Robitics And Computers Flashcards
What powers Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)?
Hydrogen.
What are the only tailpipe emissions from FCEVs?
Water vapour and warm air.
What is the chemical reaction in an FCEV?
Hydrogen combines with oxygen to produce electricity and water vapour (2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O).
How are FCEVs more efficient than conventional internal combustion engines?
FCEVs have no moving parts in the fuel cell itself, leading to higher efficiency and reliability.
What material are hydrogen fuel tanks in FCEVs typically made from?
Highly durable carbon fibre; some have triple-layer woven carbon fibre tanks.
What is the Metaverse generally defined as?
A spatial computing platform offering digital experiences as an alternative or replica of the real world, built on blockchain technology.
Where did the term “Metaverse” first appear?
In Neal Stephenson’s 1992 science-fiction novel “Snow Crash”.
What are some key elements or components of the Metaverse?
Interconnected virtual worlds, AR/VR environments, online games, social media, virtual commerce, digital currency, avatars [cite: 12, 13, 14, 1.1].
What was the projected value of the India Metaverse market in 2023?
USD 3.2 billion, expected to grow significantly.
Name a recent application of the Metaverse in India mentioned in the search results.
A wedding reception in Tamil Nadu (Feb 2022), Tanishq launching a collection (Apr 2022), HSBC targeting diaspora.
What are Carbon Fibres primarily composed of?
Carbon atoms.
List three key properties of Carbon Fibres.
High tensile strength, low weight, resistance to temperature/chemical corrosion, high dimensional stability, electrical conductivity, biological inertness.
Can Carbon Fibre waste be recycled?
Yes, using methods like Pyrolysis, Solvolysis, Depolymerization, or Mechanical Recycling.
Name two industries where Carbon Fibres are widely used.
Aerospace, automotive, sporting goods, construction, manufacturing, medical (implants, surgery).
What is a biofilter used for in water treatment?
Treatment of contaminated water, using biomass on filter media.
What nitrogen compound do biofilters primarily oxidize from fish waste?
Ammonia (NH₃) is oxidized to nitrite (NO₂) by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB).
How effective can biofilters be in removing nutrients?
Can remove up to 70% of nitrogen and 85% of phosphorus; over 95% of suspended solids.
What does an accelerometer measure?
Vibration or the acceleration of motion of a structure.
What principle allows piezoelectric accelerometers to work?
Force from vibration/acceleration causes a mass to squeeze piezoelectric material, generating a proportional electrical charge.
How are accelerometers used in cars?
To detect sudden shock and trigger airbags.
How do accelerometers protect laptop hard drives?
By detecting a sudden free fall and turning off the hard drive immediately to prevent damage.
What function do accelerometers perform in smartphones and digital cameras regarding the display?
Rotating the display based on the device’s orientation.
What are Short Range Devices (SRDs)?
Radio devices with low transmitted power/range, offering a low risk of interference.
Give two examples of applications using SRDs.
Access control (door openers), alarms, CCTV, cordless audio/microphones, industrial control, medical implants, metering devices, remote controls.
What is the fundamental unit of information in quantum computing?
The qubit (quantum bit).
How does a qubit differ from a classical bit?
A classical bit is either 0 or 1, while a qubit can be 0, 1, or a quantum superposition of both states.
What is the name of India’s dedicated mission for quantum technology development?
The National Quantum Mission (NQM), launched in 2023.
What is the budget allocated to India’s National Quantum Mission for 2023-2031?
Approximately ₹6,000 crore.
What is one stated goal of India’s quantum computing efforts by 2026?
To develop a quantum computer with approximately 50 qubits.
What is Software as a Service (SaaS)?
A way of delivering software applications over the Internet as a service, without needing local installation or maintenance.
Who manages the application in a SaaS model?
The SaaS provider manages access, security, availability, and performance on their servers.
Can users customize SaaS applications?
Yes, typically users can customize the UI, modify data fields, and enable/disable certain features.
Give an example of a common SaaS application.
Web-based email services like Outlook, Hotmail, or Yahoo! Mail.
What is Web3 (or Web 3.0)?
A potential next phase of the internet, envisioned as decentralized and run on blockchain technology.
What is a key characteristic of Web3 regarding user data?
Users will have ownership and control over their own data.
How does Web3 aim to change online transactions?
By enabling peer-to-peer transactions, potentially eliminating intermediaries.
What is India’s projected status in the Web3 developer space by 2028?
Expected to become the world’s largest Web3 developer hub.
What is a significant challenge mentioned for India’s Web3/crypto ecosystem?
Taxation, including a 30% flat tax on Virtual Digital Asset transfers and 1% TDS.
What defines Open Source Software (OSS)?
Software released under a license granting users rights to use, study, change, and distribute the software and its source code freely.
Name two Indian government digital platforms mentioned as being open source (or made open source).
DIKSHA (Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing), DigiLocker, COWIN, Aarogya Setu.
What is the primary purpose of the DIKSHA platform?
It serves as a national platform for school education, an initiative of NCERT.
