robbins Flashcards
3 most common malignant renal tumors in descending order
renal cell carcinoma
Wilms tumor
urothelial carcinoma
benign renal neoplasm which consists of vessels, smooth muscle, and fat originating from perivascular epithelioid cells.
Angiomyolipoma
Angiomyolipomas are present in 25% to 50% of patients with ____ a disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in the ______
tuberous sclerosis, TSC1 or TSC2
cuto off size for angiomyolipona where it has a high chance of spontaneous hemorrhage
> 4 cm
epithelial neoplasm composed of large eosinophilic cells having small, round, benign-appearing nuclei that have large nucleoli
Oncocytoma
Oncocytoma is thought to arise from the ____
intercalated cells of collecting ducts
Oncocytoma in gross appearance are (4)
tan or mahogany brown
homogeneous
well encapsulated
central scar in one-third of cases
most significant risk factor for renal cell carcinoma
tobacco
One-half to two-thirds of individuals with ____ syndrome (nearly all, if they live long enough) develop renal cysts and bilateral, often multiple, renal cell carcinomas
Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)
renal cell tumors that are made up of cells with clear or granular cytoplasm and are nonpapillary
clear cell carcinoma
In 98% of clear cell renal cell carcinomas, whether familial, sporadic, or associated with VHL syndrome, there is loss of sequences on the short arm of
chromosome 3 which contains the VHL gene
renal cell cancer that is composed of cells with prominent cell membranes and pale eosinophilic cytoplasm, usually with a halo around the nucleus
Chromophobe carcinoma
Chromophobe carcinoma arises from
intercalated cells of collecting ducts
Chromophobe RCC vs Oncocytoma
CK7
Chromophobe RCC CK7+ diffuse Oncocytoma CK7+ patchy
renal cell carcinoma that defined by translocations of the TFE3 gene which result in overexpression of the TFE3 transcription factor. The neoplastic cells consist of clear cytoplasm with a papillary architecture
Xp11 translocation carcinoma
