Rocks

Question 1

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 1

lithification (crystallization of mineral rich water) of sediments

Question 2

How are sedimentary rocks classified by?

Answer 2

Clastic and Non-Clastic

Question 3

What’s the characteristics / differences between clastic and non clastic ?

Answer 3

Clastic-rocks made of other rocks
Non clastic:
Organic-made of organic material
Chemical-precipitants out of solution

Question 4

Example of Clastic Sedimentary Rock

Answer 4

Shale
sandstone
conglomerate

Question 5

Example of Non-clastic Organic sedimentary rock.

Answer 5

Fossiliforus limestone

lignite

Question 6

Example on non clastic chemical sedimentary rock

Answer 6

gypsum
compact limestone
rock salt

Question 7

how are metamorphic rocks formed?

Answer 7

rocks are subjected to hot mineral rich fluids, high heat, high pressure, and/or more commonly, a combination || transformation of a pre existing rock

Question 8

How are metamorphic rocks classified ?

Answer 8

Foliated

non foliated

Question 9

What are the characteristics / differences between foliated and non foliated ?

Answer 9

foliated - bands and layers

non foliated - no bands and layers

Question 10

Example of foliated metamorphic rock

Answer 10

gneiss

slate

Question 11

example of nonfoliated metamorphic rock

Answer 11

marble

quartzite

Question 12

how do igneous rocks form

Answer 12

cooling of lava or magma

Question 13

types of igneous rocks

Answer 13

extrusive

intrusive

Question 14

difference between extrusive and intrusive

Answer 14

extrusive(volcanic)-Cools above ground (lava) ; holes ; little to no crystals
intrusive(plutonic)-Cools below ground ; magma ; large crystals

Question 15

Example of extrusive igneous

Answer 15

obsidian
pumice
basalt
scoria

Question 16

example of intrusive igneous rock

Answer 16

diorite
granite
Gabro

Question 17

About silicates

Answer 17

have SiO4 / silicone
Quartz and feldspar
more common
igneous rocks
compose 95% of earths crust

Question 18

About carbonates

Answer 18

CO3 / Carbon
Calcite & Dolmite
transparent / light in color
perfect cleavage

Question 19

Both silicates and carbonates …..|

Answer 19

bond to a metal

Question 20

characteristics used to identify minerals

Answer 20

streak
luster
hardness
fracture of cleavage
reacts to HCl

Question 21

Which minerals/rocks react to HCl ((bubble and fizz))

Answer 21

limestone
calcite
marble

Question 22

Root pry

Answer 22

Root breaks thru the rock ; mechanical

Question 23

abbrasian

Answer 23

rocks rub against each other ; mechanical

Question 24

ice wedging

Answer 24

Ice gets in the cracks - expands ; potholes

Question 25

dissolution

Answer 25

acid dissolves rock ; chemical

Question 26

oxidation

Answer 26

oxide and a metal ( rust )

Question 27

erosion

Answer 27

movement of sediment ( not classified as weathering )