ROC-A Flashcards
1
Q
ROC-A
A
Restricted Operator Certificate with Aeronautical Qualification
2
Q
e.r.p.
A
effective radiated power
3
Q
PEP
A
peak envelope power
4
Q
What is the order of priority for transmission of messages in the aeronautical service?
A
- Distress communications.
- Urgency communications.
- Communications relating to radio direction-finding.
- Flight safety messages.
- Meteorological messages.
- Flight regularity messages.
- Messages relating to the application of the United Nations Charter.
- Government messages for which priority has been expressly requested.
- Service communications relating to the workings of the telecommunication service or to communications previously exchanged.
- All other aeronautical communications.
5
Q
What is subsection 9(2) of the Radiocommunication Act?
A
No person shall divulge the contents, or the existence, of communications transmitted, received, or intercepted by a radio station, except as permitted by the addressee of the message or his/her accredited agent, or to authorized officials of the Government of Canada, officers of the court or an operator of a telecommunications system as is necessary to forward or deliver the communication. These restrictions do not apply to a message of distress, urgency, safety or to messages addressed to “ALL STATIONS” (i.e. weather reports, storm warnings, etc.).
6
Q
What are the consequences of violating the privacy of communication?
A
As outlined in section 9.1 of the Act, any person who violates the privacy of communications is liable, on summary conviction, in the case of an individual, to a fine not exceeding $25,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both, or in the case of a person other than an individual, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding $75,000.
7
Q
Who controls communications? As in the order and time of transmission, the choice of frequency, and the duration and suspension of communications.
A
Between aeronautical ground stations and aircraft stations - ground has control unless it’s a distress or urgency communication in which case whoever initiated the call has control.
Between aircraft - the station being called has control.
Frequency to be used is to be said and confirmed in all cases.
8
Q
What is subsection 32(1) of the Radiocommunication Regulations?
A
Superfluous communication, as well as profane and obscene language, is strictly prohibited.
9
Q
What are the consequences of violating subsection 32(1) of the Radiocommunication Regulations?
A
Any person who violates the regulations relative to unauthorized communications, profane or obscene language is liable, on summary conviction, in the case of an individual, to a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both, or in the case of a corporation, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding twenty-five thousand dollars.
10
Q
What violation has the same penalties as those for violating subsection 32(1) of the Radiocommunication Regulations?
A
The Act clearly states that all radio stations shall be operated so as not to interfere with or interrupt the working of another radio station. The penalties are the same for those for violating subsection 32(1) of the Radiocommunication Regulations.
11
Q
When is it ok to interrupt or interfere with the normal working of another station?
A
When you are required to transmit a higher priority call or message, for example, distress, urgency, or other priority calls or messages.
12
Q
What is paragraph 9(1)(a) of the Radiocommuncation Act?
A
No person shall knowingly send, transmit, or cause to be sent or transmitted any false or fraudulent distress signal, message, call, or radiogram of any kind.
13
Q
What are the penalties of sending a false distress signal?
A
Penalties for this offence, on summary conviction, in the case of an individual, can include a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars or imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both, or, in the case of a corporation, to a fine not exceeding $25,000.
14
Q
What are the two main tips for talking on the radio?
A
Speed: Keep the rate of speech constant, neither too fast nor too slow. Remember that the operator receiving your message may have to write it down.
Rhythm: Preserve the rhythm of ordinary conversation and word pronunciation. Also, avoid the introduction of unnecessary sounds such as “er” and “um” between words.
15
Q
How is time expressed on the radio?
A
24 hour clock, 4 digits, and zulu time.
Or, if ALL operations are in one time zone, time can be expressed in the local time zone with it indicated at the end. For example 1200 E (E is EST).
0920Z - Zero nine two zero zulu
16
Q
What is the one standard time zone?
A
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) aka Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) aka zulu time (Z)
17
Q
How is date expressed on the radio with time?
A
6 digit number… first two is day of the month.
