Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 8 science > rocks > Flashcards

rocks Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

rocks are all made of different minerals

A

minerals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the outermost layer of the Earth, includes the crust and uppermost part of the mantle

A

lithosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

a very hot mixture of molten rock and gases, just below the Earth’s surface, that has come from the mantle

A

magma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

material broken down by weathering and erosion that is moved by wind or water and collects in layers

A

sediments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

elements found uncombined in the Earth’s crust

A

native elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

geometrically-shaped substance made up of atoms and molecules arranged in one of seven different shapes. The elements that make up a crystal and the conditions present during the crystal’s growth determine the arrangement of atoms and molecules and the shape of the crystals.

A

crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

is the way light interacts with the surface of a crystal, rock, or mineral

A

Lustre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the quality or condition of being hard

A

hardness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

of a mineral is the color of the powder produced when it is dragged across an un-weathered surface.

A

streak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth’s crust, and then transports it to another location

A

erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when there is buildup of tiny pieces of broken rocks

A

Clastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when components of water evaporate and previously dissolved minerals are left behind.

A

chemical rocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

occur as a result of the accumulation of any form of animal or plant remains like bones.

A

organic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

remains or impression of a prehistoric plant or animal embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form.

A

fossil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

rocks that cool down thrown through the air. ( magma or lava

A

igneous rocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

rocks that form on top of the earths surface

A

extrusive rocks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

a pale rock that forms when frothy lava cools in the air. Pumice often floats on water as it is very light and full of holes that once contained gas.

A

pumice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

a rock that cools down quickly by gassy lava

A

scoria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

a property of a material or substance that easily scratches another

A

abrasive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

a dark, igneous rock with small crystals formed by fast cooling of hot lava. It sometimes has holes that once contained volcanic gases

A

basalt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

a smooth rock that feels like glass and breaks into pieces easily (black rock)

A

obsidian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

igneous rock, that comes by magma from the earths crust

A

intrusive rocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

intrusive rock mass that measures more than 100 kilometres across

A

batholiths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

a very shiny, crystal like rock large enough to see and forms slowly.

A

granite

25
Q

flat, open land beside a river where sediments are deposited during floods

A

floodplains

26
Q

large bodies of ice that move down slopes and push boulders, rocks and gravel in front of them

A

glaciers

27
Q

deposit left by movement of a glacier

A

moraines

28
Q

a sedimentary rock with medium-sized grains. The sand grains are cemented together by silica, lime or other salts.

A

sandstone

29
Q

a fine-grained, sedimentary rock without layering

A

mudstone

30
Q

a fine-grained sedimentary rock formed in layers by the consolidation of clay

A

shale

31
Q

a sedimentary rock with a particle size between that of sandstone and mudstone

A

siltstone

32
Q

sedimentary rock containing large particles of various sizes cemented together

A

conglomerate

33
Q

a sedimentary rock formed from the remains of sea organisms. It consists mainly of calcium carbonate.

A

limestone

34
Q

a sedimentary rock formed from dead plants and animals that were buried before rotting completely

A

Coal

35
Q

a sedimentary deposit formed when a salt lake or seabed dried up. Its main chemical is sodium chloride.

A

rock salt

36
Q

the process that changes rocks by extreme pressure or heat (or both)

A

metamorphism

37
Q

rock formed from another rock that has been under great heat or pressure (or both)

A

metamorphic rocks

38
Q

a metamorphic rock formed as a result of great pressure on limestone

A

marble

39
Q

a coarse-grained metamorphic rock formed mainly as a result of great pressure on granite

A

gneiss

40
Q

is a basic concept in geology that describes transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous.

A

rock cycles

41
Q

rocks mined to obtain a metal or other chemical within them

A

mineral ore

42
Q

extraction of natural resources from the Earth

A

mining

43
Q

study of the possible effects of a planned project on the environment

A

environmental impact statement

44
Q

restored to its previous condition

A

rehabilitaded

45
Q

waste rock removed from below the topsoil. This rock is replaced when the area is restored.

A

overburden

46
Q

mining that scours out soil and rocks on the surface of the land

A

open-cut mining

47
Q

mining that uses shafts and tunnels to remove rock from deep below the surface

A

underground mining.

48
Q

the time beginning about two million years ago during which early humans made implements of stone

A

stone age

49
Q

a mixture of a metal with a non-metal or another metal

A

alloy

50
Q

a fine-grained sedimentary rock which leaves a very sharp edge when broken

A

flint

51
Q

a process in which tool stones such as flint or obsidian were struck with harder stones, such as quartzite, to shear large flakes that could be used to make small tools

A

percussion flaking

52
Q

the buckling of rocks. It is caused when rocks are under pressure from both sides.

A

folding

53
Q

a scientist who studies fossils

A

palaeontologists

54
Q

the age of a rock compared with the age of another rock

A

relative age

55
Q

animal that eats other animals

A

carivores

56
Q

animals that eat dead plant and animal material

A

scavengers

57
Q

cavity in a rock that shows the shape of the hard parts of an organism; types of fungi found growing on the surface of foods

A

mould

58
Q

fossils that provide evidence, such as footprints, that an organism was present when the rock was formed

A

trace fossils

59
Q

describes volcanoes that are no longer active. Extinct volcanoes have not erupted for thousands of years and show no sign of future eruption.

A

extinct

Year 8 science (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions