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esp > robotics q1 9 > Flashcards

robotics q1 9 Flashcards

summative test

1
Q

It is a branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots

A

Robotics

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2
Q

why is robotics important?

A

allows us to explore environments that are too distant, dangerous, or inhospitable for humans humans, such as deep oceans and other planets

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3
Q

_ and _ were the first who imagined and even created early forms of automated devices

A

greeks and egyptians

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4
Q

what is the name of the first industrial robot and who are credited with creating it?

A

george devol
joseph engelberger
unimate

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5
Q

robots can be either _ or _.

A

autonomus
semi-autonomus

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6
Q

when did the development of modern robotics start and when was their significant progress?

A

20th century, during the 40s-50s by advancements in electronics, computing and control theory

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7
Q

the rise of _ and m_ l_ has revolutionized robotics, enabling robots to learn from their environment and make decisions based on data

A

artificial intelligence
machine learning

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8
Q

what are the two popular humanoid robots

A

asimo by honda and sophia by hanson robotics

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9
Q

what field does robotics integrate?

A

mechanical engineering
electrical engineering
computer science
artificial intelligence

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10
Q

what is considered the “brain” of the robot?

A

control system

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11
Q

when was the term “robot” introduced and by who and where

A

1920 by karel capek in the play rur

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12
Q

what does R.U.R. stand for?

A

rossums universal robots

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13
Q

cite the medical advancements in robotics

A

healthcare, robots assist in surgeries, rehabilitation, remote diagnosis, improving patient care and outcomes

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14
Q

in automation and efficiency, what can robots do that leads to increased productivity and efficiency in various industries

A

perform tasks faster
more accurately
more consistently than humans

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15
Q

these are the eyes and ears of the robot

A

sensors

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16
Q

” understanding robotics is becoming increasingly important for the future workforce. as automation and robotics technologies advance, there is a growing need for people who can design, build, and maintain these systems” this is what impact on society?

A

education and future workforce

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17
Q

the “energy’ source for the robot

A

power supply

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17
Q

in what year did robotics begin to expand beyond industrial uses into fields like healthcare, exploration, consumer electronics?

A

70s-80s

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18
Q

what is the economic impact of robotics?

A

by reducing costs and increasing output

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19
Q

what is one of the earliest known examples of robotics?

A

Heron of Alexandrias (circa10-70AD)automata

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20
Q

these are the muscles of a robot

A

actuators

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21
Q

what is an ethical consideration in robotics?

A

replacement of human jobs

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22
Q

who is the person who coined the word robotics and what did he introduce?

A

Isaac Asimov,, 3 laws of robotics-guidelines for robot behaviour to ensure that they wouldnt harm humans

23
Q

the tools at the end of a robots arm

A

end effectors

24
Q

a change in light intensity

A

visual stimuli

25
Q

physical contact or touch

A

tactile stimuli

26
Q

object moving closer or farther away

A

proximity stimuli

27
Q

any change in temperature

A

thermal stimuli

28
Q

sound waves and change in noise levels

A

auditory stimuli

29
Q

is any detectable change in the environment that can be sensed so that an appropriate reaction can be made

A

stimulus

30
Q

this is the first step and most crucial step, as the robots ability to respond is entirely dependent on its ability to detect relevant stimuli

A

detection of stimulus

31
Q

once the sensor detects the stimulus, it converts this information into an electrical signal. this signal is then transmitted to the robots control system

A

signal transmission to control system

32
Q

the control system processes the incoming signal and decides what action the robot should take based on its programming

A

processing the signal

33
Q

after processing the signal, the control system sends a command to the actuators

A

command to actuators

34
Q

this is the final step where robots respond to stimulus

A

execution of action

35
Q

measures temperatures based on the seebeck effect and provides a digital output to the arduino. It can measure very high temperatures upto 1000C

A

thermocouple

36
Q

typically used in a voltage divider circuit to provide an analog voltage that varies with temperature

A

thermistor(Ntc)

37
Q

a type of resistor whose resistance varies resistance varies significantly with temperature

A

thermistor NTC

38
Q

offers low accuracy and a smaller range

A

DHT11

39
Q

Used in industrial robots for welding applications

A

welding torch

39
Q

better accuracy and wider range

A

DHT22

40
Q

used to handle ferromagnetic materials

A

magnetic end effectors

41
Q

suction cup

A

used for picking up objects using vacuum pressure

42
Q

used to grasp and manipulate objects

A

gripper

43
Q

are devices attached at the end of a robotic arm or manipulator

A

end effectors

44
Q

convert temperature changes into mechanical motion

A

thermal actuator

45
Q

contracts or expands in response to temperature changes

A

thermal actuator

46
Q

convert pressurized fluid into mechanical motion

A

hydraulic actuator

47
Q

convert compressed air into mechanical motion

A

pneumatic actuator

48
Q

2 types of electrical actuator

A

electric motor, solenoid

49
Q

convert electrical energy into mechanical motion

A

electric actuator

50
Q

actuators are critical for enabling robots to perform real-world tasks. They determine the robots what?

A

speed, strength, precision

51
Q

actuators anable robots to perform such tasks like what?

A

lifting
rotating
moving
gripping
altering the position

52
Q

converts different forms of energy into physical motion or force

A

actuators

53
Q

sensors that affect infrared light, which is not visible to ste

A

IR sensor

54
Q

detection in robotics, quality control in manufacturing manufactoring anfd matching

A
55
Q
A

esp (3 decks)

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