161200
18
Q
A
A
Alfa
19
Q
B
A
Bravo
20
Q
C
A
Charlie
21
Q
D
A
Delta
22
Q
E
A
Echo
23
Q
F
A
Foxtrot
24
Q
G
A
Golf
25
H
Hotel
26
I
India
27
J
Juliet
28
K
Kilo
29
L
Lima
30
M
Mike
31
N
November
32
O
Oscar
33
P
Papa
34
Q
Quebec
35
R
Romeo
36
S
Sierra
37
T
Tango
38
U
Uniform
39
V
Victor
40
W
Whiskey
41
X
X-Ray
42
Y
Yankee
43
Z
Zulu
44
0
ZE-RO
45
1
WUN
46
2
TOO
47
3
TREE
48
4
FOW-er
49
5
FIFE
50
6
SIX
51
7
SEV-en
52
8
AIT
53
9
NIN-er
54
How are numbers expressed on the radio?
All numbers except whole numbers should be transmitted by pronouncing each digit separately. If there are any decimals, they are indicated by the word "decimal." Dollars say dollars at the beginning.
100 becomes - one zero zero
11,000 becomes - one one thousand
68,009 becomes - six eight zero zero nine
121.5 becomes - one two one decimal five
$17.25 becomes - dollars one seven decimal two five
55
How is altitude above sea level expressed on the radio?
Altitude above sea level should be expressed in thousands plus hundreds of feet. Separate digits shall be used to express flight levels.
2700 - Two thousand seven hundred
FL265 - Flight level two six five
56
How are aircraft type numbers, wind speed, and cloud formation heights expressed?
In group forms.
Flight 320 - Flight three twenty
DC10 - DC ten
34BKN - Thirty Four Hundred Broken
Wind 270/1- - Wind two seven zero degrees one zero knots
57
How are aircraft headings expressed?
Aircraft headings are given in groups of three digits. If operating within the Southern Domestic Airspace, the heading is expressed in degrees "magnetic." If operating within the Northern Domestic Airspace, the heading is expressed in degrees "true."
005 degrees - Heading zero zero five
350 degrees - Heading three five zero
58
How are aerodrome elevations expressed?
In feet, prefixed by the expression "field elevation."
150 - Field elevation one five zero
3500 - Field elevation three thousand five zero zero
59
When should call signs be used?
A distinctive call sign is assigned to radio stations for identification purposes and should be used at least when initial contact is being established, and again when the communication is concluded. Aeronautical call signs should always be pronounced phonetically.
An aircraft's call sign can be the same as the aircraft's markings. The call sign and markings are assigned to the aircraft by Transport Canada.
60
What call signs do Canadian air carriers use?
Their assigned company name, followed by the flight number or the last three characters of the aircraft registration.
AIR CANADA ONE FOUR NINE
61
What call signs do Canadian Private aircraft use?
The manufacturer's name or their type of aircraft, followed by the last four letters of the registration.
CESSNA ONE EIGHT TWO GOLF FOXTROT ALFA CHARLIE (Cessna-182 GFAC)
62
What call signs do aeronautical ground stations use?
The name of the airport or its geographical location, followed if necessary, by a suitable word indicating the function of the station.
Examples:
Area control centre - Ottawa Centre
Surface movement control - Toronto Ground
Flight information service station - Ottawa Information
Clearance Delivery - Edmonton Delivery
Approach control radar arrivals - Ottawa Arrival
Approach control radar departures - Winnipeg Departure
Precision approach radar - Montreal Precision
Community aerodrome radio station - Eskimo Tower
Private aeronautical station - Radio
Company Dispatch - Dispatch
63
What is the spoken when calling another station? When calling all stations?
The call sign identifier of the station being called is ALWAYS spoken first, followed by the words "THIS IS" and the calling station's identifier.
Then the frequency on which the calling station is transmitting.
Then the invitation to reply - "OVER"
When calling all stations, the procedure is the same, excepts "ALL STATIONS" is said instead of a specific station call sign in the beginning.
64
What is said when replying to a call?