What service does DigiLocker provide to Indian citizens?
A free platform to store and access important digital documents issued by various agencies or stored by users themselves.
What powers Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)?
Hydrogen.
What are the only tailpipe emissions from FCEVs?
Water vapour and warm air.
What is the chemical reaction in an FCEV?
Hydrogen combines with oxygen to produce electricity and water vapour (2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O).
How are FCEVs more efficient than conventional internal combustion engines?
FCEVs have no moving parts in the fuel cell itself, leading to higher efficiency and reliability.
What material are hydrogen fuel tanks in FCEVs typically made from?
Highly durable carbon fibre; some have triple-layer woven carbon fibre tanks.
What is the Metaverse generally defined as?
A spatial computing platform offering digital experiences as an alternative or replica of the real world, built on blockchain technology.
Where did the term “Metaverse” first appear?
In Neal Stephenson’s 1992 science-fiction novel “Snow Crash”.
What are some key elements or components of the Metaverse?
Interconnected virtual worlds, AR/VR environments, online games, social media, virtual commerce, digital currency, avatars [cite: 487, 489, 1.1].
What was the projected value of the India Metaverse market in 2023?
USD 3.2 billion, expected to grow significantly.
Name a recent application of the Metaverse in India mentioned in the search results.
A wedding reception in Tamil Nadu (Feb 2022), Tanishq launching a collection (Apr 2022), HSBC targeting diaspora.
What are Carbon Fibres primarily composed of?
Carbon atoms.
List three key properties of Carbon Fibres.
High tensile strength, low weight, resistance to temperature/chemical corrosion, high dimensional stability, electrical conductivity, biological inertness.
Can Carbon Fibre waste be recycled?
Yes, using methods like Pyrolysis, Solvolysis, Depolymerization, or Mechanical Recycling.
Name two industries where Carbon Fibres are widely used.
Aerospace, automotive, sporting goods, construction, manufacturing, medical (implants, surgery).
What is a biofilter used for in water treatment?
Treatment of contaminated water, using biomass on filter media.
What nitrogen compound do biofilters primarily oxidize from fish waste?
Ammonia (NH₃) is oxidized to nitrite (NO₂) by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB).
How effective can biofilters be in removing nutrients?
Can remove up to 70% for nitrogen and 85% for phosphorus; over 95% of suspended solids.
What does an accelerometer measure?
Vibration or the acceleration of motion of a structure.
What principle allows piezoelectric accelerometers to work?
Force from vibration/acceleration causes a mass to squeeze piezoelectric material, generating a proportional electrical charge.
How are accelerometers used in cars?
To detect sudden shock and trigger airbags.
How do accelerometers protect laptop hard drives?
By detecting a sudden free fall and turning off the hard drive immediately to prevent damage.
What function do accelerometers perform in smartphones and digital cameras regarding the display?
Rotating the display based on the device’s orientation.
What are Short Range Devices (SRDs)?
Radio devices with low transmitted power/range, offering a low risk of interference.
Give two examples of applications using SRDs.
Access control (door openers), alarms, CCTV, cordless audio/microphones, industrial control, medical implants, metering devices, remote controls.
What is the fundamental unit of information in quantum computing?
The qubit (quantum bit).
How does a qubit differ from a classical bit?
A classical bit is either 0 or 1, while a qubit can be 0, 1, or a quantum superposition of both states.
What is the name of India’s dedicated mission for quantum technology development?
The National Quantum Mission (NQM), launched in 2023.
What is the budget allocated to India’s National Quantum Mission for 2023-2031?
Approximately ₹6,000 crore.
What is one stated goal of India’s quantum computing efforts by 2026?
To develop a quantum computer with approximately 50 qubits.
What is Software as a Service (SaaS)?
A way of delivering software applications over the Internet as a service, without needing local installation or maintenance.
Who manages the application in a SaaS model?
The SaaS provider manages access, security, availability, and performance on their servers.
Can users customize SaaS applications?
Yes, typically users can customize the UI, modify data fields, and enable/disable certain features.
Give an example of a common SaaS application.
Web-based email services like Outlook, Hotmail, or Yahoo! Mail.
What is Web3 (or Web 3.0)?
A potential next phase of the internet, envisioned as decentralized and run on blockchain technology.
What is a key characteristic of Web3 regarding user data?
Users will have ownership and control over their own data.
How does Web3 aim to change online transactions?
By enabling peer-to-peer transactions, potentially eliminating intermediaries.
What is India’s projected status in the Web3 developer space by 2028?
Expected to become the world’s largest Web3 developer hub.
What is a significant challenge mentioned for India’s Web3/crypto ecosystem?
Taxation, including a 30% flat tax on Virtual Digital Asset transfers and 1% TDS.
What defines Open Source Software (OSS)?
Software released under a license granting users rights to use, study, change, and distribute the software and its source code freely.
Name two Indian government digital platforms mentioned as being open source (or made open source).
DIKSHA (Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing), DigiLocker, COWIN, Aarogya Setu.
What is the primary purpose of the DIKSHA platform?
