Robert O'Donnell Flashcards
Flash cards for ISO study jeopardy
What is a continuous beam?
Beam supported in 3 or more places
What is NFPA?
National Fire Protection Association standards
What is flashover?
Hostile fire event when all the surfaces and contents of a space reach their ignition temperature simultaneously
What is backdraft?
Explosion event where air suddenly introduced into a closed space filled with pressurized, ignition temperature and oxygen deprived products of combustion and pyrolysis
What is flameover?
Hostile fire event that includes the ignition and sustained burning of the overhead smoke layer within a room or hall way
What is ghosting?
Hostile fire event warning sign that is characterized as the intermittent ignition of small pockets of smoke looking like fingers of flames dancing through upper smoke layer.
What is smoke explosion?
Hostile fire event that occurs when a spark or flame is introduced into a pocket of smoke resulting in a split second ignition with NO sustained burning.
What is eccentric load?
A load that is imposed off-center to another object
What is rigid connection?
Elements are bonded together to form a solid union. Rebar in concrete, beaded welds and adhesives
What is a connection?
A structural element used to attache other structural elements to one another. They are loaded in shear force.
What is shear force?
A force that causes a material to be torn in opposite directions perpendicular or diagonal to the material
What are pinned connections?
Use of nuts and bolts, screws, nails and rivets to transfer load through attached elements.
What are gravity connections?
Load held in place by gravity; a beam sitting in a wall pocket.
At what temperature does steel lose 50% of its strength?
1100 degrees farenheit
What is tension?
A force that causes a material to be stretched or pulled apart in line with the material.
What is a truss?
A series of triangles used to act as a beam using lightweight materials (fake beam). Gussets burn in as little as 5 minutes
What is Type I?
Fire resistive. Concrete-encased steel, monolithic poured cement and post and beam steal with spray on protection. High rises, mega malls, stadiums using protection systems
What is Type II?
Noncombustible. Steel. Internal fires can cause collapse due to weakening of steel. Drop in ceilings
What is Type III?
Ordinary. Walls are noncombustible masonry and floors and roof assemblies are wood.
What is Type IV?
Heavy timber. Are stout; greater then 8 inches in thickness wide open areas with content exposure. Long burn time
What is Type V?
Wood frame.
What are the four construction influences used to classify buildings
Type, era, use and size
What is the lightweight era?
1980 to present. Prescriptive codes to performance based. How to what.
What is the industrial era?
WWI to WWII. Balloon framing, unprotected steel. Floors on ribbon boards
What is the legacy era?
WWII to 1980. Platform framing
What are spreader?
S, diamond or square shapes used to distribute force over more bricks or blocks as a corrective measure
What is a simple beam?
A beam supported at two points near its end
What is a cantilever beam?
A beam supported at only one end. Top in tension, bottom in compression
What is a lintel beam?
A beam that spans an opening in a load-bearing masonry wall such as over a garage door opening. Called a “header” street slang.
What is a girder?
A beam that carries other beams
What is a joist
A wood framing member used to support floors or roof sheeting
What is a purlin?
Series of beams placed perpendicular to other trusses or beams to help support roof decking.
What is a curtain wall?
A non-load bearing wall that supports only itself and keeps weather out.
Building use is also known as?
Occupancy type
What is dead load?
The weight of the building itself
What is live load?
Other weight or load the building must carry; snow, HVAC
What is axial load?
Through the center
What is torsional load?
Causes another object to twist
What is compression force?
A force that causes a material to be crushed or flattened axially through the material.
What is OSHA?
Created 1970. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
What does the Life Safety Initiatives do for firefighters?
Firefighters can report all unsafe actions
What is NIOSH?
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and in 1998 directed to investigate all duty-related firefighter fatalities
What is NIST?
National Institute of Standards and Technology providing the fire service with in testing of various fire related subjects.