CHARLIE KILO BRAVO
THIS IS TWO SIX
GO AHEAD (or STAND BY TWO MINUTES)
65
What do you do if you are uncertain if the call is for your station or if you are unsure who's calling?
When station operators hear a call but are uncertain that the call is intended for their station, they should not reply until the call has been repeated and understood.
```
When station operators hear a call but are not sure of the identity of the calling station, they should reply immediately using the words:
STATION CALLING
THIS IS TWO SIX
SAY AGAIN
OVER
```
66
How do you terminate communications?
By saying OUT
CHARLIE KILO BRAVO
THIS IS TWO SIX
RECEIVED HEADING
OUT
67
How do you fix a mistake in a transmission?
When an error has been made in transmission, the word "CORRECTION" should be spoken, followed by the last correct word or phrase and then by the corrected version of the transmission.
OVER OTTAWA AT TWO SEVEN CORRECTION TWO EIGHT PROCEED TO DOCK FOUR CORRECTION DOCK FIVE
68
How do you get someone to repeat something?
If the receiving station requires the repetition of an entire message, the operator should use the words "SAY AGAIN. " If repetition of only a portion of a message is required, the receiving station should use the following:
1. SAY AGAIN ALL BEFORE ... (the first word satisfactorily received); or
2. SAY AGAIN ... (word before missing portion) TO ... (word after missing portion); or
3. SAY AGAIN ALL AFTER ... (last words satisfactorily received).
69
What are the message handling procedures?
When transmitting a message, the radio station operator should:
1. plan the content of the message before transmitting;
2. listen briefly before transmitting to avoid interference with other transmutations;
3. deliver the radio message clearly and concisely using standard phraseology whenever practical.
70
What is the message handling format?
The message handling format generally consists of four parts:
1. the call indicating the addressee and the originator;
2. the addressee reply;
3. the message;
4. the acknowledgement or ending.
71
What is the procedure when your radio station requires a signal (or radio) check?
1. Call another aircraft or aeronautical ground station on any appropriate frequency that will not interfere with the normal working of other aircraft or ground stations, and request a signal check.
2. The signal check consists of "SIGNAL (or RADIO) CHECK 1,2,3,4,5. HOW DO YOU READ ME? OVER."
3. Your station identification (call sign) should also be transmitted during such test transmissions.
4. Signal checks should not last more than 10 seconds.
5. When replying or receiving a reply to a signal check, the following readability scale should be used:
- 1. Bad - unreadable
- 2. Poor - readable now and then
- 3. Fair - readable but with difficulty
- 4. Good - readable
- 5. Excellent - perfectly readable
72
What are the types of communication checks?
Signal Check - If the test is made while the aircraft is airborne.
Preflight Check - If the test is made prior to departure.
Maintenance Check - If the test is made by ground maintenance.
73
Distress
A condition of being threatened by grave and/or imminent danger and requiring immediate assistance.
74
Urgency
A condition concerning the safety of an aircraft or other vehicle, or of someone on board or within sight, but which does not require immediate assistance.
75
What procedures should be followed for distress communications?
1. The first transmission of the distress call and message by an aircraft should be made on the air-ground frequency in use at the time. If the aircraft is unable to establish communications on the frequency in use, the distress call and message should be repeated on the aeronautical emergency frequency (121.5 MHz), or any other frequency available, in an effort to establish communications with any aeronautical ground station or other aircraft station.
2. The spoken word for distress is "MAYDAY" and it should be used at the commencement of the first distress communication three times. Then THIS IS, then the aircraft call sign three times. It should not be addressed to a particular station.
MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY
THIS IS
CHARLIE KILO BRAVO
CHARLIE KILO BRAVO
CHARLIE KILO BRAVO
3. The distress message shall follow the distress call as soon as possible. It should include as many as possible of the following elements spoken distinctly and, if possible, in the following order:
- 1. the distress signal "MAYDAY";
- 2. the call sign of the station in distress (once);
- 3. the nature of the distress condition and kind of assistance required (i.e. what has happened);
- 4. the intentions of the person in command;
- 5. the particulars of its position (airspeed, altitude, heading);
- 6. the number of persons on board and injuries (if applicable);
- 7. any other information that may facilitate rescue; and
- 8. the call sign of the station in distress.
