robotics q1 9 Flashcards
summative test
It is a branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots
Robotics
why is robotics important?
allows us to explore environments that are too distant, dangerous, or inhospitable for humans humans, such as deep oceans and other planets
_ and _ were the first who imagined and even created early forms of automated devices
greeks and egyptians
what is the name of the first industrial robot and who are credited with creating it?
george devol
joseph engelberger
unimate
robots can be either _ or _.
autonomus
semi-autonomus
when did the development of modern robotics start and when was their significant progress?
20th century, during the 40s-50s by advancements in electronics, computing and control theory
the rise of _ and m_ l_ has revolutionized robotics, enabling robots to learn from their environment and make decisions based on data
artificial intelligence
machine learning
what are the two popular humanoid robots
asimo by honda and sophia by hanson robotics
what field does robotics integrate?
mechanical engineering
electrical engineering
computer science
artificial intelligence
what is considered the “brain” of the robot?
control system
when was the term “robot” introduced and by who and where
1920 by karel capek in the play rur
what does R.U.R. stand for?
rossums universal robots
cite the medical advancements in robotics
healthcare, robots assist in surgeries, rehabilitation, remote diagnosis, improving patient care and outcomes
in automation and efficiency, what can robots do that leads to increased productivity and efficiency in various industries
perform tasks faster
more accurately
more consistently than humans
these are the eyes and ears of the robot
sensors
” understanding robotics is becoming increasingly important for the future workforce. as automation and robotics technologies advance, there is a growing need for people who can design, build, and maintain these systems” this is what impact on society?
education and future workforce
the “energy’ source for the robot
power supply
in what year did robotics begin to expand beyond industrial uses into fields like healthcare, exploration, consumer electronics?
70s-80s
what is the economic impact of robotics?
by reducing costs and increasing output
what is one of the earliest known examples of robotics?
Heron of Alexandrias (circa10-70AD)automata
these are the muscles of a robot
actuators
what is an ethical consideration in robotics?
replacement of human jobs
who is the person who coined the word robotics and what did he introduce?
Isaac Asimov,, 3 laws of robotics-guidelines for robot behaviour to ensure that they wouldnt harm humans
the tools at the end of a robots arm
end effectors
a change in light intensity
visual stimuli
physical contact or touch
tactile stimuli
object moving closer or farther away
proximity stimuli
any change in temperature
thermal stimuli
sound waves and change in noise levels
auditory stimuli
is any detectable change in the environment that can be sensed so that an appropriate reaction can be made
stimulus
this is the first step and most crucial step, as the robots ability to respond is entirely dependent on its ability to detect relevant stimuli
detection of stimulus
once the sensor detects the stimulus, it converts this information into an electrical signal. this signal is then transmitted to the robots control system
signal transmission to control system
the control system processes the incoming signal and decides what action the robot should take based on its programming
processing the signal
after processing the signal, the control system sends a command to the actuators
command to actuators
this is the final step where robots respond to stimulus
execution of action
measures temperatures based on the seebeck effect and provides a digital output to the arduino. It can measure very high temperatures upto 1000C
thermocouple
typically used in a voltage divider circuit to provide an analog voltage that varies with temperature
thermistor(Ntc)
a type of resistor whose resistance varies resistance varies significantly with temperature
thermistor NTC
offers low accuracy and a smaller range
DHT11
Used in industrial robots for welding applications
welding torch
better accuracy and wider range
DHT22
used to handle ferromagnetic materials
magnetic end effectors
suction cup
used for picking up objects using vacuum pressure
used to grasp and manipulate objects
gripper
are devices attached at the end of a robotic arm or manipulator
end effectors
convert temperature changes into mechanical motion
thermal actuator
contracts or expands in response to temperature changes
thermal actuator
convert pressurized fluid into mechanical motion
hydraulic actuator
convert compressed air into mechanical motion
pneumatic actuator
2 types of electrical actuator
electric motor, solenoid
convert electrical energy into mechanical motion
electric actuator
actuators are critical for enabling robots to perform real-world tasks. They determine the robots what?
speed, strength, precision
actuators anable robots to perform such tasks like what?
lifting
rotating
moving
gripping
altering the position
converts different forms of energy into physical motion or force
actuators
sensors that affect infrared light, which is not visible to ste
IR sensor
detection in robotics, quality control in manufacturing manufactoring anfd matching
