Rocks Flashcards
What is magma ?
Magma is a hot liquid formed in the mantle.
What are minerals ?
A mineral is found in rocks and occurs naturally,solid and made from chemicals.
What does lithosphere mean ?
The lithosphere is the earths crust and is the top layer of earth.
What are sediments ?
Sediments are particles that have been eroded or moved by wind,rain or currents.
What are elements ?
Elements are found in the earths crust for example diamonds,gold and iron.
What are crystals ?
Crystals are made from atoms and molecules and vary in the size and arranged in different shapes.
What is lustre ?
Lustre is the way a mineral reflects light, waxy,pearly,glossy,metallic and shiny.
What is streak ?
Streak is the colour of a mineral in fine powder form.
What is hardness ?
Hardness is the measure of the minerals being scratched against each other to see which one is harder. Measured in the Moh’s scale for example diamond is harder than Quartz and talc.
What is igneous rock ?
Igneous rock is formed when hot molten rock pours out of a volcano and covers the earths surface.
What is extrusive rock
Extrusive rock is when the larva cools under the earths surface.
What is pumice rock ?
Pumice rock is a pale rock that is frothy larva cools in the air.
Scoria
Scoria is a dark igneous rock formed from gassy larva that cools quickly.
Abrasive
Abrasive is a material or substance that easily scratches another.
Basalt
Basalt is a dark igneous rock with small crystals that is formed by fast cooling hot larva
Obsidian
Obsidian is a black glassy rock that breaks into pieces with smoothie she’ll like surfaces.
Intrusive rocks
Intrusive rocks are rocks that are formed from magma under the earths surface.
Batholiths
Are intrusive rock mass that measures more then 100 km across.
Granite
Granite is a hard rock with different coloured crystals large enough to see for example pink,grey and white.
What are sedimentary rocks ?
Sedimentary rocks or rocks that are formed from rain,wind,water or ice.
What is erosion ?
Erosion is when a big block of dirt,rock etc moves and ends up in a different spot.
What are flood plains ?
It is a flat open land beside a river where sediments placed during floods.
What is sandstone ?
Sandstone is like a brick. It is compacted sand with mini crystals to make it stronger.
What are glaciers ?
Glaciers are big blocks or ice normally found in Antarctica.
What is Moraine ?
Moraine is the deposits left by the movement of a glacier.
What is mudstone ?
Mudstone is a fine grained sedimentary rock without layering.
What is shale ?
Shale is also a fine grained rock formed in layers by the thickness of clay.
What is siltstone ?
Siltstone is a sedimentary rock with a particle size between that of sandstone and mudstone.
What is conglomerate ?
Conglomerate is a sedimentary rock that contains large particles of different sizes stuck together.
What is limestone ?
Limestone is a sedimentary rock formed by the remains of sea organisms.
What is coal ?
Coal is an important resource in every day life it is a sedimentary rock and is formed from dead plants or animals.
What is rock salt ?
Rock salt is a sedimentary rock formed when a salt lake or seabed dries up. It’s main chemical is sodium chlorine.
What is metamorphism ?
Metamorphism is the process that changes rocks by extreme pressure or heat.
What is metamorphic rock ?
Metamorphic rocks or formed from another rock that has been under great heat or pressure.
What is slate ?
Slate is a fine grained metamorphic rock formed as a result of moderate heat and pressure on shale.
What is marble ?
Marble is a metamorphic rock formed as a result of great pressure on limestone.
What is gneiss ?
Gneiss is a coarse grained metamorphic rock formed mainly as a result of great pressure on granite.
What is the Stone Age ?
The Stone Age was a time beginning about two million years ago during which early humans made implements of stone
What is alloy ?
Alloy is a mixture of metal with another metal.
What is Flint ?
Flint is a fine grained sedimentary rock which leaves a very sharp edge when broken.
What is percussion flaking ?
Percussion flaking is a process in which tool stones such as Flint or obsidian were struck with harder stones.
What is Law of conservation of energy
Law of Conservation of Energy: a law that states that energy cannot be made or lost. However, energy can be transformed from one type to another or transferred from one object to another.
What is electrical energy ?
Electrical energy is the energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor.
What is gravitational potential energy ?
Gravitational energy is energy stored due to the height of an object above a base level.
What is chemical energy ?
It is potential energy derived from chemical reactions.
What is nuclear energy ?
It is energy stored at the centre of atoms.
What is efficiency ?
The fraction of energy that is supplied to a device as useful energy.