In distress traffic, the distress signal "MAYDAY," spoken once, shall priced ALL transmissions.
76
What does MAYDAY indicate?
The distress signal indicates that a person or station sending the signal is:
1. threatened by grave and imminent danger and requires immediate assistance; or
2. aware that an aircraft, ship or other vehicle is threatened by grave and imminent danger and requires immediate assistance.
77
What is the priority of a distress call?
The distress call has absolute priority over all other transmissions. All stations which hear it shall immediately cease any transmission capable of interfering with distress traffic and continue to listen on the frequency used for the distress call.
78
When an aircraft is threatened by grave and imminent danger, and requires immediate assistance, the person in command should direct appropriate action as follows:
1. transmit the distress call;
2. transmit the distress message;
3. listen for acknowledgement of receipt;
4. exchange further distress traffic as applicable;
5. activate automatic emergency equipment (i.e. emergency locator transmitter (ELT)) if available and when appropriate.
79
An aircraft station that is not in distress should transmit the distress message when:
1. the station in distress is not in a position to transmit the message; or
2. the person in command of the station not in distress believes that further help is necessary; or
3. although not in a position to render assistance, the aircraft station has heard a distress message which has not been acknowledged.
When a distress message is received and it is known that the aircraft is not in the immediate vicinity, sufficient time should be allowed before the distress message is acknowledged. This will permit stations nearer to the station in distress to reply.
80
What actions should be taken by other stations hearing a distress message?
1. Continue to monitor the frequency on which the distress message was received and, if possible, establish a continuous watch on appropriate distress and emergency frequencies.
2. Notify any station with direction-finding or radar facilities and request assistance, unless it is known that this action has been, or will be, taken by the station acknowledging receipt of the distress message.
3. Cease all transmissions that may interfere with the distress traffic.
Any station in the aeronautical mobile service that has knowledge of distress traffic, and cannot itself assist the station in distress, shall follow such traffic until it is evident that assistance is being provided. All stations that are aware of distress traffic, and that are not taking part in it, are forbidden to transmit on the frequencies being used for distress traffic until a message is received indicating that normal working traffic may be resumed (cancellation of distress).
81
The acknowledgement of receipt of a distress message shall be given in the following form:
1. the distress signal "MAYDAY";
2. the call sign of the station in distress (spoken three times);
3. the words "THIS IS";
4. the call sign of the station acknowledging the receipt (spoken three times);
5. the words "RECEIVED MAYDAY."
82
What actions are to be taken by stations acknowledging receipt of a distress message?
1. Immediately acknowledge the distress message.
2. Take control of the communications, or, specifically and clearly transfer that responsibility, advising the aircraft is a transfer is made.
3. Take immediate action to ensure that all necessary information is provided as soon as possible to the Air Traffic Service (ATS) unit concerned, and the aircraft operating agency concerned (or its representative).
4. Continue to monitor the frequency on which the distress message was received and, if possible, any other frequency that may be used by the station in distress.
5. Warn other stations, as appropriate, in order to prevent the transfer of aeronautical traffic to the frequency of the distress communication.
6. Cease all transmissions that may interfere with the distress traffic.
83
How is a distress message relayed?
A distress message repeated by a station other than the station in distress shall transmit a signal comprising:
1. the signal "MAYDAY RELAY" (spoken three times);
2. the words "THIS IS";
3. the call sign of the station relaying the message (spoken three times);
4. the distress signal "MAYDAY" (once);
5. the particulars of the station in distress such as its location, nature of distress, number of persons on board, etc.
84
How is silence imposed?
SEELONCE MAYDAY - if being imposed by station in distress.
SEELONCE DISTRESS - if being imposed by station not in distress.
Can be addressed to a particular call sign or all stations.
85
How is distress cancelled?
