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Science > Rocks > Flashcards

Rocks Flashcards

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1
Q

Rocks that form when magma or lava cools and hardens are called ____________

A

Igneous

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2
Q

What is melted rock called that is beneath the Earth’s surface?

A

Magma

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3
Q

How does magma reach the Earth’s surface?

A

Through the vent and the hole at the top of a volcano

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4
Q

What builds up inside the Earth and forces magma upward

A

Pressure

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5
Q

Materials from Earth that people use are known as _______

A

Natural Resources

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6
Q

What is magma called when it leaves the volcano

A

Lava

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7
Q

Magma slowly ___________ and _______ under the Earth’s surface

A

Cools, hardens

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8
Q

What type of rock would you expect to find around volcanoes

A

Igneous

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9
Q

Granite is an example of what kind of rock

A

Igneous

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10
Q

What igneous rock has a glassy surface, sharp edges, and was used by the Native Americans as arrowheads

A

Obsidian

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11
Q

Granite is formed from cooled __________

A

Magma

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12
Q

The Hawaiian islands are made of what kind of hardened lava?

A

Basalt

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13
Q

What igneous rock is formed from trapped gases when a volcano erupts

A

Pumice

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14
Q

Scientist use the layers in _________________ rocks to piece together Earth’s history

A

Sedimentary

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15
Q

What kinds of rocks form when bits of rocks and minerals are compacted and cemented by Earth’s processes

A

Sedimentary rocks

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16
Q

When the weight of water and the air above the sediments press the sediments together this process is called

A

Compaction

17
Q

What is the process called that slowly cements layers of sediments together and form rock

A

Cementation

18
Q

What two factors change rock into sediments

A

Wind and water

19
Q

What two factors change lower layers of sediments into rock

A

Compaction and cementation

20
Q

Rock salt is and example of what kind of rock

A

Sedimentary

Science (4 decks)

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