It serves as a national platform for school education, an initiative of NCERT.
What service does DigiLocker provide to Indian citizens?
A free platform to store and access important digital documents issued by various agencies or stored by users themselves.
What powers Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)?
Hydrogen.
What are the only tailpipe emissions from FCEVs?
Water vapour and warm air.
What is the chemical reaction in an FCEV?
Hydrogen combines with oxygen to produce electricity and water vapour (2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O).
How are FCEVs more efficient than conventional internal combustion engines?
FCEVs have no moving parts in the fuel cell itself, leading to higher efficiency and reliability.
What material are hydrogen fuel tanks in FCEVs typically made from?
Highly durable carbon fibre; some have triple-layer woven carbon fibre tanks.
What is the Metaverse generally defined as?
A spatial computing platform offering digital experiences as an alternative or replica of the real world, built on blockchain technology.
Where did the term “Metaverse” first appear?
In Neal Stephenson’s 1992 science-fiction novel “Snow Crash”.
What are some key elements or components of the Metaverse?
Interconnected virtual worlds, AR/VR environments, online games, social media, virtual commerce, digital currency, avatars [cite: 12, 13, 14, 1.1].
What was the projected value of the India Metaverse market in 2023?
USD 3.2 billion, expected to grow significantly.
Name a recent application of the Metaverse in India mentioned in the search results.
A wedding reception in Tamil Nadu (Feb 2022), Tanishq launching a collection (Apr 2022), HSBC targeting diaspora.
What are Carbon Fibres primarily composed of?
Carbon atoms.
List three key properties of Carbon Fibres.
High tensile strength, low weight, resistance to temperature/chemical corrosion, high dimensional stability, electrical conductivity, biological inertness.
Can Carbon Fibre waste be recycled?
Yes, using methods like Pyrolysis, Solvolysis, Depolymerization, or Mechanical Recycling.
Name two industries where Carbon Fibres are widely used.
Aerospace, automotive, sporting goods, construction, manufacturing, medical (implants, surgery).
What is a biofilter used for in water treatment?
Treatment of contaminated water, using biomass on filter media.
What nitrogen compound do biofilters primarily oxidize from fish waste?
Ammonia (NH₃) is oxidized to nitrite (NO₂) by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB).
How effective can biofilters be in removing nutrients?
Can remove up to 70% for nitrogen and 85% for phosphorus; over 95% of suspended solids.
What does an accelerometer measure?
Vibration or the acceleration of motion of a structure.
What principle allows piezoelectric accelerometers to work?
Force from vibration/acceleration causes a mass to squeeze piezoelectric material, generating a proportional electrical charge.
How are accelerometers used in cars?
To detect sudden shock and trigger airbags.
How do accelerometers protect laptop hard drives?
By detecting a sudden free fall and turning off the hard drive immediately to prevent damage.
What function do accelerometers perform in smartphones and digital cameras regarding the display?
Rotating the display based on the device’s orientation.
What are Short Range Devices (SRDs)?
Radio devices with low transmitted power/range, offering a low risk of interference.
Give two examples of applications using SRDs.
Access control (door openers), alarms, CCTV, cordless audio/microphones, industrial control, medical implants, metering devices, remote controls.
What is the fundamental unit of information in quantum computing?
The qubit (quantum bit).
How does a qubit differ from a classical bit?
A classical bit is either 0 or 1, while a qubit can be 0, 1, or a quantum superposition of both states.
What is the name of India’s dedicated mission for quantum technology development?
The National Quantum Mission (NQM), launched in 2023.
What is the budget allocated to India’s National Quantum Mission for 2023-2031?
Approximately ₹6,000 crore.
What is one stated goal of India’s quantum computing efforts by 2026?
To develop a quantum computer with approximately 50 qubits.
What is Software as a Service (SaaS)?
A way of delivering software applications over the Internet as a service, without needing local installation or maintenance.
Who manages the application in a SaaS model?
The SaaS provider manages access, security, availability, and performance on their servers.
Can users customize SaaS applications?
Yes, typically users can customize the UI, modify data fields, and enable/disable certain features.
Give an example of a common SaaS application.
Web-based email services like Outlook, Hotmail, or Yahoo! Mail.
What is Web3 (or Web 3.0)?
A potential next phase of the internet, envisioned as decentralized and run on blockchain technology.
What is a key characteristic of Web3 regarding user data?
Users will have ownership and control over their own data.
How does Web3 aim to change online transactions?
By enabling peer-to-peer transactions, potentially eliminating intermediaries.
What is India’s projected status in the Web3 developer space by 2028?
Expected to become the world’s largest Web3 developer hub.
What is a significant challenge mentioned for India’s Web3/crypto ecosystem?
Taxation, including a 30% flat tax on Virtual Digital Asset transfers and 1% TDS.
What defines Open Source Software (OSS)?
Software released under a license granting users rights to use, study, change, and distribute the software and its source code freely.
Name two Indian government digital platforms mentioned as being open source (or made open source).
DIKSHA (Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing), DigiLocker, COWIN, Aarogya Setu.