When a station is no longer in distress, or when it is no longer necessary to observe radio silence (i.e. the rescue operation has concluded), the station that controlled the distress traffic shall transmit a message addressed to "ALL STATIONS" on the distress frequency(is) used, advising that normal working may resume. The proper procedure for cancelling a distress message is:
1. the distress signal "MAYDAY" (once);
2. the words "HELLO ALL STATIONS" (three times);
3. the words "THIS IS";
4. the call sign of the station transmitting the message;
5. the filing time of the message;
6. the call sign of the station distress (once);
7. the words "SEELONCE FEENEE."
This procedure is mainly for the benefit of other stations so they can resume regular service. To ensure that search and rescue stations are advised that a station is no longer in distress, a normal call to the nearest aeronautical station detailing the reasons for cancelling the distress call MUST be made.
86
What is the urgency signal?
PAN PAN spoken three times at the beginning of the first urgency communication.
It can be addressed to all stations or to a specific station.
87
What is the priority of an urgency signal?
It has priority over all other communications except distress.
88
What should a station do when it hears an urgency signal?
Stations that hear an urgency signal shall continue to listen for at least three minutes on the frequency which the signal was heard. After that, if no urgency message has been heard, an aeronautical ground station should, if possible, be notified of the receipt of the urgency signal and normal working may be resumed. All stations that hear the urgency signal must take care not to interfere with the urgency message which follows. Stations that are in communication on frequencies other than those used for the transmission of the urgency message may continue normal work without interruption provided that the urgency message is not addressed to all stations.
89
What frequency should be used for a distress or urgency signal?
The first transmission of the distress call and message by an aircraft should be made on the air-ground frequency in use at the time. If the aircraft is unable to establish communications on the frequency in use, the message should be repeated on the aeronautical emergency frequency (121.5 MHz), or any other frequency available, in an effort to establish communications with any aeronautical ground station or other aircraft station.
90
What is the process for and what should an urgency message contain?
The urgency signal shall be followed by a message giving further information about the incident that necessitated the use of the urgency signal.
When the urgency message is not addressed to a specific station and is acknowledged by another aircraft or aeronautical ground station, the acknowledging station shall forward the urgency information to the appropriate authorities (i.e. air traffic service unit, airport operating agency or its representative).
The urgency message should contain as many of the following elements as required, spoken distinctly and, if possible, in the following order:
1. the urgency signal "PAN PAN" (three times);
2. the name of the station addressed of the words "ALL STATIONS" (three times);
3. the words "THIS IS";
4. the identification of the aircraft;
5. the nature of the urgency condition;
6. the intentions of the person in command;
7. the present position, flight level or altitude and the heading;
8. any other useful information.
91
How is an urgency message cancelled?
```
The station responsible for the transmission shall cancel as soon as it knows that action is no longer necessary by addressing "ALL STATIONS"
PAN PAN
ALL STATIONS (three times)
Call sign of who's calling
result/reason for cancelling
call sign of who's calling
OUT
```
92
Aerodrome
Any area of land, water (including frozen surfaces) or any other supporting structure used, designed, prepared, equipped or set apart for use, either whole or in part, for the arrival, departure, movement or servicing of aircraft. This includes any buildings, installations and equipment situated thereon or associated therewith.
93
Aeronautical Service
A radiocommunication service that provides for the safety and navigation and other operations of aircraft, and that may also include the exchange of air-to-ground messages on behalf of the public.
94
Aircraft Station
A mobile station in the aeronautical service, other than a survival craft, located on board an aircraft.
95
Aeronautical Operational Control Communications (AOCC)
Communications related to the regularity of flight.
96
Aeronautical Station
A land station in the aeronautical mobile service. In certain instances, an aeronautical station may be located, for example, on board a ship or on a platform at sea.
97
Air Traffic Control Service (ATC Service)
A service provided for the purpose of:
a. preventing collisions between:
- aircraft;
- aircraft and obstacles; and
- aircraft and vehicles on the manoeuvring area; and
b. expediting and maintaining an orderly flow of air traffic.
