocks by extreme pressure or heat (or both)
metamorphism
rock formed from another rock that has been under great heat or pressure (or both)
metamorphic rocks
a metamorphic rock formed as a result of great pressure on limestone
marble
a coarse-grained metamorphic rock formed mainly as a result of great pressure on granite
gneiss
rocks mined to obtain a metal or other chemical within them
mineral ores
extraction of natural resources from the Earth
mining
study of the possible effects of a planned project on the environment
environmental impact statement (EIS)
restored to its previous condition
rehabilitated
any remains, impression, or trace of an animal or plant of a former geological age; evidence of life in the past
Fossils
fossil any remains, impression, or trace of an animal or plant of a former geological age; evidence of life in the past
folding
a scientist who studies fossils
palaeontologists
the age of a rock compared with the age of another rock
relative age
animal that eats other animals
carnivores
animals that eat dead plant and animal material
scavengers
cavity in a rock that shows the shape of the hard parts of an organism; types of fungi found growing on the surface of foods
mould
something that is no longer alive but was ones alive
extinct
fossils that provide evidence, such as footprints, that an organism was present when the rock was formed
trace fossils
describes an animal whose body temperature is determined by its environment
ectothermic
extraction of natural resources from the Earth
mining
restored to its previous condition
rehabilitated
waste rock removed from below the topsoil. This rock is replaced when the area is restored.
overburden
mining that scours out soil and rocks on the surface of the land
open-cut mining
underground mining mining that uses shafts and tunnels to remove rock from deep below the surface
underground
