Roaring Twenties - Great Depression; New Deal

Question 1

What amendment gave women the right to vote, where did the movement start, and who are the notable figures?

Answer 1

19th amendment (1920), movement started in 1840 with the Seneca Falls Convention, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B Anthony, and Carrie Chapman Catt were notable figures.

Question 2

Who was a proponent of birth control?

Answer 2

Margaret Sanger

Question 3

What are flappers?

Answer 3

A new breed of women that smoked, drank (illegal), and danced and dressed inappropriately.

Question 4

What did Warren G Harding campaign for?

Answer 4

Normalcy and Preventing War, to return back to normal after WWI, and retreated from internationalism immediately after WWI.

Question 5

Respected interests in the Pacific.

Answer 5

Four-Power Treaty (1922), US, Japan, Britain, and France.

Question 6

Regulated size of navies.

Answer 6

Five-Power Treaty (1922), US 5, Britain 5, Japan 3, France 1.75, Italy 1.75.

Question 7

Attempted to outlaw war, stated it could not be used as a solution to controversies.

Answer 7

Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)

Question 7

Investigated individuals suspected of communist tendencies, particularly foreigners residing in the US.

Answer 7

Still Fear, or the Red Scare. Palmer Raids, led by A. Mitchell Palmer Attorney General, through Dept of Labor and FBI. Arrester 10,000 people, deported 500.

Question 8

Due to _________ people had more leisure time.

Answer 8

Industrialization and Mass Production

Question 9

Most important industry to impact the nation’s economy.

Answer 9

Automobile; oil, glass, rubber, etc. Benz developed the engine first and also the V8, but Henry Ford designed the Model T in 1908 after Model A and B. Used assembly line, and by 1925 a car only cost $800.

Question 10

What was the first talking picture.

Answer 10

The Jazz singer (1927), radio also became popular.

Question 11

Famous individual in sports.

Answer 11

Babe Ruth, Jim Thorpe, Bill Tilden

Question 12

Harlem Resistance

Answer 12

Rebirth of African-American arts that originated in Harlem.

Question 13

Who was Langston Hughes?

Answer 13

Writer and poet that wrote of the trials and tribulations of African-Americans, and the way of white folks.

Question 14

Who was Louis Armstrong?

Answer 14

Famous jazz musician of the era.

Question 15

Who was Aaron Douglas?

Answer 15

Born and raised in Topeka, and famous for murals of African design and subject matter.

Question 16

Which person competed for a $25,000 prize to fly solo across the Atlantic in 1927.

Answer 16

Charles Lindbergh in the Spirit of St Louis, Orteig prize.

Question 17

Amelia Earhart

Answer 17

Crossed the Atlantic in 1932, but crashed on her Oakland to Oakland voyage.

Question 18

Frank Lloyd Wright

Answer 18

Famous architect known for unique styling in housing. Symbolize change in households, along with straight lines and modern architecture.

Question 19

Rural

Answer 19

Older generation, religious fundamentalism.

Question 20

Urban

Answer 20

Younger generation, science and technology.

Question 21

TN passes _____ Act making it illegal to teach evolution.

Answer 21

Butler Act

Question 22

Scopes trial

Answer 22

John Scopes was put on trial for teaching evolution in Dayton, TN. Represented by Clarence Darrow, anti evolution represented by William Jennings Bryan

Question 23

Nativism and court case resulting.

Answer 23

Opposition to immigration. Sacco and Vanzetti, Italian anarchists sentenced to death for robbery and murder even with weak evidence. Dislike for radicals and aliens.

Question 24

National Origins Act

Answer 24

Stated only 2 percent of the current foreign population could be let in each year. Based on race in the 1890 census, excluded certain races entirely because there were few people of that ethnicity.

Question 25

Renewal of Ku Klux Klan

Answer 25

Now targeted radicals, Catholics, and Jews, in addition to African-Americans.

Question 26

Prohibition

Answer 26

Supported by religious fundamentalists, implemented with the 18th amendment, made it illegal to manufacture, distribute, or transport alcohol.

Question 27

Acts that enforced prohibition, and said you can’t use grain for alcohol. Who led illegal manufacturing, and who got arrested?

Answer 27

Volstead Act, and Leaver Act. Al Capone, Bugs Moran was arrested.

Question 28

When and who ended prohibition?

Answer 28

1933, a campaign promise of Franklin Roosevelt, a means to generate revenue during the Great Depression.

Question 29

Fast moving market with money vs slow moving without.

Answer 29

Bull market vs bear market.

Question 30

Stock market and buy on the margin.

Answer 30

The buying and selling of stocks to be paid dividends. Margin is borrowing a certain amount to buy stock and the repay once they sell the stock.

Question 31

Black Thursday

Answer 31

Investors began to worry that stocks were inflated and began to sell. Caused prices to dip below purchase price, and stockbrokers demanded their money back from stocks bought on margin. Disaster avoided when bankers intervened and bought many stocks.