98
Controlled Aerodrome
An aerodrome at which an air traffic unit is in operation.
99
Flight Service Station
An Air Traffic Service (ATS) unit established to provide selected flight services.
100
General Aviation Communications (GAC)
Communications relating to civil aviation operations other than for scheduled air service and non-scheduled air transport operations for remuneration or hire.
101
Ground Control Communications
ATC Service communications provided for the purposes of:
a. preventing collisions on the manoeuvring area between aircraft, and between aircraft and obstacles of vehicles; and
b. expediting and maintaining the orderly flow of aircraft operating on the manoeuvring area.
102
Private Advisory Service
A communication service offered at controlled aerodromes for use in connection with company business such as the servicing of aircraft, availability of fuel, lodging, etc. Such services shall not include information relating to ATC Service, weather reports, the condition of landing strips, or any other communication normally provided by ATC Service units.
103
Private Multiple Station
An aircraft or aeronautical station established to provide air-ground multipurpose communications of an operational nature.
104
ACKNOWLEDGE
Let me know that you have received and understood this message.
105
AFFIRM
An expression used in radiocommuncation meaning "Yes."
106
BREAK
Indicates the separation between portions of the message. (To be used where there is no clear distinction between the text and other portions of the message.)
107
CLEARED
Authorized to proceed under the conditions specified.
108
CONFIRM
Have I received the following... or Did you receive the message?
109
CORRECTION
An error that has been made in this transmission (or message indicated). The correct version is...
110
DISREGARD
Consider this transmission as not sent.
111
GO AHEAD
Proceed with your message.
112
HOW DO YOU READ?
What is the readability of my transmission?
113
I SAY AGAIN
I repeat for clarity of emphasis.
114
MAYDAY
An expression meaning "I am in distress." It is the international radiotelephony distress signal. Preferably spoken three times, it indicates imminent and grave danger and means that immediate assistance is requested.
115
MAYDAY RELAY
The spoken word for the distress relay signal.
116
MONITOR
Listen (on frequency).
117
NEGATIVE
No, or that is not correct, or I do not agree.
118
OUT
Conversation is ended and no response is expected.
119
OVER
My transmission is ended and I expect a response from you.
120
PAN PAN
The international radiotelephony urgency signal. Preferably spoken three times, it indicates a condition that concerns the safety of an aircraft or another vehicle, or some person on board or within sight, but that does not require immediate assistance.
121
READ BACK
Repeat all, or the specified part, of this message back to me exactly as received.
122
ROGER
I have received all of your last transmission.
123
ROGER NUMBER
I have received you message Number _______.
124
SAY AGAIN
An expression used to request repetition of the last transmission.
125
STANDY
I must pause for a few seconds or minutes. Please wait and I will call you.
126
SEELONCE
International expression to indicate that silence has been imposed on the frequency due to a distress situation.
127
SEELONCE FEENEE
International expression to indicate that the distress situation has ended.
128
SEELONCE MAYDAY
An international expression to advise that a distress situation is in progress. The command comes from the station in control of the distress traffic.
129
WILCO
Your instructions received, understood and will be complied with.
130
WORDS TWICE
(a) As a request: Communication is difficult, please send each word, or group of words, twice;
(b) As information: Since communication is difficult, I will send each word, or group of words, twice.
131
What bands are used for Aeronautical Radionavigation?
108. 1000 - 111.9750 MHz
| 111. 9750 - 117.9750 MHz
132
What bans are used for Air Traffic Control Services?
117. 9750 - 121.9625 MHz
123. 5875 - 128.8125 MHz
132. 0125 - 136.0000 MHz
133
What bands are used for General Aviation Communications?
121.9825 - 123.5875 MHz
134
What bands are used for Aeronautical Operational Control Communications?
128.8125 - 132.0125 MHz
135
Stuff Mike K. told me....
- Always cost charter tickets based on schedule assigned to the project regardless of what ended up happening with the aircraft.
- Do not give out charter tickets or fuel cache locations.
- Ok to give out strip locations because people have already planned where they are going.
