Rocks Flashcards
Igneous
Is a type of rock made from Lava or Magma
Magma
Magma is when hot liquid doesn’t come out of the volcano
Lava
Magma that has reached the surface of the earth
Extrusive
Rocks that fly out of a volcano or form on the ground
Intrusive
Rock that form inside the the chambers
mineral
A solid that is form om the earth
lithosphere
The outer part of the earth
Asthenosphere
The upper layer of the earth mantel
Crystal
a small piece of a substance and is formed when the substance turns into a solid
sedimentary rocks
rocks formed from by water
erosion
the wearing away of the soil and rock
floodplains
flat open land beside a river where sediments form after a flood or over flow of the river
glaciers
Large object of ice moving down slops
moraines
the rock that are left there by the glacier
sandstone
a rock with medium-sized grains
Mudstone
a grained, sedimentary rock without layers of rock/ sand
shale
a grained sedimentary rock formed in layers of clay
Siltstone
a sedimentary rock with a average size of Sandstone and Mudstone grains
conglomerate
sedimentary rock containing large grain of different sizes cemented together
limestone
a sedimentary rock formed from the remains of sea rocks
coal
a sedimentary rock formed from dead plants and animals
rock salt
a sedimentary rock that is formed when salt lake dries up
Metamorphic rocks
Rock that was once one form of rock but has changed to another by heat and pressure
Metamorphism
alteration of the composition or structure of a rock by heat and pressure
mineral ores
rocks mined to obtain a metal or other chemical
mining
extracting natural resources from the Earth
environmental impact statement
study of the possible effects of a planned project on the environment
rehabilitated
restored to its previous condition
overburden
waste rock removed from below the topsoil.
open-cut mining
mining that scours out soil and rocks on the surface of the land
underground mining
mining that uses shafts and tunnels to remove rock from deep below the surface
Stone Age
the first known period of human culture by the use of stone tools
alloy
a metal made by combining two or more metallic elements
flint
a hard grey rock consisting of nearly pure silica
percussion flaking
the shaping of a stone implement by striking or chipping off flakes with another stone or a piece of wood bone
fossil
any remains of an animal or plant
folding
the buckling of rocks
palaeontologists
a scientist who studies fossils
relative age
the age of a rock compared with the age of another rock
carnivores
animal that eats other animals
scavengers
animals that eat dead plant and animal material
mould
a rock that shows the shape of the hard parts
trace fossils
fossils that provide evidence such as footprints
extinct
something that does not exist