Question 32

Black Tuesday

Answer 32

October 29, 1929. Stock market crashed and no amount of help could prevent it.

Question 33

Problems of the stock market crash.

Answer 33

The Great Depression, business cycles where businesses/economies have up periods followed by downs, banks closed and people lost all their savings because FDIC didn’t exist till 1933.

Question 34

Houses that the Great Depression forces people to move into.

Answer 34

Hoovervilles, which were shantytowns and called this because Hoover did little to help as president.

Question 35

Famous photographer the captured Great Depression.

Answer 35

Dorothea Lange, whose images demonstrated the despair felt by those in the depression, including Migrant Mother photograph.

Question 36

Warren G Harding presidency

Answer 36

Returned US to peace, but presidency was racked by scandals.

Question 37

Calvin Coolidge

Answer 37

Replaced people from Harding’s presidency who were involved in scandals. Otherwise proposed little legislation and pretty much let the country run on its own.

Question 38

Hoover beliefs

Answer 38

Favored big business, people didn’t want government intervention, encouraged businesses to cooperate and help people, formed Reconstruction Finance Corporation which gave money to struggling banks, insurance agencies, and home builders.

Question 39

Causes of Great Depression and what tariffs effected it?

Answer 39

Overproduction, people didn’t make a profit off what they grew, agricultural surpluses. Consumer debt where people purchased too much with credit at too high of interest rates, tariffs and taxes where other countries quit buying our products because the taxes were too high, Hawley-Smoot tariff raised tariffs to prohibitive levels (almost 50%) and other counties couldn’t afford to sell here.

Question 40

Bonus Army

Answer 40

WWI Veterans had been promised a bonus to be paid in 1945, in May of 1932 they marched to DC to try and get their payments early. Government urged them to leave bc there was no money, but some stayed in abounded buildings. President Hoover ordered General MacArthur to use tanks, machine guns, and tear gas to drive out veterans. FDR wins next election.

Question 41

Who did the dust bowl affect and why?

Answer 41

KS, CO, NM, OK, and TX. Poor agricultural practices including plowing grasslands, lack of trees, and sustained drought. Dust traveled as far as the east coast.

Question 42

Which book depicts farmers from OK fleeing to CA.

Answer 42

John Steinbeck’s, The Grapes of Wrath.

Question 43

Franklin D Roosevelt

Answer 43

Soundly defeated Herbert Hoover in 1932, and implemented the New Deal for Relief, Recovery, and Reform Plan. Accomplished a lot during first 100 days, bank holiday, AAA, NRA, CCC, TVA, PWA, FDIC, FERA. Gave fireside chats over the radio to reassure the public.

Question 44

Which president expanded the roles of women and African-Americans?

Answer 44

FDR, Eleanor Roosevelt took on campaigns to protect women and African-Americans.

Question 45

Frances Perkins

Answer 45

First women to head an executive department, Department of Labor

Question 46

Mary McLeod Bethune

Answer 46

Director of Negro Affairs in the National Youth Administration, first African-American to head an executive agency.

Question 47

Government handouts in the New Deal.

Answer 47

FERA, Federal Emergency Relief Administration, gave money to states through handouts or employment. Social Security, provides money to retirees and a lump sum benefit at death (only $255 today), this encouraged people to retire and increases job availability.

Question 48

Banking in the New Deal

Answer 48

FDIC, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, ensured deposits up to $5,000 ($250,000 today), ended the runs on banks where people were hurrying to withdraw their money.

Question 49

Civilian Conservation Corps

Answer 49

Employer young, unmarried men on conservation jobs, paid a salary, most of which had to be sent home to their family.

Question 50

Tennessee Valley Authority

Answer 50

Still in use today, built a series of dams within TN which provided electricity to their state and several others, a public utility government regulated, an experiment in social planning.

Question 51

Works Progress Administration

Answer 51

Employed people of all ages, built many roads, bridges, etc. Gave concerts, pieces of art and literature.

Question 52

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Answer 52

Paid money to those who reduced their crop production, in its first year slaughtered many animals and had crops plowed under in an effort to raise prices and lower supply, but did not assist tenant farmers or sharecroppers.

Question 53

Indian Reorganization Act

Answer 53

Encouraged returning individually owned land to tribal control.

Question 54

Supreme Court challenging New Deal

Answer 54

AAA and NRA declared unconstitutional, Butler vs US invalidates AAA. The act had required businesses to allow labor unions and pay minimum wage.

Question 55

Roosevelt solution to Supreme Court.

Answer 55

Add an additional Justice for each one over the age of 70, which would have added 6 Justices meaning 15 in total.

Question 56

Huey Long

Answer 56

Roosevelt opponent, share our wealth program, higher tax for higher income. Shot and killed for jerrymandering.

Question 57

Father Coughlin

Answer 57

Roosevelt opponent, businesses were too powerful.

Question 58

Dr Francis Townsend

Answer 58

Proposed giving everyone over the age of 60 $200 every month to be spent that month.