Robot Assisted Surgery Flashcards
Open Surgery Advantages
- Surgeons can use their hands: full haptic senses.
- Wide visual field.
- Extensive range of excellent instruments.
Open Surgery Disadvantages
- Highly invasive (large incisions).
- Long recovery.
- Blood loss.
Endoscopic procedures: Advantages:
- Magnified vision.
- Smaller incisions (reduced invasiveness).
- Fast patient recovery.
- Reduced blood loss.
Endoscopic procedures Disadvantages:
- Loss of haptic senses.
- Loss of 3D vision.
- Narrow field of view.
- Reduced dexterity.
- Poor ergonomics.
Explain Control loop in open and minimal invasive:
It goes from surgeon (visual and haptic feedback and patient data rely entirely on surgeons’ capability) to tools to patient.
How can the control loop be improved
by adding a control unit to sensor feedback and patient data. This way it would be: surgeon – control unit – robot – patient.
What problems do surgeon face:
- Instruments have to be placed accurately to assure patient safety and limited invasiveness.
- Preoperative planning and patient situation in operation theatre are likely to show differences.
How can the challenges of the surgeon be improved?
- Provide surgeon with a tool to visualise instruments in patient anatomy shown in images.
- Improve hand-eye coordination.
What is the purpose of image guided surgery?
improve precision of procedures and reduce invasiveness.
Robots are:
- accurate and precise.
- smaller or larger than people (as needed)
- remotely operated (as needed)
- connected to computers, which gives them access to information
- not always able to operate autonomously in highly complex, uncertain environments → human interaction
required
Robotic surgery:
-Allows to overcome the limitations of minimal invasive surgery (vision, dexterity, precision).
-Surgery can be performed with higher precision than conventional minimal invasive surgery.
-Vision can be improved (3D vision, high magnification) dependent on the robotic system.
Cooperative robots, their purpose, what is the mechanism, and the advantages?
Their purpose is to stabilise hand movement of surgeon to reduce tremor. They have a motion scaling: large hand movements are translated into small movements. They have higher precision and accuracy.
what does Teleoperation consist of:
The teleoperation in surgery consists of a slave robot/patient-side robot. The surgeon controls the patient-side.
Autonomous
The robot is interacting with patient without external control and therefore, it makes decisions. This is yet rarely used since it needs further development in order to have more safety in the patient.
What is Da Vinci Surgical System?
Robotic minimal invasive surgery system that is most commonly used and commercially successful
