Rocks Flashcards
A combination of one or more minerals found in Earth’s crust
Rock
A consolidated aggregate of various types of minerals or a consolidated aggregate of multiple individual pieces of the same kind of minerals
Rock
The study of the earth that deals with the origin, structure, occurrence, and history of the rocks
Petrology
The fundamental building materials of the lithosphere
Rocks
3 types of rocks
Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic
When a molten rock material cools and solidify
Igneous rocks
2 major categories of igneous rock
Extrusive and intrusive
Molten material that solidifies at Earth’s surface
Extrusive igneous rock
Also called volcanic rock
Extrusive igneous rock
It is made from lava
Extrusive igneous rock
Example of extrusive igneous rock
Rhyolite, andesite, basalt
When molten rock beneath Earth’s surface changes to solid(solidifies)
Intrusive igneous rock
Also refered to as plutonic rock after pluto a
Intrusive igneous rock, roman god of underworld
Example of intrusive igneous rock
Granite diorite gabbro
2 classification of igneous rock
Texture, composition
3 texture of igneous rock
Coarse grained, fine grained, and glassy texture
Is caused by slow cooling resulting in larger crystals
Coarse grained texture
Is caused by rapid cooling resulting in smaller, interconnected mineral grains
Fine grained texture
Caused by very rapid cooling
Glassy texture
2 types of composition in igneous rock
Felsic, ultramafic composition
Generally light colored
Felsic
Made mostly from iron and magnesium rich minerals. Generally, very dark colored rocks
Ultramafic composition
Made of sediments(dead plants and animal remains)and tiny particles of weathered and eroded rocks
Sedimentary rock
