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8th AP History > Roaring 20s/Great Depression > Flashcards

Roaring 20s/Great Depression Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the roaring 20s?

A

Period of influential changes in lifestyles, arts, and technology

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2
Q

What is a flapper?

A

Liberal women with their newly found freedoms
Wore bobbed hair, makeup, and shorter dresses
Eager to try something new

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3
Q

What 2 amendments were added?

A

18th- prohibition, prohibited the manufacturing, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages
19th- women granted right to vote, role of women changed

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4
Q

What is a speakeasy?

A

Underground private club during prohibition; headquarters for organized crime

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5
Q

What 4 things did Harvey Couch do?

A

Began telephone lines across the state
Founded the Arkansas Power and Light Company
Convinced Northern bankers to build dams on Ouachita River
Started AR’s first radio station WOK in Pine Bluff

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6
Q

What town in AR had the first oil boom?

A

El Dorado

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7
Q

What year was the worst flood in AR

A

1927

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8
Q

What is a prolonged dry spell?

A

Drought

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9
Q

What is an “Arkie”?

A

A farmer who loaded up their belongings and moved west (…to California)

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10
Q

What did the unemployment rate jump to in AR during the Great Depression?

A

25%

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11
Q

When the depression hit AR how many banks failed, how many businesses closed, and how many people lost their job?

A

192 banks
Half of all business
245,000 lost jobs

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12
Q

Who was Hattie Caraway?

A

She won by a large margin, becoming the 1st female US senator

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13
Q

What was the New Deal?

A

FDR’s plan to bring US out of depression

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14
Q

What is bank holiday?

A

Closed all banks in US; only allowed to reopen when financially strong

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15
Q

What is deficit spending?

A

Using borrowed money to fund government programs

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16
Q

What was formed to back savings accounts?

A

Federal Deposit Insurance Corp (FDIC)

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17
Q

To end peoples’s need for gov’t aid; people were hired to build- became AR largest employer

A

Works Progress Association (WPA)

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18
Q

$9 million to AR; provided food, shelter and money for unemployed

A

Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)

19
Q

Paid farmers not to grow crops; as quantity cleared, prices stabilized

A

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

20
Q

What was the Southern Tenant Farmers’ Union

A

Payments went to landowners, formed by black and white sharecroppers
Goals: getting fair share at gov’t programs, higher wages for hired hands, better deal for tenants

21
Q

What hired young men to work on outdoor projects

A

Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)

22
Q

Hired skilled laborers for projects, such as Robinson Auditorium

A

Public Works Administration (PWA)

23
Q

What is the Dyess Colony

A

Used AR program model- WR Dyess, states FERA chief and plantation owner, used FERA funds to create an ideal farm community for AR relief clients
Divided 16,000 acres into 500 farmsteads for 3000 white Arkansans
Designed in shape of wagon wheel

24
Q

What is a liberal

A

one supportive of government programs

25
Q

What is a conservative

A

one opposed to government programs

26
Q

Laissez Faire

A

opposed to government regulation; hands off policy

27
Q

What was the AR advancement Association?

A

formed to promote good points of the state to out of state investors
Brought newspaper and magazine writers to AR

28
Q

What was AR’s new nickname

A

The Wonder State

General Assembly adopted new nickname

29
Q

What was AR major moneymaker in 1920?

A

Timber

30
Q

What was the cotton club?

A

Jazz club in Harlem, New York that featured some of the greatest black entertainers of that time but only served whites.

31
Q

What events led to the Elaine Race Riots in AR?

A

The fear in social change, the creation of the Progressive Farmers and Household Union of America which was designed to unite black sharecroppers, and

32
Q

How long was the Elaine Race Riot?

A

2 days and 1 night

33
Q

What was the range of deaths at the

A

Whites - 5

Blacks - 25-856

34
Q

An AR soldier killed in action during WWI who received the congressional medal of honor

A

Oscar Franklin Miller

35
Q

An accomplished marksman in the US army during WWI, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross

A

Herman Davis

36
Q

A WWI flying ace, earned the British Distinguished Service Cross with an oak leaf cluster. Only 2 people in the war shot down more aircraft for the US army air service during WWI

A

Capt. Field E. Kindley

37
Q

A soldier who served 2 months in WWI before his plane was shot down . Later, his diary was assembled into “War Birds: the diary of an Unknown Aviator” and published. It recorded memories and horrors of WWI fighter pilots. The Pine Bluff airport is named after him.

A

John Grider

38
Q

Who was the key defense lawyer?

A

Scipio Jones (little rocks leading black lawyer)

39
Q

What helped finance court appeals?

A

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

40
Q

What happened to the 12 blacks who were tried and sentenced to death?

A

They quickly appealed to higher courts.

41
Q

What is social security?

A

Collected taxes to pay pensions for retired, disabled, and unemployed.

42
Q

What are 3 things AR did to help the war effort?

A
  • Arkansans engaged in wheatless Mondays and meatless Tuesdays
  • Arkansans served in the American Red Cross
  • Grew cotton and mined bauxite that were processed for wartime supplies
43
Q

What was the end result of the Elaine Race Riot?

A

65 African-Americans were tried on various charges, 12 blacks were sentenced to death but quickly appealed to larger courts

8th AP History (6 decks)

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